Learn Xamarin Absolute Beginners - Application Manifest, Android Resources & Android Activity Lifecycle
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The document provides an overview of key components in Android app development, specifically focusing on the application manifest, Android resources, and the activity lifecycle. It details the structure and purpose of the manifest file, lists essential Android resources like drawable and layout folders, and explains the lifecycle stages of an Android activity with specific method calls. This information is aimed at absolute beginners in Xamarin and Android development.
Learn Xamarin Absolute Beginners - Application Manifest, Android Resources & Android Activity Lifecycle
- 1. Learn Xamarin Absolute Beginners Application Manifest, Android Resources & Android Activity Lifecycle Eng Teong Cheah Microsoft MVP in Visual Studio & Development Technologies
- 2. Agenda •Application Manifest •Android Resources •Android Activity Lifecycle
- 4. Application Manifest All Android Apps have a manifest file commonly referred to as AndroidManifest.xml. The manifest file contains everything about the Android platform that an App needs in order to run successfully.
- 5. Application Manifest - It lists the libraries that the application must be linked.
- 6. Application Manifest The following screenshot shows a Manifest file.
- 7. Application Manifest Application name – It refers to the title of your App Package name – It is a unique name used to identify your App Application Icon – It is the icon displayed on the Android home screen for your App.
- 8. Application Manifest Version Number – It is a single number that is used to show one version of your App is more recent than other. Version Name – It is a user-friendly version string for your App that users will see on your App settings and on the Google PlayStore. The following code shows an example of a version name. <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:versionCode="1" > <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:versionName="1.0.0">
- 9. Application Manifest Minimum Android Version – It is the lowest Android version platform which your application supports. In the above example, our minimum Android version is API Level 16, commonly referred to as JELLY BEAN. Target Android Version – It is the Android version on which your App is compiled against. <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="16" />
- 11. Android Resources When a new Android project is created, there are some files that are added to the project, by default. We call these default project files and folders as Android Resources. Take a look at the following screenshot.
- 12. Android Resources The default Android resources include the following - AndroidManifest.xml file – It contains information about your Android applications, e.g. the application name, permissions, etc. Resources folder - Resources can be images, layouts, strings, etc. that can be loaded via Android’s resource system.
- 13. Android Resources Resources / drawable folder – It stores all the images that you are going to use in your application. Resources / layout folder -It contains all the Android XML file (.axml) that Android uses to build user interfaces. The Resources / value folder - It contains XML files to declare key- value pairs for strings (and other types) throughout an application. This is how localization for multiple languages is normally set up on Android.
- 14. Android Resources Resources.designer.cs – This file is created automatically when the Android projected is created and it conatins unique identifiers that reference the Android resources. MainActivity.cs file - This is the first activity of your Android application and from where the main application actions are launched from.
- 15. Android Resources Resource files can be accessed programmatically through a unique ID which is stored in the resources.designer.cs file. The ID is contained user a class call Resource. Any resource added to the project is automatically generated inside the resource class.
- 16. Demo
- 18. Android Activity Lifecycle When a user navigates through an Android App, a series of events occurs. For example, when a user launches an app, e.g. the Facebook App, it starts and becomes visible on the foreground to the user, onCreate( ) -> onStart( ) -> onResume( ).
- 19. Android Activity Lifecycle If another activity starts, e.g., a phone call comes in, then the Facebook app will go to the background and the call comes to the foreground. We now have two processes running. onPause() --- > onStop()
- 20. Android Activity Lifecycle When the phone call ends, the Facebook app returns to the foreground. Three methods are called. onRestart() --- > onStart() --- > onResume()
- 21. Android Activity Lifecycle There are 7 lifecycle processes in an Android activity. They include – onCreate – It is called when the activity is first created. onStart – It is called when the activity starts and becomes visible to the user. onResume– It is called when the activity starts interacting with the user. User input takes place at this stage.
- 22. Android Activity Lifecycle onPause – It is called when the activity runs in the background but has not yet been killed. onStop – It is called when the activity is no longer visible to the user. onRestart - It is called after the activity has stopped, before starting again. It is normally called when a user goes back to a previous activity that had been stopped.
- 23. Android Activity Lifecycle onDestroy – This is the final call before the activity is removed from the memory.
- 24. Android Activity Lifecycle The following illustration shows the Android Activity Lifecycle -
- 26. Thank You