Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter
- 1. Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter A property is a quality or attribute. Is the property Intensive or Extensive? Is the property Physical or Chemical?
- 2. Describing Matter Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.
- 3. Describing Matter Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive. – An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample.
- 4. Describing Matter Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive. – An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample. – An intensive property depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter.
- 5. 2.1 Describing Matter – Extensive properties depend on amount.
- 6. 2.1 Describing Matter – Extensive properties depend on amount. • The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
- 7. 2.1 Describing Matter – Extensive properties depend on amount. • The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains. • The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.
- 8. 2.1 Describing Matter – Extensive properties depend on amount. • The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains. • The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.
- 9. 2.1 Describing Matter – Extensive properties depend on amount. • The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains. • The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object. The big ball has more mass and volume than the little ball.
- 10. 2.1 Describing Matter Intensive Properties The hardness of a bowling ball is an example of an intensive property.
- 11. Is flammability an extensive or intensive property?
- 12. 2.1 Identifying Substances Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is called a substance. A substance is pure.
- 13. 2.1 Identifying Substances Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.
- 14. 2.1 Identifying Substances Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties. Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC.
- 15. 2.1 Identifying Substances Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties. Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC. These properties are intensive because they do not depend on how big the sample is.
- 16. 2.1 Identifying Substances • A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition. • Hardness, color, and crystal shape are examples of physical properties.
- 17. 2.1 Identifying Substances
- 18. 2.1 States of Matter Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
- 19. 2.1 States of Matter A solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.
- 20. 2.1 States of Matter A liquid is a form of matter that has an indefinite shape (it flows) but a definite volume.
- 21. 2.1 States of Matter A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.
- 22. 2.1 States of Matter A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container. The gas state is the only state of matter that is compressible.
- 23. 2.1 States of Matter Vapor describes a gas that is usually a liquid or solid at room temperature, as in water vapor.
- 24. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists
- 25. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
- 26. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!
- 27. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume! Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.
- 28. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume! Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.
- 29. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume! Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume. Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.
- 30. States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume! Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume. Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.
- 32. Substances go from solid to liquid to gas as energy increases.
- 33. 2.1 Physical Changes During a physical change, some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change. As gallium melts in a person’s hand, the shape of the sample changes, but the composition of the material does not change.
- 34. Homework Read section 2.1 and complete section 2.1 problems
- 35. Homework Read section 2.1 and complete section 2.1 problems