Lesson 3 phases of neural dvelopment
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This document discusses the phases of neural development involved in learning. It explains that synaptogenesis, the formation of synapses, occurs rapidly from 2 months before birth until age 2. Experience plays a role in neural development by strengthening synaptic connections through processes like long-term potentiation. Studies show that animals raised in enriched environments develop more synapses and dendrites compared to those raised in impoverished conditions, supporting Hebb's theory that "neurons that fire together wire together." The document also outlines the roles of neurotransmitters like glutamate, dopamine, and acetylcholine in learning.
Lesson 3 phases of neural dvelopment
- 1. PHASES OF NEURAL DEVELOPMENT IN LEARNING Lesson 3: Phases of Neural Development Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 2. Revision a) Identify and explain 5 key areas of the brain thought to be involved in learning (5 marks) Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 3. Outcomes (What you need to know and be able to do) • Explain the neural pathways involved in learning, synapse formation, and the roles of various neurotransmitters Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 4. Why is learning important............ Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 5. Why is learning important............ It is crucial to SURVIVAL Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 6. Donald Hebb (1946) Theorised that when two neurons are jointly activated they become more closely linked ʻneurons that fire together wire togetherʼ This creates neural pathways (neural circuits) which are an interconnected groups of neurons organised as a network that is active during the learning process Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 7. Zygote (single cell) Cells multiply They differentiate (become specialised) Cells must form relationships with cells around them - They form synapses in a process called synaptogenesis Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 8. Synaptogensis Synaptogensis occurs throughout a healthy person’s lifetime This happens rapidly from 2months before birth - 2years of age Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 9. Effects of Experience on Neural Development Genetics alone do not determine neural development Experience plays a part in neural development Hebb proposed that use of neurons improved their function ‘Use it or loose it’ Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 10. Studies Supporting the Hebb idea Animals reared in the dark (Cragg, 1976) were found to have fewer synapses and fewer dendrites in their visual cortices Rats raised in a enriched environment show greater synapse formation and grater dendrite development Kandel’s research and LTP theory Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 11. What is LTP again.......... Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 12. What is LTP again.......... The long-lasting strengthening of synaptic connections resulting in enhanced function of neurons along a neural pathway whenever activated Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 13. What is LTP again.......... The long-lasting strengthening of synaptic connections resulting in enhanced function of neurons along a neural pathway whenever activated LTP is a crucial mechanism of learning: Learning may not be possible without it Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 14. The role of neurotransmitters in learning NT’s involved in learning: Glutamate: Strengthens connections at the synapse during learning Dopamine: May be involved through rewarding ‘pleasure’ experience. Acetylcholine: Present in some learning experiences but specific role unclear Thursday, 21 June 2012
- 15. Activity 1 - Create a poster 1. Hand draw or use a computer program to represent the following: - Create a flow chart to show the neural steps involved in learning (Include the following: the creation of new pathways, synaptogenesis, neurotransmitters) Thursday, 21 June 2012