Lecture 1 Communication Theory
- 2. Lecture-01 COMMUNICATION THEORY Introduction Concept and Meaning Definitions Importance of Communication Objectives of Communication Process of Communication
- 3. Introduction Essential for all human performance and interaction Use language as a means of communication One cannot think of human life without communication Can you imagine what would happen if you are not allowed to talk for a long time? You would feel suffocated. Integral part of personal and professional life Helps to build healthy relations and credibility with co- workers
- 4. Continued… Paul Watzlawick said that we cannot not communicate Communicate verbally and non-verbally A process that is dynamic, continuous, and irreversible but at the same time, it is reciprocal in nature Communicate effectively is the most important of all life skills Act of transferring information from one place to another It may be vocally (using voice), written (using printed or digital media such as books, magazines, websites or emails), visually (using logos, maps, charts or graphs) or non-verbally (using body language, gestures and the tone and pitch of voice) How well this information can be transmitted and received is a measure of how good our communication skills are.
- 5. Concept and Meaning Derived from the Latin terms Communis or ‘Communicare’ means common or to impart or to share To put to common means shared by, coming from, or done by two or more people, groups, or things. Process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior Refers to the reciprocal exchange of information, ideas, facts, opinions, beliefs, feelings & attitudes through verbal or nonverbal means between two people or within a group of people.
- 6. Definitions Louis Allen – “Communication is the sum of all things which a person does when he wants to create understanding in the mind of another. It involves a systematic and continuous process of telling, listening and understanding.” Peter Little – “Communication is the process by which information is transmitted between individuals and/or organization so that an understanding response results.”
- 7. Continued.. W.H. Newman – “ Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons.” The American Management Association – Communication is any behavior that results in an exchange of meaning.
- 8. Objectives of Communication Strong Business Relationships & Enhanced Professional Image Provide Advice Provide Order Suggestion Persuasion Education
- 9. Continued… Warning Raising Morale and Motivation To Give and Receive Information To Provide Counseling To Improve Discipline Persuasion
- 10. Why is communication important to human life?
- 11. Importance of Communication Part and parcel of our life Enhances your personality Helps to spread knowledge and information among people Plays pivotal role for business organisations
- 13. Process of Communication The process of communication refers to the transmission or passage of information or message from the sender through a selected channel to the receiver overcoming barriers that affect its pace. The process of communication is a cyclic one as it begins with the sender and ends with the sender in the form of feedback. Changing Dynamic Systematic
- 15. Components or Elements 1. Sender 2. Encoding 3. Message 4. Channel 5. Decoding 6. Receiver 7. Feedback
- 16. Sender A person or group of person having a purpose to communicate Factors that affect source: Communication Skills, Attitude towards self, Subject, Receiver’s Knowledge, stage, Socio-Cultural System etc. Sender / Encoder is a person who sends the message. A sender makes use of symbols (words or graphic or visual aids) to convey the message and produce the required response.
- 17. Sender For instance - a training manager conducting training for new batch of employees. Sender may be an individual or a group or an organization. The views, background, approach, skills, competencies, and knowledge of the sender have a great impact on the message.
- 18. Encoding Encoding is the process where the information you would like to communicate gets transferred into a form to be sent and decoded by the receiver. Translating information into a message in the form of symbols that represent ideas or concepts. This process translates the ideas or concepts into the coded message that will be communicated.
- 19. Message Message is a key idea that the sender wants to communicate. It is a sign that elicits the response of recipient. Communication process begins with deciding about the message to be conveyed. It must be ensured that the main objective of the message is clear The message can be written, oral, symbolic or non-verbal such as body gestures, silence, sighs, sounds, etc. or any other signal that triggers the response of a receiver.
- 20. Channel Channels are the way you convey your message. These channels include verbal such as telephone, and face-to-face conversations (oral) as well as written such as e-mail and text messaging. Each individual channel has its strengths and weaknesses in terms of communicating. For instance - Written medium is chosen when a message has to be conveyed to a small group of people, while an oral medium is chosen when spontaneous feedback is required from the recipient as misunderstandings are cleared then and there.
- 22. Decoding Decoding is on the receiving end of communication. It is a process of understanding and interpretation of ideas or information by the receiver. This stage is just as important as encoding. Communication can go downhill at this stage if the receiver is not practicing active listening skills or if he/she does not possess enough information to accurately decode the message.
- 23. Receiver A person for whom the message is intended or aimed. The extent to which this person comprehends the message will depend on a number of factors, which include the following: how much the individual or individuals know about the topic, their receptivity to the message, and the relationship and trust that exists between sender and receiver. All interpretations by the receiver are influenced by their experiences, attitudes, knowledge, skills, perceptions, and culture. It is similar to the sender's relationship with encoding.
- 24. Feedback The final link in communication process Without feedback, the sender cannot confirm that the receiver has interpreted the message correctly. It helps the sender in confirming the correct interpretation of message by the decoder. Feedback may be verbal (through words) or non-verbal (in form of smiles, sighs, etc.). It may take written form such as memos, reports, etc. Without feedback communication is incomplete
- 25. Why Feedback is Essential for effective Communication? Collection of Information Completion of Entire Communication Process Measuring the Effectiveness of Communication Improving Labor-Management Relationship Taking proper Decision Coordination among Various Departments:
- 26. Why Feedback is Essential for effective Communication… Getting the Reactions of Receiver feedback plays an important role in two-way business communication. It is essential for the completion of whole communication system. In real sense, it is the essence of two -way communication.