Lesson 6- Enculturation and Socialization.pdf
- 1. ENCULTURATION AND SOCIALIZATION L E S S O N 6
- 3. • Self is a product of social process • Self emerges from social interaction such as socialization and enculturation • Socialization refers to a lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture. Agents of Socialization: family, friends, school, church, socio-civic group, interest group
- 4. Socialization • Socialization generally refers to the process of social influence through which a person acquires the culture or subculture of his/her group, and in the course of acquiring these cultural elements, the individual's self and personality are shaped. • Socialization is very important to the life process of an individual because it enables a person to learn the different cultural languages, norms, values, and one’s role in the society in order to fit the group.
- 5. Enculturation • Enculturation is the process by which people learn the requirements of their surrounding culture and acquire the values and behaviors appropriate or necessary in that culture. • Enculturation can be defined as the process of learning with the help of which an individual grasps the rules, norms, and values of a particular culture or society of which he/she is a part of. • Here, learning means understanding and acquiring the traditional content of the culture observing the other members of the society, such as parents, family, teachers, friends, acquaintances, relatives, etc., getting instructions from elders, and experiencing things as they take place.
- 6. • Enculturation is a process of socialization to maintain the norms of one’s heritage and culture, including the salient values, ideas, and concepts. • To understand more about enculturation, we can say that Filipinos give more importance to their cultural values despite the challenges we are facing.
- 7. Acculturation • It refers to the cultural transformation of an individual or a group to adapt according to another culture. • Acculturation means the cultural contact and interchange process wherein a human being adopts, learns and adjust to some or great extent as per the values, rules, patterns and practices of a new or prevailing culture in the society, which is not their native culture. • Acculturation is primarily found amongst the people who migrate from different countries, who try to incorporate the new culture in their lives. It takes place when people belong to different culture comes into contact with one another, wherein the people adopt traits of a new culture or take part in another culture.
- 8. Enculturation • Enculturation is the culture learning process in which an individual comes to know about the rules, values and behavioral patterns of his/her own native culture. • Enculturation is the first and foremost introduction of a person to the culture, which takes place just after birth. • In enculturation, a person learns or acquires one’s own culture, to which he/she belongs. Acculturation • Acculturation refers to a process of cultural learning wherein the members of a particular cultural group get influenced by another culture, by coming in contact with it and adopts it to some or great extent. • Acculturation is the subsequent familiarization with different cultures. • In acculturation, one’s culture is subsumed by another culture.
- 9. Three Goals of Socialization (accdording to J. Arnett) 1. Socialization teaches impulse control and helps individuals develop a conscience. 2. Socialization teaches individuals how to prepare for and perform certain social roles- occupational roles, gender roles, and the roles of institutions such as marriage and parenthood. 3. Socialization cultivates shared sources of meaning and value. People learn to identify what is important and valued within a particular culture.
- 14. • Through cultural learning, individuals have a chance to communicate and imitate the behavior of other people. • A good example is the millennials in our country who have easily adopted the cultural learning of other countries especially Korean culture.They love eating Korean food, watching K-dramas, listening to K-pop music, even imitating the fashion style and dance moves of their favorite Korean pop artists
- 18. Mead andThe Development of the Social Mind (SELF) • Self (according to George Herbert Mead) develops through social interactions. • In the absence of social interactions, a person may develop as a biological entity, but he or she will be without the sociality that makes individuals full- pledged members of their society. • Feral children- are human children who have lived away from human contact from a very young age, and have little or no experience of human care, loving or social behavior, and, crucially, of human language. Feral children are confined by humans (often parents), brought up by animals, or live in the wild in isolation.
- 19. 4 Stage Process of the development of the self (according. to Mead) 1. Imitation 2. Play (gain an understanding of the different social roles) 3. Game (organization and definite personalities start to emerge) 4. Generalized others
- 20. Identities and Identity Formation ❑ Identity formation- development of an individual’s distinct personality. ❑ Individuals gain social identity and group identity by social affiliations. ❑ Self-concept is the sum of a being’s knowledge and understanding of his or herself. ❑ Cultural identity is one’s feeling of identity or affiliation with a group or culture. ❑ Ethnic identity is the identification with a certain ethnicity. ❑ National identity is an ethical and philosophical concept whereby all humans are divided into groups called nations. ❑ Religious identity is the set of beliefs and practices generally held by an individual involving adherence to beliefs and rituals.
- 21. Status and Roles • Status refers to a social position that a person holds. • A person’s status can either be ascribed (given) or achieved (accomplished). • An ascribed status is a social position a person receives at birth or takes on involuntarily in life. (example: being a son, a Filipino, a teenager, and a widower) • An achieved status refers to a social position a person takes on voluntarily that reflects personal identity and effort. (example: honor student, boxing champion, nurse, software writer, thief) • The term status set refers to all statuses a person holds at a given time
- 22. Status and Roles • Role refers to the behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status. • A person holds a status and performs a role. (example: if you have the status of a student, you must perform the role of attending classes and completing requirements) • Role set refers to a number of roles attached to a single status • Role strain – conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses.