LoRaWAN Overview for Retail
- 1. Wireless IoT for Retail RetailFuse.io 2020
- 2. About me – Alex Sneed Miller ● Previously at Target ● Now at 3M – Filtrete Smart ● (currently hiring hardware engineer) Connect @ https://www.linkedin.com/in/alexsneedmiller/
- 4. https://hightechkids.org/ ● Local MN Organizer
- 5. IoT for Retail ● Retail IoT Use Cases and Considerations ● Wireless IoT Protocol Overview ● What is LoRa/LoRaWAN ● Hardware and Software Solutions
- 6. Retail ● Multiple locations with similar attributes ● Lots of human interaction ● Varying levels of technical expertise ● Lag in task completion timing
- 7. Retail IoT Use Cases ● Tracking products ● Tracking people ● Tracking assets (i.e. carts, shelves, etc.) ● Supply Chain https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/iot-retail https://mnubo.com/blog/iot-retail-use-case/
- 8. IoT Implementation Considerations ● End Device Availability ● Wireless Infrastructure (gateways/routers/towers/etc.) ● Data Ownership ● Proprietary Lock-In ● Cost ● Security
- 9. Wireless Protocol Overview Pick 2 Long Range Low Power Data Rate
- 10. “short range” Wireless Protocols Pick 2 Long Range Low Power Data Rate
- 11. “long range” Wireless Protocols Pick 2 Long Range Low Power Data Rate
- 12. LoRa https://www.semtech.com/lora ● Long Range ● Low Power ● Low Data Rate
- 13. LoRa https://www.digikey.com/en/articles/techzone/2016/nov/lorawan-part-1-15-km-wireless-10-year-battery-life-iot https://www.metageek.com/training/resources/wifi-and-non-wifi-interference ● 915 MHz ● Chirp Spread Spectrum Cordless phone spectrum
- 14. LoRaWAN ● Defined by the LoRa Alliance https://lora-alliance.org/ ● Independent non-profit ● Open standard - https://lora-alliance.org/lorawan-for-developers ● Data Rates/Spreading Factors ● Device Classes ● Network
- 16. ● AppSKey, NwkSKey ● Frame Counters LoRaWAN Security https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/126987/security-of-an-iot-network-using-aes-lorawan
- 17. Connecting a LoRaWAN Device ● Simple at scale ● Secure ● Repeatable ● Robust ● Just 2 pieces of information needed: ● devEUI (device Id) ● appKey (security key)
- 18. Connecting a LoRaWAN Device ● Just 2 pieces of information needed: ● devEUI (device Id) ● appKey (security key) Sensor (devEUI, appKey) Gateway(s) LoRaWAN Network & Application Servers (devEUI, appKey) Your Retail Application
- 19. Connecting a LoRaWAN Device Sensor (devEUI, appKey) Gateway(s) LoRaWAN Network & Application Servers (devEUI, appKey) Your Retail Application Other network does not have keys
- 20. ● LoRa Alliance Showcase https://lora-alliance.org/showcase ● RadioBridge - https://radiobridge.com/ Devices
- 21. ● Cube Sats ● MCCI - https://github.com/mcci-catena Open Source Devices
- 22. Gateways ● LoRa Alliance Showcase ● MultiTech - https://www.multitech.com/ ● The Things Network - https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/
- 23. ● Helium ● The Things Network (Industries) ● Loriot ● MachineQ (Comcast) ● Senet LoRaWAN Networks https://radiobridge.com/blog/lorawan-network-server-providers
- 24. Open Source ● Network/Application Server ● https://chripstack.io Native integrations with GCP, Azure, AWS, MQTT, HTTP, InfluxDB, PostgreSQL, ThingsBoard
- 25. ● The Things Network Open Source Networks
- 26. ● Helium - https://www.helium.com/ Community Sourced Networks
- 27. Overview ● Long Range and Low Power are important for retail ● Easy and Secure connections ● Simple protocol makes for more reliable devices and network
- 28. Overview ● Long makRange and Low Power are important for retail ● Easy and Secure connections ● Simple protocol es for more reliable devices and network ● Questions? 3M currently hiring hardware engineer) @alexsneedmiller
- 29. Appendix
- 30. LoRaWAN Device Classes ● Class A: Downlink after Uplink (low power sensors) ● Class B: Downlink during periodic beaconing (low power actuators) (LoRaWAN 1.0.3) ● Class C: Downlink anytime
- 31. ● Application vs LoRaWAN LoRaWAN Device Stacks https://www.digikey.com/en/articles/techzone/2016/nov/lorawan-part-1-15-km-wireless-10-year-battery-
- 32. LoRaWAN Adaptive Data Rate http://jensd.be/755/network/lorawan-simply-explained
- 33. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/United_States_Frequency_Allocations_Chart_2016_- _The_Radio_Spectrum.pdf 902 – 928 MHz a.k.a “915 ISM”
- 34. ● Over The Air Activation (OTAA) ○ devEUI (device ID) ○ appKey (used to generate network and application keys) ○ nwkKey (LoRaWAN 1.1) ● Activation By Personalization (ABP) ○ hard coded keys on device and server ● AppEUI is used in public networks (not part of the key generation) Connecting a LoRaWAN Device
- 35. 902 MH z 915 MHz 928 MH z 923 MHz LoRa Spectrum/Channel Plan Sub Band: 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 Uplink Channels Downlink Channels: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 12345678 16 64 24 32 48 Uplink Channels (device-to-gateway) Downlink Channels (gateway-to-device)
- 36. 902 MH z 915 MHz 928 MH z 923 MHz LoRa Spectrum/Channel Plan Sub Band: 1 Downlink Channels: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 12345678 Uplink Channels (device-to-gateway) Downlink Channels (gateway-to-device) Uplink Channels
- 37. 902 MH z 903.8 MHz (start of sub-band 2) 928 MH z 923 MHz LoRa Sub-Band 1 (Zoomed In) Area in-between 903.8 MHz and 923 MHz not to scale 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Uplink Channel: Uplink Channels (device-to-gateway) Downlink Channels (gateway-to-device)
- 38. 902 MH z 928 MH z LoRa Sub-Band 1 (Zoomed In) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Uplink Channels: Uplink Channels (device-to-gateway) Downlink Channels (gateway-to-device)
- 39. Links ●US Frequency Chart (pretty version) ○ FCC Official Chart (page 31 has “915” ISM band) ○ http://reboot.fcc.gov/reform/systems/spectrum-dashboard ●US Code of Federal Regulations 47 (FCC Part 15) 15.247 ○ https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text- idx?c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title47/47cfrv1_02.tpl ○ Good explination of FCC part 15 from Semtech Corporaton ●LoRa Spec ○ LoRa Frequency Allocation ■ Especially 2.3.2 US902-928 Channel Frequencies
- 40. Links ●Semtech LoRa Modulation Basics (AN1200.22)