lesson summary for l4567.pptKL;;;;LKJHHHHJKLLKx
- 3. INFORMATIVE WRITING • informs the reader about a specific topic • usually nonfiction • typically found in magazines, science or history books, autobiographies, and instruction manuals • written using special text features that allow the reader to find the necessary information and understand the main topic
- 4. Purposes of Informative Writing ● to inform ● to raise awareness ● to educate
- 5. FEATURES OF INFORMATIVE TEXTS Feature Purpose Table of Contents Helps the reader see major parts of the book along with page numbers and locate information and see main topics or main points Glossary Helps the reader quickly find a key term from an alphabetical list Index Helps to quickly find pages that contain information the reader is looking for Keywords Defines key terms for the reader to better learn and understand the subject
- 6. Diagram Helps the reader understand a more detailed or simplified view of information Chart/Graph /Table Aims to organize large amounts of information Map Helps the reader understand where an event happens Timeline Shows the order of events and how one event may have led to another. Graphics /Illustrations Helps the reader understand information in a visual way
- 7. Bold/Italics Signifies that the word is important Title Shows the topic of the text Subheading Divides the text into sections Caption Helps the reader understand what is shown in the photo or illustration Sidebar Helps the reader understand interesting facts or important information the author wants the reader to know
- 8. Structure and Organization Informative writing is used to present information to readers without showing any partiality. Its purpose is to raise the reader’s awareness about a topic and educate the reader by providing knowledge that the reader can utilize in making a sound judgement.
- 9. An informative text begins with a thesis statement, general classification, or definition. The body lists a sequence of supporting or related factual information about the topic. The text ends with a concluding statement.
- 10. In terms of organization, informative writing presents information logically (by date/time or order of importance), categorically (by definition or theme), or contextually (by compare/contrast or historical/contemporary).
- 12. Me: You:
- 13. JOURNALISTIC WRITING • a style of writing used to report news stories in newspapers, even in television broadcasts, on radio, or on the Internet • written in short sentences and paragraphs and quickly gets to the point Purposes of Journalistic Writing ● gives readers information ● can also entertain ● can be persuasive without choosing sides, maintaining the balance between two opposing ideas
- 14. STRUCTURE OF A JOURNALISTIC TEXT
- 15. Other journalistic articles such as feature articles and opinion/editorial articles do not necessarily subscribe to the inverted pyramid, as features can be more flexible to suit the interests of the reader.
- 16. Features of Journalistic Texts 1. A journalistic text has a catchy headline to grab the reader’s attention. 2. A journalistic text starts with a lead. This paragraph contains the 5 Ws (who, what, when, where, and why) and identifies the basic information the readers should know. 3. The main body of journalistic text is written in paragraphs. 4. The body of a journalistic text should include direct or indirect quotes to support the facts it presents. 5. A journalistic text is written in third person and avoids personal opinion and bias. 6. Since journalistic reports happen in the past, they are generally written in the past tense.
- 17. 7. Pictures with captions are often included in the text as support. 8. Journalistic texts should answer the following questions: What is the latest? What is happening to the people involved now?
- 18. LITERARY WRITING • entertains or tells a story • may also contain beliefs or political messages • considered works of art • not bound by the need to provide correct information (like informative texts) or objectivity and fairness (like journalistic texts) • mostly fictional • can also contain or be based on facts • serves to entertain the audience, appealing to their creative and emotional side
- 19. Purposes of Literary Writing ● To entertain and inform leisurely ● To express emotions ● To appeal primarily to the emotions
- 20. LITERARY WRITING • language used in this type is creative and imaginative • also uses literary techniques like hyperbole, personification, simile, and metaphor
- 21. COMMON ELEMENTS OF A LITERARY TEXT Element Description Setting The time and place in which a story takes place Mood The atmosphere or feeling and emotions of a literary work Characters The individuals whose thoughts and actions make up a story. They are either the protagonist or antagonist, or they can also be flat, static, dynamic, or round characters. Plot This is the sequence of events in a story, from the Exposition, to the Rising Action, to the Climax, Falling Action, and the Resolution or Denouement. Theme Refers to the message or lesson that the author is trying to convey in the story.
- 22. Subplot This is another story within the main plot of the story, usually added to give clarity to the events in the plot. Conflict This is the main struggle of characters in the story. It could be one of the following: 1) A character vs. another character; 2) A character vs. Nature; 3) A character vs. destiny or supernatural forces; or 4) A character vs. himself or herself. Conflicts reach their peak at the Climax of a plot and usually get resolved at the end of the story.
- 23. COMMON LITERARY TECHNIQUES Flashbacks • scenes that are suddenly inserted in a narrative, taking the story back to a time before its current point • often serve to fill in a crucial backstory or recount events before the story’s primary sequence of events.
- 24. Foreshadowing • a literary device used by writers to provide an insight of what is to come in a later part of the story • often appears at the beginning of a story or a chapter in the story • helps the reader develop expectations about a story’s upcoming events Common Literary Techniques
- 25. Imagery and figurative language • create visual representations of actions, objects, and ideas in our mind • appeal to our physical senses • Examples are similes, metaphors, hyperbole, irony, personification, alliteration, and allegory.
- 26. Structure of a Literary Text A literary text might have complex sentence structure and linguistic aspects like dialects and ambiguity.
- 27. The most significant difference between literary writing and other styles of writing is literary writing uses figurative language. Literary texts have lasting value and artistic merit. Identification of such writings or works varies among cultures and societies.