lecture in FIRE where is the start and how to prevent
- 1. Fire Safety Lecture & Fire Exit Drill Seminar Prepared By: San Jose City Fire Station
- 3. A fire will double every 30 seconds under normal conditions. In as little as 3 minutes, a small fire can erupt into a “FLASHOVER”. A small fire can produce enough smoke to fill a building in minutes. Smoke results in: Teary eyes Choking sensation Impaired judgment due to Carbon Monoxide (CO) Loss of spatial recognition Sedation effect - Respiratory failure
- 4. Within minutes, air temperature in a burning room can reach 300 degrees Celsius. This temperature is hot enough to melt clothes, skin and scorch your lungs in one breathe. Most people who die in fires, die from breathing smoke and toxic gases. Carbon Oxide, Hydrogen Cyanide, Ammonia and hundreds of other irritants attack your eyes, nose, throat and lungs. They numb your senses and leave you dazed. Temperatures can climb to between 650-760 degrees Celsius.
- 5. Death by smoke inhalation
- 6. Burn victims of fire
- 7. 1.FUEL- Any material that produces flame burns. 2.HEAT- heat is a form of energy, measured in the egress of temperature to signify the intensity of heat. 3.OXYGEN- Air contains 21% oxygen; - at least 16% is required to sustain life and combustion.
- 9. Ordinary combustibles or fibrous material, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber and some plastics.
- 10. Flammable or combustible liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, paint, paint thinners and propane.
- 11. Energized electrical equipment, such as appliances, switches, panel boxes and power tools.
- 12. Certain combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, potassium and sodium. They may react violently with water or other chemicals, and must be handled with care.
- 13. Fires involving combustible cooking fluids such as oils and fats.
- 14. Different FUEL types mean different ways of extinguishment.
- 15. 3 Important Points of the Tetrahedron with regards to Fire Elements: • Creates fire • Extinguishes the fire • Eliminate the effects of one or more elements
- 20. Fire Extinguisher - is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations.
- 21. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY DATA PLATE CARRYING HANDLE PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL
- 23. PULL the pin AIM to nozzle or hose at the base of the fire SQUEEZE the lever SWEEP the nozzle from side to side until the fire is out When it is time to use the fire extinguisher, just remember PASS!
- 24. • Do not let go of the nozzle head • Do not hold the discharge lever when pulling the pin • Do not drop the fire extinguisher • Don’t forget to point at the base of the fire • Don’t forget to sweep the base of the fire
- 25. Activate the building alarm system or notify the fire department. Or, have someone else do this for you. Assist any person in immediate danger, or those incapable on their own, to exit the building, without risk to yourself. Only after these two are completed, should you Attempt to extinguish the fire.
- 26. The fire is small and contained You are safe from toxic smoke You have a means of escape Your instincts tell you it’s OK - familiar with extinguisher operation - extinguisher = fire type - confidence through training - a lot of COMMON SENSE
- 27. Emergency numbers Evacuation plan Building’s fire Alarm Participate in seminars, fire and evacuation drills Stay calm Presence of Mind –(lots of it) Be familiar with fire extinguishers