Linux Operating System (Graduate Level CIS Term Paper)

Linux Operating System (graduate level CIS term paper)
1. What Is Linux?
Linux is an operating system that was initially created as a hobby by a young student, Linus
Torvalds, at the University of Helsinki in Finland. Linus had an interest in Minix, a small UNIX
system, and decided to develop a system that exceeded the Minix standards. He began his work in
1991 when he released version 0.02 and worked steadily until 1994 when version 1.0 of the Linux
Kernel was released. The current full–featured version is 2.4 (released January 2001) and
development continues.
Linux is developed under the GNU General Public License and its source code is freely available to
everyone. This however, doesn't mean that Linux and its assorted distributions are free ––
companies and developers may charge money ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Process management creates processes, and implements multitasking by switching the active
process on the processor.
At the lowest level, the kernel contains a hardware device driver for each kind of hardware it
supports. Since the world is full of different kinds of hardware, the number of hardware device
drivers is large. There are often many otherwise similar pieces of hardware that differ in how they
are controlled by software. The similarities make it possible to have general classes of drivers that
support similar operations; each member of the class has the same interface to the rest of the kernel
but differs in what it needs to do to implement them. For example, all disk drivers look alike to the
rest of the kernel, i.e., they all have operations like `initialize the drive', `read sector N', and `write
sector N'.
Some software services provided by the kernel itself have similar properties, and can therefore be
abstracted into classes. For example, the various network protocols have been abstracted into one
programming interface, the BSD socket library. Another example is the virtual filesystem (VFS)
layer that abstracts the filesystem operations away from their implementation. Each filesystem type
provides an implementation of each filesystem operation. When some entity tries to use a
filesystem, the request goes via the VFS, which routes the request to the proper filesystem driver.
3. Linux Distributions
1.Debian :
Debian official

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Website Migration Project
Website Migration Project
Strayer University
Introduction
Tony's Chips is a medium sized enterprise that aims to enhance its operations through e commerce.
The company aims to migrate from its current externally hosted website to a new e commerce
system that will be hosted internally. The new system will provide data storage, retrieval, security
and recovery solutions for the enterprise. It will also enable the company to perform commercial
transactions through the website. The new system is expected to improve on the operational
reliability provided by the existing system. The company also aims to adopt a system that will
provide better data integrity facilities. The firm's management views a redundant system as offering
the most ideal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Microsoft's internet information services (IIS) is one such solution. This webs server is designed to
run on Windows server platforms. Consequently, it integrates well with Microsoft's online
applications. It features an intuitive graphical user interface that simplifies its installation and use.
However, the costs of installing new versions of this web server are high. In addition, its restriction
to the Microsoft server OS platform inhibits system flexibility. An alternative to IIS is the Apache
web server. This is an open sourced application that can be implemented on a wide variety of
operating system platforms. Apache's integration of a pearl and PHP engine facilitates easy
integration with the application programming interface (Gunther, 2006). In addition, this web server
is available for free. This makes it a cost effective alternative. Further, Apache's event–driven
architecture enables it to perform ideally even under heavy loads. However, Apache usage involves
a relatively strenuous learning curve. The software's complexity may present an obstacle to its use
by new users. Another web server that can be adopted for use in this project is Nginx. This server is
easy to use as well as stable. It is also based on an event driven architecture. This architecture makes
it an efficient user of system resources even under heavy loads (Tanenbaum, 2001). Nginx's ease of
installation, configuration, and use make it a viable alternative for adoption in

Linux: the Kernal and Shell Essay examples
Linux: The Kernel And Shell
Josh Harkey
AIU Online
Abstract
This manual has been written to explore the many distributions of Linux. It will define some of the
components of the OS as they relate to the shell and kernel. It will also go over some of the more
popular distributions of Linux and the shells. Finally, it will give a brief overview of some useful
commands that can be used in the bash shell.
Linux: The Kernel and Shell It is important to know some the inner workings of an operating system
to help better understand how they and why they are beneficial. This is one of the reasons for this
manual. It will also give a better understanding of some of the more popular distributions of Linux.
The Kernel And Shell As They ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a result, Linux offers the user a way to have an OS that comes with more functionality, and in an
environment that can be customized for the task at hand.
Five Common Distributions
Since Linux is allowed to be changed by its users there are more than 600 distributions available.
Here is a list of five of the most commonly used.
FEDORA– fedoraproject.org (2013) states, "fedora is fast, stable, and powerful operating system for
everyday use built by a worldwide community." This distribution is most commonly used by
developers and Linux enthusiast.
DEBIAN– debian.org (2013) states, "Debian provides more than a pure OS: it comes with over
37,500 packages, pre compiled software bundled up in a nice format for easy installation on your
machine." It is one of the oldest distributions still in active development, and is often the base for
newer distributions. People that have a passion for Linux enjoy Debian. openSUSE– according to
opensuse.org (2013), " The openSUSE distribution is a stable, way to use and complete multi–
purpose distribution.it is aimed towards users and developers working on desktop or server." This
distribution is generally used in an enterprise environment, and is sponsored by Novell. It is known
for its ease of use on the surface and advanced options further in.
LINUX MINT– linuxmint.com (2013) states, "The purpose of Linux mint is to produce a modern,
elegant and comfortable operating system which is both powerful

Ms Windows vs. Unix/Linux
MS Windows vs. Unix/Linux
University of Phoenix
POS/420 Introduction to Unix
October 20, 2008
Scott Stewart
MS Windows vs. Unix/Linux
The Microsoft and Linux operating systems have been long considered to be in a competition to be
the best operating systems on the market. This paper will compare and contrast these operating
systems to help the consumer decide which is right for his or her environment. Such subjects as;
cost, market share, hardware requirements, file processing, programming capabilities, availability if
application software, networking, and user interface will be examined.
Cost
The cost difference between running a Linux desktop / server compared to a Microsoft desktop /
server is overwhelming. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, marketing is a big "reason" why Microsoft still holds a large place in the desktop market
share. Microsoft is constantly keeping their products in the public eye view, where Linux does not,
causing people to know of Microsoft desktops but not so much about Linux desktops. With that said,
while Microsoft does hold a dominate place in the desktop world, the same is not so true in the
server world.
In the server marketplace, Microsoft is losing ground quickly to the Linux Server. Linux has been
gaining ground in the server world for several reasons including; cost, ease of use, and
dependability. The cost of the Linux server is much lower than that of the Microsoft server as we
examined earlier. This cost difference is opening up IT departments to the ideal of using Linux over
Microsoft, which in return is helping Linux gain server market share. Next, because Linux is
becoming easier to administrate, that too is moving IT departments to convert. In the past, Linux
was all "command prompt" oriented, today GUIs and such have been developed to help the novice

user with system administration. Finally, dependability is probably the biggest reason Linux is
gaining server market share. Perhaps the best way to explain Linux dependability is to explain that
Linux does not need to be rebooted once a week. But in

