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Pre-Injection Assessment of 
Time-Lapse Seismic Repeatability at the 
Aquistore CO2 Storage Site 
1
Overview of the Aquistore CO2 storage site 
Data acquisition 
Time-lapse repeatability results 
2
3 
CO2 Capture 
CO2 Injection
4 
Power 
Generation 
Capture Plant
Surface-based 
Regional 3D seismic survey 
Geological characterization 
Baseline & time-lapse (?) 
Permanent seismic array 
Time-lapse imaging 
Electrical/electromagnetic 
Gravity 
Passive seismic (broadband & short period array) 
InSAR 
GPS 
Tiltmeters 
Groundwater & Soil gas monitoring 
Plume 
5 
Down-hole 
Cross-well seismic & VSP 
Cross-well & surface-to- downhole electrical monitoring 
Real-time P & T 
Passive seismic 
Fluid sampling 
Time-lapse logging 
Distributed Acoustic/Temperature Sensors (DAS/DTS) 
Heater cable 
Gravity 
Designed for: (1) project/plume monitoring; (2) public assurance; (3) research objectives 
Deformation 
Leakage 
In Situ
Aquistore Project Timeline 
Sep-11 
Mar-12 
Nov-12 
Apr-13 
Groundwater, 
Soil Gas, 
Passive Seismic 
Permanent & 
Baseline 3D 
Seismic 
Injection 
Well 
Site/Funding 
Agreements 
H2O Injection 
Test 
Observation 
Well 
Baseline VSP, 
Monitor II 3D 
Seismic 
Aug-12 
Today 
GPS, 
Tiltmeters 
InSAR, 
Piezometers 
Crosswell Seismic, 
Monitor I 3D 
Seismic 
Nov-13 
Site characterization Baseline Surveys 
CO2 
Injection 
2014 
6
Goals of permanent array: 
improve repeatability 
demonstrate sparse array imaging 
provide passive monitoring capability 
7
8 
Midale Beds 
Watrous “Red Beds” 
Prairie Evaporite 
Precambrian 
Deadwood Formation 
Colorado Shale 
Depth: 3.4km
9 
630 geophones 
Covers ~5 km2 
20m depth 
Rx lines 144m 
In-line 72m
260 shots 
Covers ~6 km2 
1 kg Dynamite 
15m depth 
Sx lines 288m 
In-line 144m 
Baseline – March, 2012 
Monitor I – April, 2013 
Monitor 2 – Nov, 2013 
10
11 
Baseline 
Monitor 1
Dataset Equalisation (Common source/receivers) 
Trace Editing 
Amplitude Scaling 
Surface Consistent Amplitude Balancing 
Bandpass Filtering 
Surface Consistent Deconvolution 
Bandpass Filtering 
Refraction Statics (Common velocity model) 
Surface Consistent Residual Statics 
NMO Correction (Common velocity model) 
CDP Stacking 
Explicit FD 3D post stack migration 
12
13 
Raw Stack 
Migrated 
Reservoir
14 
Baseline 
Monitor 1 
Difference
15 
풏푹푴푺 풗풂풍풖풆풔 
풓풂풏품풆:ퟎ −ퟐ 
Kragh and Khristie, 2002
16 
Cross-Equalised 
Raw 
Migrated 
nRMS=0.09 
nRMS=1.13 
nRMS=0.13 
Roach et al. 2015 Geophysics – in review 
White et al. 2015 Geophysics – in review
17 
Monitoring Activities: Lisa Roach (GSC), S. Samsonov (CCRS), M. Craymer (CCRS), B. Roberts (GSC), J. Henton (CCRS), M. Czarnogorska, J. Silliker (CCRS), Tom Daley (LBNL), Michelle Robertson (LBNL), Chevron 
Management: Petroleum Technology Research Centre (Kyle Worth, Neil Wildgust, Aleana Young, Joseph Lazlo) 
Operations: Sask Power, Schlumberger Carbon Services (Jared Lee Walker, Marcia Couëslan, Bob Will, Wade Zaluski) 
Science & Engineering Research Committee: Rick Chalaturnyk (U Alberta), Chris Hawkes (U Sask), Ben Rostron (U Alberta), Jim Johnson (Schlumberger-Dole), Jim Sorensen (EERC), Don White (GSC) 
Contractors: Western-Geco, RPS Boyd-PetroSearch, Geospace, Silixa, Sercel, Tesla
18 
Thank You For Your Attention!

