Lesson 1.iNTRODUCTION TO tECHNICAL dRAFTING
- 1. Technical Drafting ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts
- 3. CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN TECHNICAL DRAFTING Individuals with technical drawing careers are known as drafters. They convert specifications and sketches created by architects and engineers into mechanical drawings and blueprints. Construction and production staff then use these plans to create structures and equipment. Drafters typically work indoors and regular business hours, although overtime is possible when project deadlines approach.
- 5. 1.USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT There are a great variety of drafting materials and tools used in technical drafting. The drafting materials and tools discussed in this module include most of the basic ones but sufficient enough for your initial understanding about mechanical drawing. A. Tools Triangles – they are usually made of transparent plastic which are used for drawing oblique and vertical lines.
- 6. Triangular Scales -English Scales -Metric Scales -they are made of wood, plastic or metal, which are used for drawing an object on a paper by scaling the sizes. Protractor -Is used for measuring and laying out arcs and circles as well as angles that cannot be measured with either the 45°or the 30° x 60° triangles. It is half-circle shaped instrument, made of transparent plastic used for guidin a draftsman in drawing different angles.
- 7. Compass -Is used for drawing arcs and circles. It is made of the lower portion of the pencil leg. It is removable and to be replaced when needed. The pen and the needle point leg are held together by a handle. T-square -Is an instrument used for drawing horizontal lines. It is also used to support the triangle for drawing vertical or inclined line.Are made of wood, plastic or metal. Two Main Parts of T-square Three kinds of T-square - The head - fixed heads - The blade - removable head - adjustable head
- 8. Drawing Pencil - one of the most important tool of a draftsman in drawing. Ruler -it is the most popular type of tool for measuring sizes and short distances. Erasing Shield -a thin sheet of metal used when erasing pencil and inked lines to protect other drawing lines.
- 9. Divider -This is a drawing instrument used when transferring measurements, dividing lines and arcs into the desired number of equal parts. Pencil Sharpener – shapes long pencil lead into a conical shape point. French curve - a flat drafting instrument with curved edges and several scroll shaped cutouts, used as a guide in drawing irregular curves when constructing graphs or making technical drawings.
- 10. Dusting brush – a tool used for dusting and cleaning drawings with dust and crumbs. Technical Pen - a pen used for inking lines in drawing. It comes in different points/sizes. Templates -a flat piece of plastic with standard symbols and used as guide for drawing architectural images on plans.
- 11. B. Materials Tracing Paper - thin transparent paper used for reproduction in blueprint. Masking tape - They are used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing board. Eraser - This is used to clean the dirt off the drawing. A soft eraser is advantageous in removing smudges and pencil marks, whereas, a harder eraser is useful for making changes and correcting errors in the drawing.
- 12. Sandpaper Block - serves as substitute instrument in sharpening a pencil into desired points. C. Equipment Drawing board/table – a board made of soft wood but with cleats of hard wood where the drawing paper is fastened with a draftsman’s tape. Drawing stool - a basic tool in drafting use is to give some height for the drafting table on the user when drawing. Drafting machine - a high technology machine for drawing purposes.
- 13. Proper Care of Drafting and other Materials Be sure to inspect tools before using them. This is to check if they are in working condition. This can be detected when there is ease and speed when in use. After using a tool, clean it thoroughly with a damp cloth. Wipe it dry with another piece of cloth before keeping it. When not in use, the T-square is preferably hung by inserting the hole to a nail (attached to a wall) at the end of its blade. Do not abuse or misuse any piece of drawing instruments. Avoid throwing a tool to anybody; instead, hand it over to him carefully. Avoid setting off the distances individually by moving the scale to a new position from time to time, because slight errors in the measurements may accumulate and give rise to a large error.
- 14. Avoid unnecessary sliding of T-square or triangles protect the drawing. Pick up the triangle by its tip and tilt the T-square blade upward slightly before moving. Do not pull too much the steel tape of pull-push rule to the coil spring to avoid damage. Oil the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag rules, calipers, dividers, and compasses to avoid stock-up. Report defective measuring tools and any hazard to instructor immediately. Gloves, masks and goggles are usually worn when cleaning tools since most cleaning agents and solutions are harmful to the body. Only use Cleaning agents as prescribed by the tool or equipment’s manufacturer. Cleaning the tools after use is highly recommended.