Iphone Xp : A New Research And Development Group Essay
Introduction My boss asked me to come up with a proposal to migrate Windows XP machines to
Linux. The company Linx LLC has a new research and development group – LSDG. All systems in
LSDG will be running Linux and will access and share resources with Linx LLC. The company has
around 500 client operating system desktop/laptops that runs Windows 7 and Windows XP. LSDG
needs to decide whether they're going to keep using both Windows XP and Windows 7 on their
desktops and laptops. LSDG must consider the following: costs, longevity of the machines, security,
and support. If LSDG decides to keep using Windows XP as their operating system, the company
will end up spending more to maintain and configure those machines. I would propose for Linx LLC
to have all their machines running Windows XP to update to Red Hate Enterprise Linux Operating
System. The last time for Windows XP support was back in 2014. "After 12 years, support for
Windows XP ended April 8, 2014. There will be no more security updates or technical support for
the Windows XP operating system." ("Support for Windows," n.d.) Running only Windows 7 variant
on some the machines makes it easier to have updates and especially security patches as well as
technical support when needed. Running Windows XP is a major security risk because like I said
Windows already stopped supplying patches and updates for this variant. As I suggested, Red Hat
Enterprise Linux Operating System will be the best choice to be used by LSDG. The

Linux And Windows And Linux
1. What are Linux distros? Mention the names of a few distros. Are all of the distros open source
and free?
Linux distros i.e. Linux distributions, is a merging of all the different parts and programs that is
created by different organizations.
Some of the Linux distros are Ubuntu, openSUSE, Debian, Slackware, Gentoo, Arch Linux.
Not all of the distros are open source and free.
2. What is the significance of file extensions (.txt, .pdf, .docx, .jpeg, etc) in Windows and Linux?
For example, there is a file named as "hello.mp3" in windows and Linux. What type of file will it be
in Windows and Linux? Briefly explain.
In windows almost every file require the use of extension in order for the system to function.
In Linux operating system they do not require the use of extension.
In Linux, the extensions are used only to make the user understand the type of file.
TYPE OF FILE: o In windows: hello.mp3 will be a mp3 file only and the extension is important to
be specified. o In Linux: hello.mp3 is considered as a normal file which can be used for texts, video
etc
3. Briefly explain metacharacter ">" and ">>" in Linux with an example
Special character in data field or program that provides information about other character.
">" this metacharacter is basically used as 'command > filename' .Sends the output of the command
on the left into the file named on the right of this symbol. If the file does not exist, create it and if
does exist, overwrite it eg. cal >

Compvantages And Descriptions Of A Robot Operating System
iii. MATLAB with Simulink is a multi–domain simulator, compatible with Linux, Windows, and
Mac OSX systems, which can be used together with the Robotics Toolbox for MATLAB [20] in
order to develop simulations with robot manipulators, as the Robotics Toolbox adds support in
creating paths and evaluates results from simulations and real robots. iv. Robot Operating System
(ROS) is an open–source operating system, compatible with Linux, Mac OSX, and Windows
(limited). There is a generous community of researchers contributing to ROS expansion. ROS
supports four different programming languages: C++, Python, Octave, and LISP. It offers many
tools for navigation, communication and connection handling, message passing, etc. The advantage
of ROS is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
V–REP, designed by Coppelia Robotics, one of the most advanced 3D simulators for industrial
robots, compatible with a lot of programming languages including C/C++, Python, Java, Matlab or
Urbi, is used in education and engineering (for safety double–checking or remote monitoring). xxvi.
EASY–ROB, a 3D simulation tool for single or multiple robots, compatible with Microsoft
Windows XP, Vista, and Windows 7, allows programming and visualization of several production
stages, like handling, assembling, coating and sealing and can create AVI movies of the simulations.
xxvii. AristoSim is a simulator used for industrial applications (online and offline). xxviii. Morse is
a 3D simulator tool for service robots, especially used in education. xxix. Eureka is a new
simulation tool, for the analysis and optimization of the milling and turning machines. It has the
graphical interface and APIs compatible with many programming languages including C++, VB,
.NET, VBScript and Delphi. xxx. ANVEL is a 3D simulation software able to test a wide selection
of robotic vehicles in incredible environments, by using several sensors or

Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer And Windows Server 2012
1. Goal The main idea behind this lab was to relocate the DHCP server and master DNS server to a
fresh install of Windows Server 2012. This would allow control over most of the network with
Windows Server 2012 while maintaining a slave DNS server on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
box. A basic install of Active Directory was also implemented, allowing a single client to connect to
the bestnet.local domain. Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer was also implemented to determine
any outlying security risks associated with the Windows Server 2012. This lab took the knowledge
that I gained from in–class lectures and previous experiences, and allowed me to implement Active
Directory, DHCP, and DNS flawlessly on Windows Server 2012. It helped me to understand how
Active Directory and DNS are linked together to tie a domain together and populate that domain. By
playing around in Active Directory, I was able to gain valuable knowledge of how to implement
many features and roles directly related to an Active Directory installation.
2. Procedural and Informational Documentation All information pertaining to my virtual network
can be found at the address http://10.0.15.1/wiki or http://wiki.bestnet.local/wiki/ when inside my
infrastructure. It contains all the information needed to understand how I built and configured my
virtual machines, and how I installed and configured each of my servers. It is broken up by specific
Operating System installs, so there is are sections for

Essay on A Comparison of Beauty and the Beast with Toy Story
A Comparison of Beauty and the Beast with Toy Story
INTRODUCTION
Disney is an excellent example of a Media corporation as it is known worldwide, go any where in
the world and ask someone about Mickey Mouse or Daffy Duck and they will know that you are
talking about Disney. They have a huge range of advertising and merchandise ranging from
children's books and films to holiday resorts and theme parks. The Disney brand appeals to all,
children and adults alike.
Beauty and the Beast is a classic film using old style animation techniques. It has been recently
digitally re–mastered for the next generation to enjoy the magic of Disney. In comparison Toy Story
uses computer generated images ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also because Buzz is so cool; he is brand new and shiny with lots of cool gadgets. As the story
moves on Woody begins to change and realize that Buzz is not such a threat as he first assumed. He
begins to change to what he was before, leading the way and setting a good example. He helps them
get to Pizza Planet and saves Buzz from being blown up by a firework by their evil next door
neighbour, Sid.
Sid is a villainous character; he destroys toys for fun and is feared by all of the toys. Woody shows
his great leadership again when he organizes the toys in a revolt against Sid, leaving him shaken and
very scared. He is a very dark character and this is shown by his image, a black t–shirt with a skull
on, scruffy hair and chipped, black teeth. His dog Scud is like a sidekick sharing Sid's hate for toys,
regularly chewing them to pieces.
The way in which the toys are represented is important as well, when there is humans around the
toys are looked down on from a higher perspective. The toys were first seen as inanimate objects,
Andy's playthings. This changes when the toys are 'alive', they are looked at from their perspective
or from what they are seeing. When Buzz is first seen in the bedroom the camera angle changes to
give him a look of superiority and power, the camera looks at him from a very low view and then
slowly reveals the rest of his

