Radar uses radio waves to detect the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. It works by transmitting pulses of radio waves and measuring the time for their reflection to return to the receiver. By measuring frequency shifts of the reflected signal, radar can detect how fast a target is moving using the Doppler effect. Typical applications of radar include military uses such as air traffic control and weather monitoring.