Language Translator ( Compiler)
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The document provides an overview of language translators, including assemblers, compilers, and interpreters, which are essential for converting code into machine language. It details the functions of each type of translator, their directives, and the advantages and disadvantages of using interpreters. Overall, translators allow programs not written in machine language to be executed by computers.
Language Translator ( Compiler)
- 1. + Topic : Language Translator Nazmul Hyder ID : 011 131 085
- 3. + Any program that is not written in machine language has to be translated in machine language before it is executed by the computer. The means used for translation are themselves computer programs. There are three types of translator programs i.e. Assembler, Compilers and Interpreters.
- 4. + ASSEMBLER : To convert the assembly language into machine code . Translate mnemonic operation codes to their machine language . Assigning machine addresses to symbolic labels.
- 5. + Assembler Directives : • The assembler can also process assembler directives. • Assembler directives (or pseudo- instructions) provide instructions to the assembler itself. They are not translated into machine instructions • E.g. • START (specify name and starting address for the program). • END (indicate the end of the source program and (optionally) specify the first executable instruction in the program)
- 6. + Working of Assembler : • Programmer write a program using a sequence of assemble instructions. • This sequence of assembler instructions, known as the source code/source program, then specified to the assembler program when that program is started. • It translates a source code into machine language. • The output of the assembler program is called the object code or object program.
- 7. + COMPILER : • A compiler is a computer program that transforms source code written in a programming language(source language) into another computer language(target language) . • Compiler: o Checks syntax of program o Checks at a time all the program • Primary reason for compiling source code is to create an executable program • Examples of compiler based language: • C, C++, JAVA
- 8. + Jobs of compiler : 1.To translate HLL source program to machine codes. 2. To trace variables in the program 3. To include linkage for subroutines. 4. To allocate memory for storage of program and variables. 5. To generate error messages, if there are errors in the program
- 9. + INTERPRETER : • A computer program that executes instructions written in a programming language and do not produces the executable file. • Interpreter: o Checks the keywords of a program o Taking one instruction at a time and convert it into machine language before taking upon the next instruction. • Examples of interpreter based language: o PHP, JavaScript, BASIC
- 10. + Advantage : 1. Good at locating errors in programs 2. Debugging is easier since the interpreter stops when it encounters an error. 3. If an error is deducted there is no need to retranslate the whole program Disadvantage : 1. Rather slow. 2. No object code is produced, so a translation has to be done every time the program is running. 3. For the program to run, the Interpreter must be present
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