Windows Server Business Plan
I propose that our company consider implementing Linux for our servers and workstations. There
are many excellent reasons to employ Linux as the operating system of choice for our company:
Linux is 'tried and true'; is used by many large companies, such as Google©, Amazon©,
Facebook©, and many of the cloud service providers; is less expensive; more reliable and stable;
has extensive free community support; uses memory and CPU resources more efficiently; is
reasonably easy and quick to install; and is much less vulnerable to viruses and malware than the
Microsoft Windows© operating system. Linux can be used on almost any type or brand of computer
or server, including older models. I will demonstrate that Linux is a viable and less expensive
alternative to Windows and will perform well in our server and workstation environments.
Server Environment
Hardware Considerations
Existing hardware. Our existing hardware can be used for the new Linux OS. This will require
reformatting existing hard drives and installing the Linux OS, which is much easier than
reformatting and installing Windows OS. Our older servers will still be viable for some time to
come because Linux uses less disk space and memory. It also uses less resources, so it won't slow
down the devices or the network like other Enterprise OS can.
Vendor specific hardware. If we wish to purchase vendor–specific hardware for one of the new
Linux distributions, there are several options: System76; Dell; HP; IBM;

Guide to Unix Using Linux Fourth Edition Chapter 1 Review...
Guide to UNIX Using Linux Fourth Edition Chapter 1 Solutions
Answers to the Chapter 1 Review Questions
1. Your boss drops by your office in a hurry to ask you to attend a meeting at 10:30 on Friday
morning and you can't find a pen to make a note as a reminder. What Linux command can you use
to make a quick note to store in a file called Meeting? Answer: b. cat > Meeting
2. Before you make the note in Question 1, you decide to determine Friday's date, so that you can
include it in your note. What Linux command can you use to quickly determine the Friday's date?
Answer: a. cal
3. While you are typing a command, you misspell the name of a file you want to specify with the
command. Which of the following ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What key sequence can you use to repeat the last command, which was used to print the file?
Answer: c. Press the up arrow key one time.
21. Your international company is scheduling a meeting among managers in Canada, the United
States, Spain, Sweden, and Hong Kong on the basis of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). What
command enables you to display the current time in GMT? Answer: b. date –u
22. How would you describe the purpose of the more command? Answer: The more command
enables you to view a file's contents by scrolling down.
23. What is the purpose of Telnet? Answer: Telnet can be used to connect a UNIX , Linux, or
Windows PC to a remote computer.
24. You enter Cal on the command line to view a calendar but only see an error message. Explain
why you got the error message. Answer: UNIX and Linux are case sensitive, so to display a calendar
you must use the cal command and not Cal.
25. Explain how you can run more than one command on a single command line. Answer: To run
more than one command on a single line, use the : (semicolon) character to separate each command.
Hands–On Projects Tips and Solutions for Chapter 1

Project 1–1
In this project, students use Telnet in Windows 2000/XP/Vista to access a remote computer running
UNIX/Linux. Students will need accounts on both the Windows 2000/XP/Vista

The Job Of The 3 Job Postings
The 3 job postings I choose to look at an IT specialist at Greater Houston Interventional Pain
Associates in Bellaire, TX. An IT Desktop Engineer position at Northwest Community Hospital in
Arlington Heights, IL. A Internet Systems Administrator at Lincoln Financial Group, locations in
Greensboro, NC; Omaha NE; Fort Wayne, IN.
Each job involves support on a computer system, more specifically the IT specialist and IT desktop
engineer have a focus on hardware and software components of computers, which I'm very familiar
with. The internet systems administrator focuses on network systems and web infrastructure support,
I am not that knowledgeable in network configurations and setup of the network. I know there is a
lot of back end things, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I have a great understanding in operating and troubleshooting the Windows OS. The internet
systems admin requires knowledge in the Linux OS. I am very familiar with installing Linux and the
basic functions of it, but I am not comfortable with saying I know how to troubleshoot and work
heavily with a Linux OS. More specifically the position requires knowledge in two distributions of
Linux, I'm only familiar with the basic Red Hat distribution, but I know of several other types.
Understanding and operating Linux is important in IT especially in the Networking and web fields
as a majority of those systems are run with Linux. Web servers and host a majorly run with Linux.
Linux is vital to understand as there is note many people knowledgeable in it, however, it is a very
challenging system to learn and something I need to practice at.
Expanding upon Linux, I have a strong desire to learn it. While at my internship at Harris, one of the
people with whom I worked closely with was a master of Linux. It is a very intriguing operating
system that is highly flexible. It has the highest security as its code is unique because it is open
source, which allows for it to be programmed into any system. I have seen Linux based software
used to hack into a computer, duplicate hard drives, and emulate systems.
The IT specialist requires some knowledge using the cloud services. I'm not sure if that includes
knowing how to set those up services or making apps within those

The Pros And Cons Of Linux
In the beginning, Linus Torvalds, a young man who studied computer science at the University of
Helsinki, thought Unix–like academic operating system should be available for free and is an open
source software.
Hence, he decided to do a better operating system which is free of charge and is an open–source
software. The Linux kernel was first released in 1991, it is designed to be used with GNU software.
GNU developers eventually integrated their software into Linux to create an operating system.
Linux is everywhere so it is available in many forms to suit many needs where from consumer–
oriented systems for home use to distributions for use in specific industries. For instance, it is in our
smartphone, our Roku devices and even in our refrigerator. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Linux is a software on a computer that enables applications and the computer operator to access any
devices on the computer to perform its desired functions. To put it simply, Linux is an operating
system that enable to manage the communication between software and hardware. The operating
system (OS) relays instructions from an application to, for example, the computer's processor. The
processor performs the instructed task, then send the results back to the application via the OS.
As we know, Linux is all free and easy to install. This zero cost of entry accompanied with an open
source license. Open source follows the following key of philosophies, for instance, the freedom to
study how the program works, the freedom of running a program, the freedom to redistribute copies
and also the freedom to distribute copies of the modified versions to the others.
Linux is said everywhere because it is powering roughly 94% of worldwide supercomputers, most
of the servers powering the Internet, the majority financial trades worldwide and a great number of
Android devices. It also appears in many different architectures, from mainframes to server to
desktop to mobile and on a wide variety of

A Short Note On Linux, Windows And Freebsd
I/O Comparison between Linux, Windows and FreeBSD
Name
University
Executive Summary This study compares the I/O functionalities such as data structures, algorithms
and cryptograpy between Linux, Windows, and FreeBSD. Most importantly, the data structures used
in block and character devices for Windows and FreeBSD are also compared against those of Linux
operating system. With respect to I/O operations, this study specifically examines the different types
of devices, I/O scheduling, and so forth, and compares their implementation in Windows and
FreeBSD versus Linux.
Introduction
Generally, computer components are two–fold, namely hardware and software components. The
hardware requires an operating system (OS) to manage and coordinate its software resources as well
as provide services for computer application programs [4]. Application programs that run in a
computer require an OS. In essense, the OS acts as a central host that handles hardware operation
details [4]. All computers are run by an OS of some type. Some of the most popular OS versions in
the market are Linux, Windows and FreeBSD [1]. Linux is an open–source development and free
software whose source code can be freely used, redistributed and modified by third party OS
developers. The range of Windows Operating Systems are created by Microsoft Corporation. Unlike
Linux, Windows consists of proprietary closed sources [5]. FreeBSD is an advanced version of OS
and runs on modern desktops, servers and

