Lesson 2 - sentence structure - 20140428
- 2. Review • Tone and Rhythm. • Self Introduction. • Listening and Responding.
- 3. Pronunciation ① Jack and Jill went up the hill to fetch a pail of water. ② Jack fell down and broke his crown and Jill came tumbling after. ③ The river is running wild with salmon. ④ The thesaurus helps you think carefully for thoughtful words. ⑤ I suggest the zesty Italian salad with red wine vinegar and gorgonzola cheese. ⑥ I went to Wall-Mart to reassess the red revolving door purchase.
- 4. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY • Who are we talking about? 누구에 대해 이야기 하고 있는가? • What happened? 무슨 일이 일어났는가? • When did it happen? 언제 일어났는가? • Where did it happen? 어디서 일어났는가? • How did it happen? 어떻게 일어났는가? • Why did it happen? 왜 일어났는가?
- 5. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY Lesson 2: All basic sentences require a WHO and WHAT. ① John ate breakfast. ② The bus hit the tree. ③ We sat on chairs. ④ She threw the ball. ⑤ I fell off the bed. ⑥ They went downstairs.
- 6. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY Lesson 3: WHEN WHERE HOW WHY are optional. But are necessary to write a more complete sentence. ① John called earlier to cancel his appointment. ② John ate breakfast this morning on the train because he was late. ③ The bus returned to the station to drop off the passengers. ④ The bus hit the tree with great force. ⑤ We called home last night from Whistler, Canada by pay phone because we needed a ride home. ⑥ I am so tired of eating green beans every day during lunch at school.
- 7. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY Lesson 4: If one of these elements is composed of different descriptions, go from the smallest to the largest. ① I live in a small apartment in Seoul, South Korea. ② The conference starts at 10am every morning this week. ③ I have been working out every day for the last 6 months. ④ We come from a small village on an island just southeast of India. ⑤ As professional bodybuilders we must eat a small meal every 3 hours everyday for 6 months during competition to make sure we stay fit. ⑥ Bob likes to eat McDonalds every minute of every hour of everyday.
- 8. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY Lesson 5: You may occasionally hear a sentence start with an element other than “Who”. This happens when you want to emphasize that element, and your voice should emphasize it as well. In written form you must separate that element from the sentence with a comma. Make sure there is a good reason for emphasizing the element that you are putting at the beginning of the sentence, or you will sound unnatural.
- 9. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY “Where” at the beginning of the sentence: • John ate breakfast on the train this morning because he was late. • On the train, John ate breakfast this morning because he was late. (Unnatural) • On the train, John felt fine, but at the office, he felt sick. (Natural)
- 10. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY “When” at the beginning of the sentence: • John called earlier to cancel his appointment. • Earlier, John called to cancel his appointment. (Unnatural) • Earlier, John felt sick, but now, he is alright. (Natural)
- 11. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY “How” at the beginning of the sentence: • The bus hit the tree with great force. • With great force, the bus hit the tree. (Unnatural) • The bus swerved, and with great force, hit the tree. (Natural)
- 12. WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY “Why” at the beginning of the sentence: • The bus returned to the station to drop off the passengers. • To drop off the passengers, the bus returned to the station. (Unnatural) • To drop off the passengers safely, the bus returned to the station. (Natural)