Listening, speaking, reading and writing are key skills for students to excel in their studies. Proficiency in listening and reading helps improve speaking and writing abilities as they stimulate thinking. A student listens to gather information, selects important ideas, and organizes their thoughts. Reading supports writing by improving speed and accuracy. Intelligent reading requires analyzing beneath the surface to understand the writer's intended meaning and perspective. When speaking, certain phrases help signal to listeners what will be discussed next, such as "namely", "in fact", and "are as follows".