Essay about ISS 418 Lab 7 and 8
Lab Assessment Questions & Answers
1. What is the command to view the current Linux Kernel parameters?
The command that will allow you to see the Kernel parameters is sysctl –a.
2. What command can you run to list all the kernels available parameters one screen at a time with
the ability to move forward and backwards on the output?
The command that would you to do accomplish this would be the less /proc/modules
3. What is the purpose of enabling syncookies in the Linux Kernel?
The purpose of enabling syncookies in the Linux Kernel is to help prevent a type of DoS attack by
dropping connection which can lead to additional SYN messages.
4. When you want to enable a Linux Kernel command and enable it immediately without a physical
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What would you enable to set the Kernel to debug mode? Why would someone choose to enable
this?
Depending on what an administer was attempting to troubleshoot would determine what you would
enable to turn on debugging. If a person was trying to troubleshoot CUPS they would enable CUPS
and make the changes in the /var/log/debug file.
9. What is the relation between sysctl.conf and the sysctl command?
The sysctl command is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime. /etc/sysctl.conf is a text file
containing sysctl values to be read in and set by sysct at boot time
10. If you wanted to modify a kernel parameter without editing the sysctl.conf file would it be
possible? If yes, please give the example.
Yes you can edit the Kernel parameters with out editing the sysctl.conf file by using the sysctl
command. Sysctl –n Suppress printing of the field name, only output the field value.
Part #2
Implement Best Practices for Secure Software Management
Learning Objectives and Outcomes
Upon completing this lab, students will learn about the following tasks:
Recommend security settings after discovering all installed packages in the kernel to help evaluate
the security measures that are necessary
Configure the RPM database to add repositories securely for the distribution of software to persons

that do not need access to the system directly, only to download any updates or RPMs
Verify a source tar

Netw 240 Course Project: Operating System Proposal Essay
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Course Project: Operating System Proposal Objectives
Back to Top
Your company is currently investigating the use of Linux. Your manager has asked you to research
the feasibility of using Linux in both the server and workstation environments (from the operating
system point of view). Your manager would like to see an 8– to 10–page paper that
1. compares and contrasts Linux server and Linux workstation OS ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is not a team project.
The paper is intended to be a professional document. Week 6 Paper
Category Points Description
Documentation, Editing, and Formatting 20 A quality paper will be free of any spelling, punctuation,
or grammatical errors. A quality paper will include a title page, appropriate sections based on a table
of contents (TOC), an abstract or executive summary, proper citations, and a bibliography. It will
conform to APA guidelines; including citations and references.
Organization and Cohesiveness 20 A quality paper will include an introduction based on a well–
formed thesis statement. The logical order of the paper's content will be derived from the thesis
statement. Sentences and paragraphs will be clear, concise, and factually correct. The content will be
properly subdivided into sections derived from the outline or TOC. In a quality paper, the conclusion
will summarize the previously presented content, and will complement the thesis statement from the
introduction.
Content 75 A quality paper will address requirements to compare and contrast both the server and
workstation products from three different Linux vendors. A quality paper will have significant scope
and depth of research to support statements. A quality paper will employ sound use of reasoning and
logic to reinforce conclusions. Relevant illustration or examples are encouraged.
Total 115 A quality paper will meet or exceed all

Linux Software And Linux System Essay
Linux Software
By Bridge Alison
Apr 6, 2013
Linux system is an os (OS), like Windows.
Think of there being two general kinds of software: os and "other".
The "other" program includes several kinds, including: programs (like term processors, spreadsheets
and e–mail programs), utilities and servers.
And all of this runs "on top of" an os, such as Windows or Linux system.
Linux Commands Coaching Tips: The Linux system OS System Administration concepts, programs
and projects covered here apply to ALL other Linux system withdrawals, including: Red Hat,
Fedora, Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Edubuntu, Slackware, Debian, SUSE and openSUSE.
Windows and Linux system Managing System (OS) Functionality
When you start a pc with an OS, it allows you to do projects like:
run program programs, like a term processer, worksheet or e–mail program save information to your
hard drive, like a correspondence, memo or report retrieve data files so you can edit them send your
work off to print
Windows and Linux system Software Programs
In Windows, you can run lots of different program programs. There are customized programs and
off–the–shelf (common) programs. These allow you to do everything from running your bowling
league to typing up a correspondence.
The same is real for Linux system. There are a large number of customized and typical Linux
system programs.
Linux system Coaching Tips: You can obtain several Linux system withdrawals (versions), such as a
large number of programs and get them free!

Nt1330 Unit 3 Paper
The First World Bank Savings and Loan network infrastructure update will be Linux based. The
bank will utilize a custom kernel designed with the input of a Linux Security consultant. This
proprietary kernel is adaptable, scalable and modular to readily handle the bank's network. This
kernel was collaboratively developed by the bank's Security and IT directors with a consulting firm
that specializes in Linux network security.
Task 1: Advantages of using a custom kernel
A. Support. Services provided by bank IT administrators and the kernel developers.
B. Versatility. The kernel configuration can be configured for each required solution.
C. Cost effectiveness. The kernel will result in quantitative network efficiency improvements and
diversity. The diversity of the kernel provides for updates as needed. Evaluation, development and
validation of network ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)
A. Readily installed, updated, categorized and removed.
B. Linux service update Linux distributions available RPM form.
2. Anti–Virus Support
A. Linux kernels tend to have less malware than Windows bases systems.
1) Rootkit Hunter (rkhunter) application for rootkit, local exploits, malware and backdoors
scanning.
2) Tripwire application for managing incident detection, security policy enforcement, reduce the
attack surface and automate regulatory compliance.
3) The process of evaluation, development, and validation will be a constant. Due diligence will be
one of the most important tools in software management and maintenance.
Task 3: Monitor Logs and Baseline
1. Logwatch application will be used for creation and usage of log analysis reports.
2. A higher level of security will be afforded by PCI–DSS compliance.
3. OpenAudit application will alert to what traffic is on the network, how the network is setup and
identification of how changes are effected.
4. Lynis application for security, auditing, compliance checking and network hardening against

