5. Matching the text type!
Directions: Match
informational text
excerpts to their
corresponding types.
6. ___1. "The majestic mountain, with its
snow-capped peak and lush green
slopes, towered over the valley below."
___2. "The city was facing a severe water
shortage due to the prolonged drought. To
address the issue, the government
implemented water conservation
measures."
___3. "First, gather all the necessary
ingredients. Next, preheat the oven to
350°F. Then, combine the flour, sugar, and
baking powder in a bowl."
A. CAUSE&EFFECT
B. COMPARE&CONTRAST
C. SEQUENCE
D. PROBLEM&SOLUTION
E. DESCRITPION
7. ___4. "Cats and dogs are both popular
pets, but they have significant
differences. Cats are typically more
independent, while dogs are often more
social."
___5. "The heavy rainfall caused flooding
in the coastal areas. As a result, many
homes were damaged."
A. CAUSE&EFFECT
B. COMPARE&CONTRAST
C. SEQUENCE
D. PROBLEM&SOLUTION
E. DESCRITPION
8. Informational text
is nonfiction writing, written
with the intention of informing
the reader about a specific
topic.
magazines, science or history
books, autobiographies, and
instruction manuals.
9. There are five (5) main ways to design a
text.
1. Description
2. Sequence
3. Compare/Contrast
4. Problem/Solution
5. Cause/Effect
10. 1. Description
- A text written using this structure provides
details or characteristic about a topic.
Key words include:
For instance, such as, for example, like,
an example…to illustrate, characteristic, include
It answers the question:
What is being described? What it is like? What is
important to remember?
11. 2. Sequence
- A text written using this structure
provides a sequence of events or steps in a
process.
Key words include:
First, next, then, finally, after, before, during,
now, last, in the middle, at the end
It answers the questions:
What events or steps do I take? What do I do
next? Do they always happen in this order?
12. 3. Compare/ Contrast
- A text written using this structure discusses the
similarities and differences between two or more
topics.
Key words include:
Both, same as, similar to, different, in contrast, in
comparison, alike, on the other hand, neither, unlike,
just like
It answers the questions:
What are the things are being compared? How are they
similar? How are they different?
13. 4. Problem/Solution
- a text written using this structure tells about a
problem and looks for solution.
Key words include:
The question is, to solve this, The solution is… problem,
issue, cause, fix, solve, therefore, as a result, leads to,
since, so, causes
It answers the questions:
What is the problem? How can we solve it?
14. 5. Cause/Effect
- A text written using this structure tells
about something that happened and why it
happened.
Key words include:
Cause, effect, as a result, because of, since, so,
consequently, due to, so then, therefore
It answers the questions:
What happened? Why did it happen? What
caused it to happen? What was the effect?
22. 1. The sun painted the sky with hues
of orange and pink as it dipped below
the horizon. The gentle breeze carried
the sweet scent of blooming flowers,
and the distant sound of waves
crashing against the shore filled the
air with a sense of tranquility.
23. 2. The city was facing a severe water
shortage due to the prolonged drought. To
address the issue, the government
implemented water conservation
measures, such as reducing water usage
in public areas and encouraging residents
to collect rainwater.
24. 3. First, gather all the necessary
ingredients. Next, preheat the oven to
350°F. Then, combine the flour,
sugar, and baking powder in a bowl.
Finally, pour the batter into a greased
baking pan and bake for 30 minutes.
25. 4. Cats and dogs are both popular pets,
but they have significant differences. Cats
are typically more independent and prefer
indoor environments, while dogs are often
more social and enjoy outdoor activities.
Both animals require love, attention, and
proper care.
26. 5. The heavy rainfall caused
flooding in the coastal areas.
As a result, many homes were
damaged, and residents were
forced to evacuate.
27. Remember!
Informational text is nonfiction writing, written with the intention
of informing the reader about a specific topic.
Five main ways to design a text: description,
problem&solution, cause&effect, sequence, compare&contrast
29. 1. The forest was a living canvas of color. The
towering trees stood tall, their leaves shimmering in
shades of green as sunlight filtered through the
canopy. Birds chirped melodiously from hidden
perches, and a gentle breeze carried the earthy scent
of moss and damp wood. Below, the ground was soft
with fallen leaves, each crunching softly underfoot as
the cool stream babbled gently, winding its way
through the undergrowth.
30. 2. The city has been facing severe traffic congestion,
especially during peak hours. This problem not only
causes delays but also increases air pollution due to
idling cars. One solution is to invest in a
comprehensive public transportation system, such as
an expanded subway and bus network. Additionally,
encouraging carpooling and introducing bike lanes
can help reduce the number of vehicles on the road.
Implementing these solutions can alleviate traffic and
improve air quality.
31. 3. To bake a cake, you must follow these steps: First,
preheat your oven to 350°F. Next, gather your
ingredients—flour, sugar, eggs, butter, and baking
powder. Mix the dry ingredients together in one bowl
and the wet ingredients in another. Then, combine the
two mixtures and stir until smooth. Pour the batter into
a greased pan and bake for 25 to 30 minutes. Finally,
remove the cake from the oven and let it cool before
serving.
32. 4. Cats and dogs are two of the most popular pets,
but they differ significantly in temperament and care.
Cats are generally more independent, requiring less
attention than dogs. They often spend much of their
time alone and are content with occasional
interaction. On the other hand, dogs are more social
and need regular exercise, companionship, and
training. While cats tend to be quieter and cleaner,
dogs are often more playful and protective, making
them better for families seeking an active pet.
33. 5. Heavy rainfall over the past week has led to severe
flooding in the region. As the rain continued, rivers
swelled beyond their banks, overflowing into nearby
streets and homes. The saturated ground could no
longer absorb the excess water, causing landslides in
hilly areas. This flooding has disrupted transportation
and forced many families to evacuate, showing the
direct effect of prolonged heavy rain on the
environment and community.
Editor's Notes
#3:Show a short video clip or a picture that represents different informational text types. Ask students to guess what type of text it is and why.
#4:1. decription
2. sequence
3. compare and contrast
4. cause and effect,
5. problem and solution
#8:It is typically found in magazines, science or history books,autobiographies and instruction manuals. They are written using special text features that allow the reader to easily find key information and understand the main topic.
autobiography: an account of a person's life written by that person.
#10:The author’s purpose is to teach the reader about a specific topic. Descriptive text is often found in books about nature and animals. The author is describing facts about a specific topic. They give details so the reader can visualize and learn from the text.
#11:The author’s purpose is to narrate a process or true story. The author aims to guide the reader from point A to point B.
#12:the author’s purpose is to highlight the similarities and differences between two (or more) subjects.
#13:Authors use “Problem & Solution” when they want to describe a problem and possible solutions.
#14:the author intends to explain a primary event and the events that follow it.
