Lesson 17 nervous and endocrine system
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The document discusses the nervous and endocrine systems, detailing the types of neurons, neural circuits, and brain structures. It highlights the differences between the nervous and endocrine systems in terms of signaling and response times. Additionally, it provides a brief overview of human body systems and their functions.
Lesson 17 nervous and endocrine system
- 1. Nervous and Endocrine SystemBy: Mr. Nikko Lorenz Lawsin
- 2. For you to do: Memory Game Study the following objects for 10 minutes. Then turn to the next slide.
- 3. Check all the objects you found on previous slide without looking back.
- 4. How smart is Your Right Foot? This is a funny activity. It will boggle your mind. Try it while sitting at your desk. 1.Lift your right foot off the floor. 2.Rotate it in circles CLOCKWISE many times. 3.While doing this, draw the number “6” in the air with your RIGHT finger. What happens? Has your foot changed in direction? Why?______________________________
- 7. Kinds of Neurons Sensory / Afferent Neuron – transmit impulses from receptors (parts that receive stimuli) to Central Nervous System (CNS). Associating / Interneuron – transmits impulses from sensory to motor neurons (within CNS) Motor / Efferent Neuron – transmits impulses from CNS to effectors (parts that exhibits response or reaction to stimuli).
- 8. Kinds of Nerve FibersMyelinated – covered with myelin sheath, an adipose tissue which protects nerve fibers. Non-myelinated – does not covered by myelin sheath
- 9. Gray Matter – non myelinated (important in decision making) White Matter – myelinated (important in immediate response) Reflexes that require immediate response is processed in spinal cord.
- 11. GliaNumerous cells of the Nervous System with specific functions
- 12. Types of Neural Circuit
- 13. 1.Convergent – impulses coming from different sources moves in the same neurons
- 14. 2. Divergent – impulses moves either in the same or multiple pathways in transmitted in different neurons.
- 15. 3. Oscillation/Reverberation – it is the circumnavigation of impulses among neurons.
- 16. 4. Parallel after-discharge – consists both of convergent and divergent circuit. It involves during complex mental processes.
- 17. Nervous System Central nervous system (CNS) where integration takes place; this includes the brain and a nerve cord. Peripheral nervous system (PNS), which brings information into and out of the CNS.
- 18. Nervous System
- 19. Survey of Nervous System
- 20. Survey of Nervous System
- 21. Invertebrates usually have a ventral nerve cord while vertebrates have a dorsal spinal cord.
- 22. The central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain are hollow and filled with cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid is filtered from blood and functions to cushion the brain and spinal cord.
- 23. Human Brain
- 24. Cerebrum• The cerebrum has right and left cerebral hemispheres both perform complex processes.
- 27. Diencephalon Epithalamus includes the pineal gland and generates cerebrospinal fluid from blood. Thalamus is the main input center for sensory information to the cerebrum and the main output center for motor information leaving the cerebrum. Hypothalamus regulates homeostasis and basic survival behaviors such as feeding, fighting, fleeing, and reproducing.
- 28. Brainstem midbrain contains centers for receipt and integration of sensory information. pons regulates breathing centers in the medulla. medulla oblongata contains centers that control several functions including breathing, cardiovascular activity, swallowing, vomiting, and digestion.
- 30. Cerebellum The cerebellum is important for coordination and error checking during motor, perceptual, and cognitive functions. It is also involved in learning and remembering motor skills.
- 31. 1 2 3 4
- 33. Nervous System • Cranial nerves originate in the brain and mostly terminate in organs of the head and upper body.
- 35. Nervous System • Spinal nerves originate in the spinal cord and extend to parts of the body below the head.
- 36. Endocrine SystemAllows secretion of hormones, chemical signals that are secreted into the circulatory system and communicate regulatory messages within the body. Hormones reach all parts of the body, but only target cells are equipped to respond. Secreted chemical signals include Hormones, Local regulators, Neurotransmitters, Neurohormones, Pheromones Review: Endocrine vs. Exocrine
- 39. To decrease blood sugar INSULIN To increase blood sugar GLUCAGON NORMAL RANGE
- 40. Points of Difference Nervous System Endocrine System Types of Control Mechanical (Neurotransmitters) Chemical (Hormones) Respond Faster and brief Slower but long-lasting Carried by Nerve cells Blood Message sent to Specific cell or tissue Throughout the body Received by Effector (Target tissue or organ) Target Organ Comparison of Nervous and Endocrine
- 41. Summary of Body System ENDOCRINE DIGESTIVE CIRCULATORY NERVOUS RESPIRATORY URINARY LYMPHATIC REPRODUCTIVE MUSCULAR SKELETAL INTEGUMENTARY (frog)