Unix/Linux
UNIX, Linux, and Windows Server Critique
POS/420
Name
Professor
Date
University of Phoenix
Abstract
The following sections in this paper focus on analyzing operating systems for Riordan
Manufacturing Inc. that specializes in plastic molding and design. Team B concentrated on five
main areas of UNIX, Linux, and Windows Server. The five areas include Security, Administration,
Networking, Performance, and Programmability. The team explains the existing systems, followed
by comparing advantages and disadvantages of each operating system. The comparisons provide
insight for Riordan's IT specialist and administration considering which system to implement.
Interesting topics that relate to security weaknesses, and advantages that UNIX® ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only that, but users can even fix problems themselves. Microsoft may tout its large team of paid
developers, but it 's unlikely that team can compare with a global base of Linux user–developers
around the globe. Security can only benefit through all those extra 'eyeballs'" (Why Linux is More
Secure Than Windows, para. 13).
Administration
Riordan Manufacturing Corporation, (Apollo Group, 2004), is a hybrid computing environment
employing MS Windows, (Microsoft Corporation, 2011), e–mail and file servers along–side UNIX
Enterprise Resource Program (ERP) and a HP–UX, (Hewlett Packard Development Company,
2011), UNIX Manufacturing Resource Program (MRP). Effective administrative support of both
operating systems requires two information technology groups, one specializing in MS Windows
platforms and one specializing in UNIX platforms. Requiring two IT groups and two unique server
platforms doubles the administrative management and equipment costs in the enterprise.
Standardizing server hardware and software to one type will significantly reduce costs and increase
Riordan Manufacturing's return on its investment. One server operating system platform can support
all of the workstation's applications with the exception of MS Windows Exchange, (Microsoft
Corporation, 2011), e–mail application.
To reduce personnel costs it is recommend merging the two server platforms (operating systems) to
one where it is possible. HP–UX,

Systems Administration And Network Services
1. Goal After two labs focusing purely on the Linux side of systems administration and network
services, this third lab puts Windows into the spotlight and how it deals with configuring services as
compared to the previous RHEL–based configurations. Many of the same tasks which were
completed using a RHEL 7 virtual machine in lab 2, such as setting up DHCP and DNS, are
repeated in this lab on a Windows 2012 Datacenter virtual machine. This is done not only to show
the differences in service administration, but also to indirectly teach students the steps as well as
precautions that need to be taken when integrating in different enterprise server operating system
families which very well could be running the same network services, such as in the case of this lab.
Instead of merely just installing the same services and letting the clients make decisions on what
data to receive from who, this lab also presents the challenge of making these two very different
operating systems work together when the time comes to configure the DNS server on the Windows
VM. A major point I took away from this is that while the Microsoft and ISC implementation of a
DNS server can be seen as widely different, the integration of the two is very smooth and easy due
to both of them still following the base rules of the DNS protocol as well as framework found in the
numerous RFC's which describe it. Active Directory, which is also installed on the server, was
review at this point from multiple different

Netw 240 Course Project: Operating System Proposal
NETW 240 Course Project: Operating System Proposal
Follow Below Link to Download Tutorial
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Course Project: Operating System Proposal Objectives
Back to Top
Your company is currently investigating the use of Linux. Your manager has asked you to research
the feasibility of using Linux in both the server and workstation environments (from the operating
system point of view). Your manager would like to see an 8– to 10–page paper that
1. compares and contrasts Linux server and Linux workstation OS ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The paper shall be your individual and original work. This is not a team project.
The paper is intended to be a professional document. Week 6 Paper
Category Points Description
Documentation, Editing, and Formatting 20 A quality paper will be free of any spelling, punctuation,
or grammatical errors. A quality paper will include a title page, appropriate sections based on a table
of contents (TOC), an abstract or executive summary, proper citations, and a bibliography. It will
conform to APA guidelines; including citations and references.
Organization and Cohesiveness 20 A quality paper will include an introduction based on a well–
formed thesis statement. The logical order of the paper's content will be derived from the thesis
statement. Sentences and paragraphs will be clear, concise, and factually correct. The content will be
properly subdivided into sections derived from the outline or TOC. In a quality paper, the conclusion
will summarize the previously presented content, and will complement the thesis statement from the
introduction.
Content 75 A quality paper will address requirements to compare and contrast both the server and
workstation products from three different Linux vendors. A quality paper will have significant scope
and depth of research to support statements. A quality paper will employ sound use of reasoning and
logic to reinforce conclusions. Relevant illustration or examples are encouraged.
Total 115 A quality paper will meet or exceed

Linux And Windows Comparison Essay
A Comparison of Linux & Windows
Abstract
There are a number of operating systems available for personal use as well as small and large
businesses. Probably the two most popular are Linux and Windows. In order to determine what
operating system best suits your needs, it's important to know some background on Linux and
Windows. Some important factors to consider in the selection of an operating system are what are
some of the things that make Linux and Windows appealing and what are some of their drawbacks.
In today's economic conditions, it's vital for companies to try and keep costs down. This paper will
also look at the cost of each operating system. Based on all of these factors, one of the operating
systems is recommended ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Using either GNOME or KDE, you can decide what interface you want and then add only the
features that fit your needs quickly and easily. If you are concerned with standardization, do not
worry. Linux sticks to the Unix standards. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers put
together the American National Standards Institute for Unix named the Portable Operating System
Interface for Computer Environments. It dictates a universal standard on how the Unix–based
systems are supposed to operate. (Asprey & Seruzzi, 2008) Linux has three major components–
the file structure, kernel, and environment. The file structure does what its name implies, puts files
in a specific order on any storage device. They are arranged in a hierarchy of directories and one or
more subdirectories all of which contain files. These directories are all interconnected. With the
exception of the standard directories that are set aside for system use, users have full control of the
files inside the directories. They can create and move directories, move files between directories,
share or restrict directories and files just by setting directory and file permissions. (Asprey &
Seruzzi, 2008) The kernel is really the heart of Linux. Its job is to operate all the programs and
manage the attached hardware devices. In order to put these kernels to work and operate any
computer operating system,

Linux Is A Computer Operating System
Linux is everywhere. From your mobile phone to the laptop, desktop, servers, super computers,
even the important role. There is a special need to know about. Keeping in mind the requirements
and requests for a lot of the decision will discuss the details of Linux.
What Computer Operating System, or OS
Linux is a computer Operating System with the details before you need to have a basic knowledge.
We have a post before about computer operating system, if you can read the post. Top 9 Operating
Systems and Mobile Operating Systems User Friendly
But I never thought that computers do not believe in you or how it works. We just went with the task
of computer and computer instead of completing our task without end. But every act of your
command ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All the details of the operating system has completed its specific application in order to work more
closely. Hopefully this example has a clear idea about computer operating system.
Why was the Operating System Need
Surely by now you 've realized how important that role is the computer operating system. Excogitate
the Windows operating system on the same computer does not have any operating system. The
computer was called into the Micro Computers or Micros. Each time the machine is used to separate
different basic methods of their own. The program did not have any similarity with any other
program. If you were to create a computer game for any game developer to another computer, but it
was totally unemployed. Since it was separate from one computer to another computer language, so
it was absolutely impossible to establish the relationship between them. At that time, CP/M
operating system called the problem was eliminated. Micro Computers When the CP/M started to
use the same program, they are able to run on all computers. And a separate computer program
written by the developers in a separate CP/M began to write for the program. Technology and
computing innovation came.
But in the 1980s, when an organization called the IBM Personal Computer mesinera for his intense
popular CP/M can not claim they are unable to buy it. As a result, one of the great talents of the
young man, "Bill Gates" as an alternative began to write his own