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Pre-Injection Assessment of Time-Lapse Seismic Repeatability at the Aquistore CO2 Storage Site - presentation by Lisa Roach at the UKCCSRC meeting Monitoring of the deep subsurface, 23 October 2014

  • 1. Pre-Injection Assessment of Time-Lapse Seismic Repeatability at the Aquistore CO2 Storage Site 1
  • 2. Overview of the Aquistore CO2 storage site Data acquisition Time-lapse repeatability results 2
  • 3. 3 CO2 Capture CO2 Injection
  • 4. 4 Power Generation Capture Plant
  • 5. Surface-based Regional 3D seismic survey Geological characterization Baseline & time-lapse (?) Permanent seismic array Time-lapse imaging Electrical/electromagnetic Gravity Passive seismic (broadband & short period array) InSAR GPS Tiltmeters Groundwater & Soil gas monitoring Plume 5 Down-hole Cross-well seismic & VSP Cross-well & surface-to- downhole electrical monitoring Real-time P & T Passive seismic Fluid sampling Time-lapse logging Distributed Acoustic/Temperature Sensors (DAS/DTS) Heater cable Gravity Designed for: (1) project/plume monitoring; (2) public assurance; (3) research objectives Deformation Leakage In Situ
  • 6. Aquistore Project Timeline Sep-11 Mar-12 Nov-12 Apr-13 Groundwater, Soil Gas, Passive Seismic Permanent & Baseline 3D Seismic Injection Well Site/Funding Agreements H2O Injection Test Observation Well Baseline VSP, Monitor II 3D Seismic Aug-12 Today GPS, Tiltmeters InSAR, Piezometers Crosswell Seismic, Monitor I 3D Seismic Nov-13 Site characterization Baseline Surveys CO2 Injection 2014 6
  • 7. Goals of permanent array: improve repeatability demonstrate sparse array imaging provide passive monitoring capability 7
  • 8. 8 Midale Beds Watrous “Red Beds” Prairie Evaporite Precambrian Deadwood Formation Colorado Shale Depth: 3.4km
  • 9. 9 630 geophones Covers ~5 km2 20m depth Rx lines 144m In-line 72m
  • 10. 260 shots Covers ~6 km2 1 kg Dynamite 15m depth Sx lines 288m In-line 144m Baseline – March, 2012 Monitor I – April, 2013 Monitor 2 – Nov, 2013 10
  • 12. Dataset Equalisation (Common source/receivers) Trace Editing Amplitude Scaling Surface Consistent Amplitude Balancing Bandpass Filtering Surface Consistent Deconvolution Bandpass Filtering Refraction Statics (Common velocity model) Surface Consistent Residual Statics NMO Correction (Common velocity model) CDP Stacking Explicit FD 3D post stack migration 12
  • 13. 13 Raw Stack Migrated Reservoir
  • 14. 14 Baseline Monitor 1 Difference
  • 15. 15 풏푹푴푺 풗풂풍풖풆풔 풓풂풏품풆:ퟎ −ퟐ Kragh and Khristie, 2002
  • 16. 16 Cross-Equalised Raw Migrated nRMS=0.09 nRMS=1.13 nRMS=0.13 Roach et al. 2015 Geophysics – in review White et al. 2015 Geophysics – in review
  • 17. 17 Monitoring Activities: Lisa Roach (GSC), S. Samsonov (CCRS), M. Craymer (CCRS), B. Roberts (GSC), J. Henton (CCRS), M. Czarnogorska, J. Silliker (CCRS), Tom Daley (LBNL), Michelle Robertson (LBNL), Chevron Management: Petroleum Technology Research Centre (Kyle Worth, Neil Wildgust, Aleana Young, Joseph Lazlo) Operations: Sask Power, Schlumberger Carbon Services (Jared Lee Walker, Marcia Couëslan, Bob Will, Wade Zaluski) Science & Engineering Research Committee: Rick Chalaturnyk (U Alberta), Chris Hawkes (U Sask), Ben Rostron (U Alberta), Jim Johnson (Schlumberger-Dole), Jim Sorensen (EERC), Don White (GSC) Contractors: Western-Geco, RPS Boyd-PetroSearch, Geospace, Silixa, Sercel, Tesla
  • 18. 18 Thank You For Your Attention!