Lesson 7- Conformity and Deviance. Conformity and Deviance Conformity and Deviancepdf
- 2. ❑ Every society has a form of social control - a set of means that ensure people behave in expected and approved ways. ❑ All norms, whether written or not are supported by sanctions: reward for conformity and punishments for non conformity. ❑ Conformity the state of having internalized norms as part of the social expectation. ❑ As individuals and groups conform to an established norm, the norm then becomes a convention.
- 3. CONFORMITY • Conformity is a type of social influence involving a change in belief or behavior to fit in or align their attitudes and behaviors with the people they interact or socialized with. • It also gives a sense of identity and belongingness that enables a person to feel accepted in a certain group. • Social conformity can influence changes in an individual’s behavior or opinions to be accepted.These changes may be due to pressure from a social group the individual wants to be accepted. • There are different situations when people conform; psychologists have categorized three main types of conformity as compliance, identification, and internalization.
- 4. • Compliance means conforming to a rule or fulfilling a desire, demand, proposal, regimen, or coercion. It is the weakest form of conformity. Here, a person usually goes along with the view of the majority, but he/she still privately maintains his/her own point of view. • Identification is a process by which an individual aspires to pattern himself/herself after another, but only while he/she is in the presence of the other person. It is the middle level of conformity and is usually a short-term change. Here an individual changes his/her behavior and beliefs, not permanently, due to the influence of someone he/she likes or admires but it does not necessarily result in a change of a person’s private belief.
- 5. • Internalization is the acceptance and incorporation of the standard or belief of other persons or of the society by the individual. It is the deepest level of conformity. It is usually a long-term change as the person changes his/her public behavior and private beliefs.When the views of the group are adopted, they are taken at a permanent level. Here, an individual becomes a part of a person’s way of viewing the world.
- 6. DEVIANCE • Deviance is a behavior that violates expected rules and norms. • Deviance is nonconformity or a behavior that departs significantly from social expectations. • What is deviant to one group may not be considered deviant to another. • Deviance is divided into two types: formal and informal 1. Formal deviance includes actions that violate enacted laws, such as robbery, theft, graft, rape, and other forms of criminality. 2. Informal deviance refers to violation to social norms that are not categorized into law, such as pricking one’s nose, burping loudly, and spitting on the street, among others.
- 7. • Deviance is a violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. • In our society at present, many deviant acts are committed because of poverty, unemployment, and financial crisis. People tend to violate the cultural and social norms of the society they value to enable them to survive. Because of this, each society has implemented laws to lessen the number of people committing acts of deviance.
- 8. EFFECTS OF DEVIANCE ON SOCIETY • People become deviant because they want to follow their desire, or sometimes their deviant behavior might be the results of problems they encounter in the society. • Other effects of deviance which are not necessarily harmful but may actually be beneficial to society are as follow: 1. It is one way that social change occurs. 2. It helps people adjust to change. 3. It has a way of promoting social solidarity by distinguishing “us” from “them”. 4. It provides a way in which some individuals and groups can introduce their agendas to the rest of the society, and elevate their status while doing it.
- 9. DEVIANT BEHAVIOR • Sexual intercourse • Kama Sutra • Crime • Homosexuality • Witchcraft
- 10. STRAIN THEORY BY ROBERT MERTON • StrainTheory is one of the most well-known explanations about deviant behavior. • Developed by famed American sociologist Robert K. Merton.The theory states that social structures may pressure citizens to commit crimes. • Forms of Deviance a) Conformity- they follow the rules of society. b) Ritualism- It is the regular observance or practice of rituals (staying in dead-end jobs) c) Retreatism- complete rejection of norms (drug addicts, alcoholics, insane) d) Rebellion- it happens because of frustration on the existing system and promotes change e) Innovation- use of unadvised or illegal methods to achieve social goals.
- 11. SOCIAL CONTROL • Social control- a mechanism by which the social behavior of people is controlled by rules to maintain order or to re-establish order. Mechanism of Social Control 1. Labeling 2. Gossip 3. Laws