New Research And Development Group
The new research and development group, LSDG, of HACKD, LLC, will be migrating all Windows
XP machines to a Red Hat Enterprise 5 Linux distribution to optimize performance and user
capability. As described perfectly by Karen Schwartz there are many reasons to switch "The reasons
are compelling: greater stability and reliability, lower cost, access to application source code, greater
security, and conformity with open standards" (Schwartz, 2004). The LSDG group will access and
share resources with HACKD, LLC.'s Active Directory domain such as authentication, DNS, DHCP
and file services to save on expenses and reduce the required footprint and administrative overhead.
Hardware Requirements
The current Windows XP machines within HACKD LLC. have the following hardware
specifications: Intel Core 2 processor, 2GB RAM memory, 80GB hard drive, 10/100 Mbps network
cards, 4 USB 2.0 USB ports, and 15 inch LCD monitors. In order to support the migration to a Red
Hat Linux Distribution the system requirements as identified by the Red Hat Customer Service
Portal (2015) Table 2.2 are:
Criteria Requirements
Operating System Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 or 5 with the latest patches and upgrades
CPU Type Pentium 4 or higher; 2 GHz or higher
Memory/RAM 1 GB minimum, up to the system limit
Hard Disk 4 GB minimum
Other To run the Directory Server using port numbers less than 1024, such as the default port 389,
you must setup and start the Directory Server as

Nt1330 Unit 3 Assignment
Linux is a free open–source software that anybody can use . Most people use computers don't even
know that Linux exists. Most people just use whatever is already downloaded onto the computer. Or
if they buy computer that has no software on it they would buy Windows or Mac since it's displayed
in many stores. Difference between Linux and windows / Macs is that you can download a version
that specifically displays OS that relates to what you want to use it for. For example there's different
distributions that are customized to be only used for editing software. or on the other hand many
people just want to use the terminal or start with a o s that is used for coding. Either way you can
find many different types of Linux that you can download anywhere on the internet. all of these
being free. this is one of the main ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
this mainly relates to if you want to use the terminal or coding, or go with a more friendly interface
such as a desktop. this will mainly split the distributions for Lennox in half one side being focused
on coding and the other one using a friendly interface as a desktop . next you would look into why
you're using this OS . for example you could either go towards a distribution for servers or you can
go towards a distribution for creating different file systems or categories of media. once your found
the distribution you would like you would then go to its home page and download the files onto a
flash drive or media device. this device will become your boot drive that you will then put your
computer from. you will then shut down your computer turn back on but this time into the BIOS
settings. once there you will then be able to change what your computer boots to and this would be
the new boot drive that you just downloaded the distribution to. at this point in your computer
should boot up into the new Linux operating system that you just

Unix Vs Linux Essay
ABSTRACT:
In the world of technology, the minds work faster than in any other field of study and science. The
old systems and software are subjected to enhance their life time. Linux is the most popular
operating system in the market. Its uniqueness is that it is an open source operating system. It is free
of cost for all the users. Linux is considered as most finest, reliable and efficient operating system
but everything is not perfectly designed. The current study is centered for the security of Linux
based operating systems and the comparison of Linux and windows based operating systems. The
issues in the security of system and the vulnerabilities in the Linux based systems. The study also
comprises of the comparison between other operating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is an implementation of a mandatory access control mechanism in the kernel of Linux. SELinux is
an access control implementation on the Linux kernel. The SELinux provides many kinds of data
control policies
According to NSA Security Enhanced Team, "Security Enhanced Linux is a set of patches to the
Linux kernel and some utilities to incorporate strong, flexible mandatory access control (MAC)
architecture into the major subsystem of the kernel." SELinux provides administrator more control
over access control.
SERVER:
The most important thing about Linux operating system is its server. Windows operating system was
initially designed for single user and in 2003 they made their first server operating system windows
NT 3.1 for multi users. However the Linux server is more stable, secure and cost effective as
compared to the Windows server. The windows server software, Windows Server 2008 standard in
United states costs about $999 and also five CALs(Client Access Licenses). Linux on the other hand
is completely free, licensed under GNU deneral Public License which allows free distribution of
linux source

Computer Science Student Michael Heerklot
Incident 1: Stuxnet .LNK Vulnerability 1.1 Background Patched Windows machines remained
vulnerable to Stuxnet .LNK exploit since 2010. In early January 2015, Michael Heerklotz
approached the Zero Day Initiative with details of a vulnerability in the Microsoft Windows
operating system and it was assigned CVE–2015–0096. Stuxnet .LNK Vulnerability was discovered
by a German computer science student Michael Heerklot, who through interest in the discovery and
impact of Stuxnet exploit, decided to investigate Stuxnet attack, particularly the hack of the Natanz
uranium enrichment facility where the .LNK vulnerability in windows shell was exploited in 2010
[1]. He examined the .LNK vulnerability, which was presumably patched by Microsoft, to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The issue is that in Windows, icons are executed from modules (either executables or dynamic link–
libraries). In fact, .CPL files are actually DLLs. Because an attacker could define which executable
module would be loaded, an attacker could use the .LNK file to execute arbitrary code inside of the
Windows shell and do anything the current user could" [2]. The first patch released August in 2010,
Microsoft put in an explicit whitelist check with MS10–046. Once installed, it intended to ensure
that only approved .CPL files should have been used to load non–standard icons for links. This patch
failed and for more than four years, all windows files have been vulnerable to exactly the same
attack that stuxnet attackers used in initial exploit. In light of its recent rediscovery, it is unknown if
other groups discovered and exploited the vulnerability in the wild [2]. The section below explores
the section of code that was patched in the initial patch in 2010 and how the vulnerability remained
vulnerable. The definition of the function shown below is taken from a function called
CControlPanelFolder::GetUiObjectOf() in Shell32.dll. Shown in the diagram below is the first block
that was changed after zero day vulnerability was discovered. In the event below a whitelist check
was put in place. The definition calls for a custom icon, with the iconID of 0, which is checked
against a

Comparison Between Windows And Linux
Comparative analysis of Windows and Linux
Abstract: Comparison between windows and Linux is mostly used discussion topic among peoples.
Windows and Linux both are operating system in which Windows are closed source and used for
PC.While Linux is open source and used for open source community. Both operating systems have
unique features, advantages and disadvantages. Both operating systems are differing from each other
in term of working, cost, security etc. The first focus of this paper is on introduction of both OS
.This paper mainly focuses on difference between both OS and also defines how these OS are
different in term of working, cost, security, configuration, and performance and user friendliness.
Key Words: Windows, Linux and Operating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Threat detection and solution
After detecting a major threat in Windows OS, Microsoft generally releases a patch that can fix the
problem and it can take more than 2/3 months. In case of Linux, threat detection and solution is very
fast.
Examples
Windows 8, 8.1, 7, Vista, XP
Ubuntu, Fedora, Red Hat, Debian, Arch Linux, Android, Peach OSI etc.[4]
Development and Distribution
Windows is developed and distributed solely by Microsoft.
Linux is developed by Open Source development. and it is distributed by various vendors.
Installation
Windows installation methodology is easy. In this the users do not need to have installation disk for
installing
Before installing Linux on machine, we must need each piece of hardware.
Configuration
In Windows configuration is difficult to change and modify.
In Linux configuration is easy to change and modify. We can modify and configure the program
according to needs.
Flexibility
Windows are less flexible than Linux. Because in Windows modification and configuration is

difficult.
Linux is more flexible than Windows, because it provide the modification and configuration

