DRAFTING.pptx
- 1. T- square
- 2. COMPASS
- 3. PRORACTOR
- 5. TRIANGLES
- 6. THE HISTORY OF DRAFTING When did it start? DRAWING IN CAVE WALLS
- 8. VELLUM PAPER
- 11. DRAFTING- is the universal language of industry and modern technology through the application of special lines and symbols. MECHANICAL DRAFTING -Mechanical drafting is the process of creating drawings which communicate of how something can be constructed. It is a way of showcasing a 3D object on a 2D piece of paper and it shows how the model or part would look-like from each direction.
- 12. DRAFTING MATERIALS AND TOOLS, ITS USES/FUNCTIONS There is a great variety of drafting materials and tools used in mechanical drawing. The drafting materials and tools discussed in this home task include most of the basic ones but sufficient enough for your initial understanding about mechanical drawing. DRAWING INSTRUMENTS This tool is made up of metal with irregular holes. It is a useful tool to protect the rest of the drawing when clearing up smudges, unnecessary pencil lines and other erasures. Drawing instruments are used for drawing and designing purposes. Their quality is very essential if you want to have good result. Cheaper drawing tools and instruments do not only provide poor quality results but also do not last long. You have to observe proper handling and care of drawing instrument if you want them to function accurately.
- 13. Drawing paper- Various types of drawing papers are available for use but hard and soft surface drawing papers are highly recommended. This type does not groove easily when pressure is applied to the pencil. Oslo paper is commonly used but bond paper is also recommended.
- 14. Masking tape-This is used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table or drawing board because it does not damage the board and it will not damage the paper if it is removed by pulling it off.
- 15. Pencil sharpener- Pencils should be sharpened whenever they show sign of dullness. Various types and designs are available in the store for use.
- 16. Eraser- This is used to clean the dirt off the drawing. A soft eraser is advantageous in removing smudges and pencil marks, whereas, a harder eraser is useful for making changes and correcting errors in the drawing.
- 17. Drawing pencil- This is one of the most important tools in drawing. It comes in various grades. The grade of pencil to be used depends on the quality of paper to be used. You have to take into consideration also the type of line work required.
- 18. Hard pencils - are used where extreme accuracy is required especially working on graphs, diagrams and charts. Medium pencils - are used for general purpose work in drawing. Soft pencils - are too soft to be used in mechanical drafting. They are very useful for art work of various kinds.
- 19. Triangular Scales- This is a tool generally used when reproducing a drawing in an enlarged or reduced form to some regular proportion. The architect’s scale is the most commonly used for general drawing. Its main function is to reproduce the measurements of an object in full size, reduced size, and enlarged size.
- 20. Erasing Shield- This tool is made up of metal with irregular holes. It is a useful tool to protect the rest of the drawing when clearing up smudges, unnecessary pencil lines and other erasures.
- 21. T-Square- It is a drawing instrument used when making horizontal lines. It is also used for guiding triangles when drawing vertical lines. It is made of wood, plastic or the combination of both.
- 22. There are three (3) types of T- square,namely: 1. Fixed Head. The head is fastened to the blade. It is used for ordinary work. 2. Movable Head or Adjustable Head. It has one fixed and one adjustable head and used only for occasional drawing. 3. Detachable Head or Removable Head. It is designed for comfort when carrying the T- square.
- 23. Triangle- It is a three-sided ruler, which typically has two equal sides meeting at a 90 degree angle and to a third side at 45, 30, including 60 degree angles. It is usually made of plastic and comes in different sizes. If in use, the base of the triangle must rest on the blade of the T-square. Drawing a line always starts from the point near the base going upward.
- 24. Commonly used triangles are: a. 30 degrees X 60 degrees b. 45 degrees X 45 degrees
- 25. Compass- This drawing instrument is used when drawing arcs and circles. It is used in a similar way to a divider. It is composed of one with the pen leg and the needle point leg being held together with a handle. This drawing instrument can be used for both pencil and inking.
- 26. Divider- This is a drawing instrument used when transferring measurements, dividing lines and arcs into the desired number of equal parts. It can easily transfer accurate measurements by adjusting the divider points. Constant correct practice is necessary before doing an actual work for a quick and easy control when use.
- 27. Protractor- It is a semi- circular instrument divided into 180 equal parts, each of which is called a degree. It is used to determine gradations of the degrees when. Protractor measuring arcs, angles and circles. High quality protractor is usually made of plastic.
- 28. Drawing Table- A drafting equipment where the drawing paper is being attached on its flat surface to do drafting works. The board of a drawing table is positioned at an angle of considerable degree which will make the draftsman comfortable in doing his drafting jobs. Some of the drawing boards are adjustable which it can be placed parallel to the ground to cover its compartment. The desks surface should be kept clean to get rid of pencil graphite
- 29. Computers are considered necessities now a day. The types of computers we use either at home or at work comes in different names such as workstations, microcomputers, personal computer, desktops and laptops. In technical drafting, computers are very essential equipment to create, modify, analyse, or optimize drawings through Computer-aided design (CAD), also known as computer-aided drafting (CAD) or computer-aided design and drafting (CADD). CAD is a powerful software for technical drafting. This is used to accumulate the draftsman’s productivity, improve the quality of design, produce a database for manufacturing and improve communications through documentation. A draftsman should know how to manipulate the CAD software installed in the computer to make his designed object more presentable and modify traditional drafting.
- 30. THANKYOU !