Lipids presentation .pptx for Secondary 19 Class
- 1. Lipids Group 2: Alex, Farrel, Mahes, Nicholas, Mahdi, Sabrina
- 2. Definition Classification Function Review (Quiz) Agenda 01 The definition of the biomolecule “Lipids”; 02 Let's review about the topic of Lipids! 03 04 Three most common types of Lipids found; Functions of the Lipids in question;
- 3. Definition The general definition of the biomolecule “Lipids” 01
- 4. ‘Lipids’ is the scientific name for molecules found in fats and oils. They are a group of hydrophobic biomolecules. They are fatty, waxy, and oily compounds that can dissolve in organic solvents, but not in water. Not all lipids are purely hydrophobic, some are hydrophobic on one end and hydrophilic on the other end or also known as amphipathic molecule. DEFINITION
- 5. ● Long-term energy storage; ● Protection; ● Insulation; ● Lubrication; ● Acts as hormone precursors; ● Key component of cell membranes. FUNCTION OF LIPIDS
- 6. Classification The three most common Lipids found 02
- 7. Three Main or Common Types of Lipids Common types of lipids found in the human body Triglycerides A Sterols B Phospholipids C
- 8. Triglycerides are a type of fats or lipids that gives our body energy, triglycerides comes from the foods that we eat and are carried in the blood since most of the food we eat are in triglyceride form, some examples of where triglycerides come from foods that contain butter and oil. Triglycerides
- 9. ● Solid at room temperature; ● Used by animals (for protection and long term storage); ● e.g butter. . Triglycerides ● Liquid at room temperature; ● Used by plants (for long term energy storage); ● e.g. olive oil. Fats Oils
- 10. Function of Triglycerides 1. Stores energy for later use in the human body 2. Insulate and protect our vital organs 3. Helps protein do their job 4. Provides good source of water for metabolic reaction
- 11. Triglyceride structure Process: Dehydration synthesis 3 main parts of fatty acids: - Hydrocarbon chain; - Methyl group; - Acid group.
- 13. Saturated Fatty Acid Only single carbon to carbon bonds e.g. animal fat
- 14. Unsaturated Fatty Acid Has one to several double bonds e.g. vegetable oil
- 15. Trans Fatty Acid Hydrogen atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond
- 16. Sterols sustains the domain structure of cell membranes, they are important for formation of liquid-ordered membrane states that plays an important role in things such as cellular sorting, cytoskeleton reorganization, and asymmetric growth. Sterols
- 17. Sterols vary with the origin of the fat and are affected by food processing. Examples of sterols: ● Cholesterol (main animal sterol); ● β-sitosterol (plant sterol); ● Campesterol (plant sterol); ● Stigmasterol (plant sterol); ● Brassicasterol (plant sterol); ● Avenasterol (plant sterol). The plant sterols mentioned are major sterols present in vegetable oils at much higher levels than cholesterol is in animal fats. Sterols
- 18. Function of Sterols 1. Regulate membrane fluidity, permeability, and rigidity 2. Precursors of oxidized steroids 3. Critical for liquid ordered membrane states
- 19. Sterols Sterols of plants are called phytosterols and sterols of animals are called zoosterols.
- 20. Phospholipids are composed of two fatty acids, a phosphate group and a glycerol, phospholipids are able to create cell membranes because the phosphate group head is hydrophilic (water-loving), meanwhile its fatty acid tail is hydrophobic (they hate water). Phospholipids
- 21. Function of Phospholipids 1. It regulates the permeability of the membrane; 2. It is also involved in the absorption of fat from the intestine; 3. It helps in ETC- Electron Transport Chain in the mitochondria; 4. Phospholipids help by preventing the accumulation of fats in the liver; 5. It plays a major role in the transportation and removal of cholesterol from the cells.
- 22. Phospholipid Contains two hydrophobic tails of fatty acid and one hydrophilic head of phosphate moiety joined together by using glycerol molecule
- 23. Let's review! Short questions about the topic of Lipids. 04
- 24. Question 1 What is the function of Phospholipids? Precursors of oxidized steroids Stores energy for later use in the human body Insulate and protect our vital organs B C D It regulates the permeability of the membrane
- 25. Question 2 “One of sterol function is Regulate membrane fluidity, permeability, and rigidity.” True False
- 27. Question 4 Both can be very hydrophobic molecules. Which property can be shared by this lipid and a terpene? Both can form micelles. Both can contain isoprene. Both can contain a saturated fatty acid.