Linux Mint Pdf
Official User Guide
Linux Mint
Main Edition
Page 1 of 50
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION TO LINUX MINT........................................................................................ 4
HISTORY.........................................................................................................................................4
PURPOSE.........................................................................................................................................4
VERSION NUMBERS AND CODENAMES
..........................................................................................5 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
35 PACKAGE MANAGEMENT IN LINUX
MINT..................................................................................35 THE SOFTWARE
MANAGER...........................................................................................................40 THE
MENU....................................................................................................................................40
SYNAPTIC & APT..........................................................................................................................40
Page 2 of 50
REMOVE
APPLICATIONS..............................................................................................................41 FROM
THE MENU..........................................................................................................................41 USING
APT...................................................................................................................................42

Sample Resume : Tony Chip 's S
Tony Chip's is a mid–sized business that is looking to expand and enhance its ecommerce relations.
The company wishes to leave their current website host and move to an internally hosted setup. A
new system offers storage, retrieval, security, and recovery. Hosting a new website internally will
allow the company to complete commercial transactions which they are not able to do on their
current site and host.
The Project Goal
System Component Alternatives
The system's The purpose of this project is to build a system that will help and address Tony Chip's
new requirements. All of the new requirements will be considered with the system architecture and
it will use all of the applications that still perform after the upgrade and change. The ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This necessitates the need for an ideal web server platform choice. Several operating system (OS)
platform alternatives are available to Tony's Chips. For instance, the company can choose to run the
new system on a Microsoft Windows Server OS platform. Some of the server platform applications
provided by Microsoft include Windows Server 2008 and 2012. These operating systems are
advantageous in that most online applications are available to the Microsoft Windows Server
platform. Additionally, expertise on Windows server OS is readily available. As a result,
implementation and maintenance operations for applications using this platform are complemented
by available personnel. However, Microsoft's licensing fees for new versions of the OS present an
economic obstacle to the adoption of the platform. In addition, the platform's security facilities are
not as reliable as those of alternative server platforms such as Linux and UNIX (MacDonald, 2009).
Linux offers a variety of server OS distributions. These include Red Hat, Ubuntu and CentOS. These
server platforms have the common advantage of being easily customizable, stable, secure and robust
(Tanenbaum, 2001). Cento possesses the best expertise support among Linux distros. This is
because of its long development cycle. CentOS, however, does not possess the enterprise level
operating abilities of Red Hat Linux. Of the currently available Linux distributions, Red Hat

Nt1330 Unit 3 Assignment 1
Question 1 – Goal/Introduction The goal of this lab was to set up a windows DNS server on the
same network as the other Linux servers. This lab focused on using the windows DNS server to be
the master DNS server with the Linux DNS server that was built in the last lab to be the slave. This
means that the Linux had to be configured to be the slave and when the master (windows) was set
up it would need the IP address or the hostname of the slave server (Linux). In order to configure the
Linux to be the slave server, an edit to the dhcp.conf file in etc (/etc/dhcp/dchp.conf). Once in the
file you need to add a zone with the name of the slave DNS server. In the options for it (anything
inside the curly brackets) a type is needed. The type should ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Windows Active Directory is a central hub where a system administrator can change anything about
a users role in the organization and access on the network in a very short time unlike Linux. Because
SELinux is host based that means each change to a user or group means going in and configuring
them one at a time by hand while Active Directory GUI is much simpler to use when configuring.
Another benefit to active directory is the ability to authenticate. Authenticating prevents a user
without the proper rights to access something that they don't nee to edit or view. Once authenticated
a user has access to all internal Microsoft services and features that the policy allows for. I feel that
SELinux and OpenLdap if better for network management in the sense that it is very flexible and
can better manage the network. The only downside to this is it is much harder to set up and
configure. OpenLdap also has issues working with and connecting to windows devices on the
network. It is very rare in an organization to only see Linux with no Microsoft servers or clients.
Even though OpenLdap has the potential to be better at managing because of its flexibility a system
administrator would be more inclined to use active directory because of its ease and compatibility
with

Comparison Between Windows And Linux Essay
Abstract
This paper analyzes and compares the differences between the Windows and Linux's operating
system in an enterprise. It emphasizes the features in these two operating system such as history,
cost, security, user–friendliness, performance, and future trends. It shows how impactful these
features can be when an enterprise chooses an operating system. The research in this paper
highlights the pros and cons of an enterprise using one operating system or the other. It directs the
readers to have a better understanding on which operating system is better for specific instances.
Readers will have an enhance perception on Windows and Linux and the platforms they serve. In
our paper we try to fully analyze Windows and Linux's operating system, so an enterprise can
choose the best operating system for themselves.
Keywords: Windows, Linux, operating systems
Windows vs Linux in the Enterprise
The operating system is an extremely crucial type of system software. It is the backbone of a
computer. Without an operating system, our computers will not function properly. Operating
systems are highly skilled software that includes programs with an ample amount of information.
This information provided from these programs makes it easier for applications to communicate
with the hardware. Linux and Windows are two operating systems that dominate in our society
today. They are not only dominating in our society, but also in the business world. Windows and
Linux are the two most popular

The Latest Development in Ict
LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT
1.0 Introduction
Open source is an approach to the design, development, and distribution of software, offering
practical accessibility to a software's source code. Some consider open source as one of various
possible design approaches, while others consider it a critical strategic element of their operations.
Before open source became widely adopted, developers and producers used a variety of phrases to
describe the concept; the term open source gained popularity with the rise of the Internet, which
provided access to diverse production models, communication paths, and interactive communities.
Software is a general term for the various kinds of programs used to operate computers and related
devices. Hardware ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application
Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. As of December 2011, Firefox is the second most
widely used browser, according to different estimates, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage
share of web browsers. The browser has had particular success in Germany and Poland, where it is
the most popular browser with 52% usage and 45% respectively.To display web pages, Firefox uses
the Gecko layout engine, which implements most current web standards in addition to several
features that are intended to anticipate likely additions to the standards.Features include tabbed
browsing, spell checking, incremental find, live bookmarking, a download manager, private
browsing, location–aware browsing (also known as "geolocation") based exclusively on a Google
service and an integrated search system that uses Google by default in most localizations. Functions
can be added through extensions, created by third–party developers,of which there is a wide
selection, a feature that has attracted many of Firefox's users.Firefox runs on various operating
systems including Microsoft Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, and many other platforms
2.3 The Latest Ict Hardware
▷Examples Of Hardware
Specification | Iphone 3gs | Iphone 4 | Operating System | iPhone OS 3 (Upgrade to iOS 4.3) | iOS
4.3 | Size (inches) | 4.5 x 2.4 x 0.48 | 4.5 x 2.3 x 0.37 | Weight (ounces) | 4.76

