Lesson 1 skeletal system
- 1. Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1 Skeletal System
- 2. Lesson 1 – Skeletal & Muscular Systems This lesson provides the underpinning knowledge relating to the structure and function of the skeletal system. To achieve this unit you must be able to explain: The structure and function of the skeletal system, bone growth, joint structure, tissue types, categorisation of bones and long/ short term effects of exercise on the skeletal system
- 3. Session 1 Aims & Objectives Label the Major Bones of the Skeleton Label and explain the function of the Vertebral Column Explain the 5 functions of the skeleton Identify the Axial & Appendicular Skeleton
- 4. Activity 1 – Label Fred
- 6. Axial Skeleton Forms the main axis or core of the skeletal system Comprises of Vertabral column (spine) Cranium (skull) Thoracic (rib cage)
- 8. Appendicular Skeleton Forms the appendages of the limbs Comprises of the shoulder girdle & the pelvic girdle Clavicle (collar bone) Scapula (shoulder blade) Arms Pelvic bone Legs
- 10. Functions of the Skeleton What are the 5 main functions of the Skeleton?
- 11. WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BONES AND THE SKELETON ? MOVEMENT PROTECTION THE PRODUCTION OF BLOOD SUPPORT/POSTURE MINERAL STORAGE
- 12. Functions of the Skeleton - Summary 3. Blood Production Red blood cells are made in the ribs and limb bones. 6. Protection The rib cage protects the delicate heart and lungs. 7. Mineral Storage The bones act as reservoirs storing vital minerals such as calcium 5. Support The vertebrae support the head. 4. Support The bones of the legs support the body. 1. Protection The cranium protects the soft tissue of the brain. 2. Movement The vertebrae allow us to bend, stretch and rotate our body.
- 13. Protection The hard nature of bone means that the skeleton can protect the more delicate parts of the body. Examples : The cranium (skull) protects the soft tissue of the brain. The rib cage protects the delicate heart and lungs.
- 14. Without the skeleton, the body would be flabby and shapeless . Examples: The bones of the legs support the body. The vertebrae support the head. Support
- 15. The skeleton is jointed to allow us to move when the muscles attached to them contract. Example: The bones and joints work with muscles to enable us to walk, jog and sprint. Movement The vertebrae allow us to bend, stretch and rotate our body.
- 16. Red and white blood cells are made in red bone marrow which is found at the ends of the femur and humerus and in the ribs, sternum, pelvis and vertebrae. Femur : Located in the upper part of the leg. Humerus : Located in the upper part of the arm. Blood Cell Production Red Bone Marrow
- 17. Mineral Storage The bones act as reservoirs for vital minerals. Such as Calcium And phosphorous
- 18. Bone Growth In the embryo bone starts as cartilage which is firm but elastic material As the embryo grows the cartilage is changed to bone this process is called ossification As a baby develops into early childhood and into adulthood bones become hard, rigid and non elastic Calcium compounds give bones their strength and hardness, collagen fibres make them light.
- 19. Diagram of Bone Growth
- 20. Closer Look at bone growth
- 22. Activity 2 Complete work sheet 2 on The skeletal system
- 23. WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BONES AND THE SKELETON ? RECAP PROTECTION SUPPORT MOVEMENT BLOOD PRODUCTION MINERAL STORAGE