Logic Assignment: Impediments of good reasoning and use of emotive language
- 1. Impediments of Good Reasoning and use of Emotive Language.
- 2. UNRAVELING THE RIDDLE Welcome to the journey of exploring the interplay between emotive language and Impediments of Good Reasoning. Let's dive into the enigmatic world of language and reasoning to uncover its mysteries.
- 3. EMOTIVE LANGUAGE Emotive language in logic refers to the use of words that are specifically chosen to elicit an emotional response or influence the audience's feelings. It's often used in arguments to persuade or manipulate by appealing to emotions rather than presenting factual evidence. Emotive language can be positive or negative and is commonly found in political speeches, advertising, and media to sway public opinion.
- 4. In Language, we have a number of words that are having potential to arouse emotions. Such words are called emotive words. Emotive language is the deliberate choice of words to elicit emotion (usually to influence). Ideas can be expressed non-emotively. For Example: Describing a group as "freedom fighters" versus "rebels" can evoke different emotional responses and connotations. In logical arguments, it's important to recognize emotive language as it can introduce bias and affect the clarity of reasoning
- 5. Emotively Neutral Words Emotively neutral language in logic is language that is free from emotional connotations or associations. It is used to present information or arguments in a way that is objective and unbiased, focusing solely on the factual or logical content. This type of language is particularly important in logical reasoning and critical thinking because it allows the audience to evaluate the arguments based on their merits without being influenced by emotional appeals.
- 6. Emotively Neutral Words There are two conditions when emotively neutral language is absolutely important: 1. When our purpose in language is to communicate (i.e., the informative use), then, if we wish to avoid being misunderstood, language having the least emotive impact is the most useful. 2. When we resolve disagreements or disputes, it is usually best to try to reformulate the disagreement in neutral language.
- 7. Emotively Neutral Words Using emotively neutral language helps to maintain clarity and precision in logical analysis and ensures that the reasoning process is not clouded by subjective feelings or persuasive language. It's a key aspect of effective communication in academic, scientific, and philosophical discourse.
- 8. n Good Reasoning Good reasoning is the one where we are able to put all points across in the best possible manner. But there are certain obstacles that block the ways of good reasonings. These are called Impediments. So, Impediments in Good Reasoning, means blockages in the process of appropriate reasoning.
- 9. Emotively Neutral Words There are various non-rational ways of dealing with or responding to different types of arguments. They are not logical but they are followed by the masses, These non-logical ways of reasoning used by many are; Credulity (Accepting every argument), Contradiction (Rejecting every argument), Dogmatism (maintaining beliefs in light of any given argument), Skepticism (not taking any argument seriously). The attitudes are explained in detail in further slides-
- 10. Emotively Neutral Words i. Credulity: This is an attitude where the listener is seen to accept practically everything told to the listener by any speaker. Due to this, there is a possibility of the listener being victimized by him being taken for granted by others. ii. Contradiction: This just opposite of the above type. Here, the listener has a habit of rejecting every argument that is put forward. Such people are called as 'Dr. No'. this attitude makes a person refuse even valid reasoning without thinking. iii. Dogmatism: This attitude is seen when anything that is seen is interpreted in the light of some accepted belief that is most likely to be baseless. Like if one believes that 'God has created a human being in order to worship him,' the belief has no base, the belief can never be proved, but the speaker has a tendency to take every observed event as an explanation of such blind belief.
- 11. iv. Skepticism: This attitude is seen when one doubts practically everything told to him. In a way, it is good, but when stretched beyond limit, it can cause irritation in the listeners. Also, a skeptic person never takes anything seriously. So, with this types of common mistakes of reasoning, one cannot get sound and perfect reasoning easily, so, we must know of the right ways of reasoning, and on knowing them, one can handle the impediments of good reasoning effectively.
- 12. n Good Reasoning The rational way of responding to an argument involves trying (in good faith, and in a careful, reflective way) to determine whether the premises support the conclusion. In order to do this, we must maintain an open mind, and think very carefully about: (a)What is the strongest version the argument that has been given? And (b) How strong is it?
- 13. Here we can list out all possible impediments to good (rational) reasoning in the following manner: A. Lacking Adequate Vocabulary Having a limited vocabulary can hinder one's ability to articulate thoughts clearly and understand complex arguments. It restricts the range of ideas a person can express and comprehend, leading to oversimplification or misinterpretation of arguments. B. The Desire To Be Tolerant/Open-Minded While being open-minded is generally positive, an excessive desire to appear tolerant can lead to the acceptance of all viewpoints as equally valid, even when some arguments are clearly stronger or more evidence-based than others. This can prevent critical evaluation and lead to false equivalencies.
- 14. C. Misunderstanding the Point of Argument Misunderstanding occurs when the core issue or the main point of an argument is not grasped. This can result from distractions, lack of focus, or preconceived notions that cloud judgment, leading to irrelevant responses or straw man fallacies. D. The Use of Argument Stoppers Argument stoppers are phrases or tactics used to shut down debate or dismiss opposing views without proper consideration. Examples include "That's just your opinion," or "We will have to agree to disagree." These phrases can be used to avoid engaging with the substance of an argument and can halt the progress of rational discourse. Good reasoning involves the ability to think critically and logically, to evaluate evidence, and to communicate effectively. Impediments like these can obstruct the path to sound conclusions and well-supported beliefs. It's important to recognize and address these barriers to improve our reasoning skills.
- 15. The impediments of good reasoning, such as a lack of vocabulary, the desire to be overly tolerant, misunderstandings, and the use of argument stoppers, can significantly obstruct our ability to engage in effective logical discourse. These barriers can lead to poor judgments and hinder our pursuit of truth. When it comes to the use of emotive language in logic, it's important to recognize that while emotive language can powerfully influence an audience, it does not contribute to the logical validity of an argument. Emotive language can sway opinions and evoke responses, but it should be used judiciously within logical arguments to avoid clouding the facts or manipulating the emotions of others. CONCLUSIO N
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