The Manager Of Phelpstech, Llc
Introduction :–
According to the given scenario, the boss of PhelpsTech, LLC company wants to replace the old XP
window system with the Linux operating system. So I have prepared a Linux Implementation
Proposal as asked by my boss, the Chief Technical Officer Katie Ledecky. Our company also wants
to replace the current desktop/laptop configuration for window XP and for window 7.
Changes In Hardware Requirement :–
We have to change some hardware parts for proper users of the Linux operating system. One issue
that is slowly or gradually getting to be non–existent is hardware support. Quite a while back, on the
off chance that you needed to install Linux on a system, you needed to make sure you hand–picked
all of hardware or your establishment would not work 100%. I can remember or recall, in 1997–ish,
trying to make intellect of why I cannot get Red Hat Linux or Caldera Linux to understand my
modem. After plentiful of looking around, I discovered I was the content owner of a Winmodem. So
I wanted to go out and purchase a US Robotics outside modem because that was the one modem I
knew would work. That is less the case now. You can take a PC (or tablet) and in all possibility get
one or more Linux distributions to install and work about 100 % (100 percent). At any rate, there are
still a few individual cases. For example, suspend/sleep remains an issue with many portable PCs,
despite the fact that it has come a long way. We have to change the hardware requirements current t

Linux Versus Windows Xp : Pros And Cons
Comparison Report
Linux versus Windows XP: The Pros and Cons
This may be the perfect time to move over to Linux, since Windows XP was officially retired in
2014. Although we can continue using Windows XP, the two most important factors to consider are
1) there will no longer be security patches released by Microsoft; and 2) they are no longer
supporting this product.
Additionally, our older XP machines may not support newer Windows releases, especially 8.1,
because it needs significantly more power and storage. Also, some XP applications may not work on
newer versions of Windows. So to run 8.1 on older PCs, there will be a lot of configuring to do
which takes time and money. All machines will need at least 4 GB of ram.
That said, both Windows XP and Linux each have their advantages and disadvantages. To help
determine what technology option is best in the long run for the company (i.e., to keep Windows XP
or switch to Linux), the team recommends that you perform a careful analysis with respect to cost,
performance and risk to make the right technology decision. We don't envy your position–which is
challenging–one that can affect the company 's total cost of ownership (TCO) and return–on–
investment (ROI), positively or negatively.
Windows
Windows XP will continue to work, security is a major concern. Although security companies still
support XP, at some point we could find ourselves vulnerable. Without security patches, cyber
criminals will have more opportunities to

4. 1 Task : Install A Linux Distros
4.1 Task: Install a Linux Distro
1. You will need a USB drive of 8 GB or higher capacity. Install a Linux distribution of your choice,
but within the Ubuntu family, onto the USB drive as if it is a HDD.
1. This can be the multiboot USBD you created in an earlier lab. You will need to mount the system
read–and–write. The so–called frugal–install or ISO based installs will not do.
2. Should you wish to work with non–Ubuntu distros, adapt the following appropriately.
2. Establish at least 5 ordinary users with names and passwords of your choice. Learn how to do this
as a script. Include the script in your submission. The following script was used to create the users.
(See figure 1).
#!/bin/bash
# Script to add a user to Linux system if [ ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I created a stronger password
4.2 Task: DAC Examples
1. Take five examples as–is from LXU and explain DAC ideas.
4.3 Task: File Permissions, Etc
1. Find and report all files with peculiar permissions. Examples: no permissions given ––– ––– –––,
executable but not readable, readable for group and others but not the owner, unsearchable
directories, etc.
To view file permissions, I used ls –la (–– removed HTML ––) command. For instance, to display
all the files of the /root directory, I typed ls –la /root. (see figure 4). The –a option would display the
hidden files which are typically the system files. Figure 4: viewing file permissions
The log.txt has no read, write, execute permissions.
2. Files and directories whose names begin with a dot are unlisted by ls unless –a flag is used. Find
and report all such files and directories whose size is larger than 10 MB.
4.4 Task: Check for Weak Logins
1. No password shoul be breakable within an hour. List the names and plain text passwords of such
users. Assume you are root.
2. Should root be allowed to login? Ubuntu/ Debian do not assign a passwd to root. Discuss the
pro/cons of this choice.
The advantages of not having root password is that the users can easily swich to root without
signing in with a password. This gives a flexibility of running certain scripts and installing
programs.

However, not assigning a password to root would be disadvantageous in terms of security. Any user
in the group would be able to

Business Utilization Of Open Source Software Essay
Open Source 2
Business Utilization of Open Source Software
Open source software is used in many businesses and is used in more ways then people realize. The
idea behind open source is the development of high quality, reliable and low–cost software. Some of
the organizations using open source software include Travelocity, Wikipedia, and the US Postal
Service. Some the widely used applications include Apache web service, Vyatta, 7zip and Open
Office. Open system vs. closed system. Closed systems such as Microsoft products are the property
of the company who developed and is protected under patents or copyright laws. The codes and
languages that the products are based on are kept secret and the source codes are not visible. With ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Source Code: the source code must either be included or freely obtainable. (Without source code,
making changes or modifications can be impossible.)
3. Derived Works: redistribution of modifications must be allowed. (To allow legal sharing and to
permit new features or repairs.)
4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code: licenses may require that modifications are redistributed
only as patches.
5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups: no one can be locked out.
6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor: commercial users cannot be excluded.
7. Distribution of License: The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the
program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional license by those parties.
8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product: the program cannot be licensed only as part of a
larger distribution.
9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software: the license cannot insist that any other software it is
distributed with must also be open source.
10. License Must Be Technology–Neutral: no click–wrap licenses or other medium–specific ways of
accepting the license must be required.
Open Source 4
Travelocity had been built on C++ and run on a Unix system. Travelocity has moved toward using
Java and running off a Linux system. The reason for the migration toward open source was that it is
flexible towards their needs and a much lower cost of ownership. The number of transactions

Linux Based Systems Are Modular Unix Like Oss Build A...
Linux based systems are modular Unix–like OSs build a large part of its component from 1970s and
1980s UNIX principles. They apply a monolithic kernel, commonly identified as the Linux kernel to
execute process control, access to peripherals, file system management and networking tasks. Lonix
OS drivers are either directly integrated with the kernel or come in as additional modules created
while the system is awake. Independent developments with kernel interface improve the
functionality and performance. GNU user land association with Linux based systems provides
majority executions in the C library, a command–line interface (CLI) shell and the most common
tools of UNIX to carry out performance execution. A GUI is created on each implementation of the
X windows system. A recent development of the Linux OS is the use to Wayland display server
protocol replacing the X11. Ubuntu has made progressive developments of the Mir a diversion of
Wayland.
Design
The Linux system main components comprise of
i. Boot loader– this is a program build to load the Linux kernel and input it in the computers main
memory. It starts its operations when the machine is switched on and after firmware initialization
execution. GNU GRUB, LILO, Coreboot, Gummiboot, and GNU GRUB are some common boot
loaders. ii. An init program: this is the very first operation initiated by the kernel and serves as the
background of the process. An init program causes the device to initiate any process running
processes

Linux Operating System (Graduate Level CIS Term Paper)

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