Making waves; creating more impact with your youth projects

waves
MAKING
CREATING MORE IMPACT WITH
YOUR YOUTH PROJECTS
Inspiration to raise the visibility
of your project and to improve
the dissemination and exploitation
of your project results.

Download this and other SALTO youth
work booklets for free at
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/MakingWaves/

SALTO-YOUTH
RESOURCE CENTRES Education and Culture

waves
MAKING
CREATING MORE IMPACT WITH
YOUR YOUTH PROJECTS

This document does not necessarily express the ofﬁcial views of the European Commission or the
SALTO Inclusion Resource Centre or the organisations and persons cooperating with them. Making
Waves aims to be a practical youth work publication and not an ofﬁcial policy document

SALTO-YOUTH stands for…
…‘Support and Advanced Learning and Training Opportunities within the Youth in Action
programme’. The European Commission has created a network of eight SALTO-YOUTH
Resource Centres to enhance the implementation of the EU Youth in Action programme
which provides young people with valuable non-formal learning experiences.

SALTO’s aim is to support European Youth in Action projects which address priorities such
as Social Inclusion, Cultural Diversity and Participation. SALTO also supports cooperation
with regions such as EuroMed, South-East Europe or Eastern Europe and Caucasus and
coordinates Training and Cooperation activities as well as Information tools for National
Agencies.

In these European priority areas, SALTO-YOUTH provides resources, information and
training for National Agencies and European youth workers. Several resources in the above
areas are offered at www.SALTO-YOUTH.net. Find online the European Training Calendar,
the Toolbox for Training and Youth Work, Trainers Online for Youth, links to online resources
and much, much more…

SALTO-YOUTH actively cooperates with other actors in European youth work such as the
National Agencies of the Youth in Action programme, the Council of Europe, the European
Youth Forum, European youth workers and trainers and training organisers.

The SALTO-YOUTH Inclusion Resource Centre
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/Inclusion/

The SALTO-YOUTH Inclusion Resource Centre (based in Belgium-Flanders) works together
with the European Commission to support the inclusion of young people with fewer
opportunities in the Youth in Action programme. SALTO-Inclusion also supports the
National Agencies and youth workers in their inclusion work by providing training,
developing youth work methods, spreading information via its newsletter, etc.

Besides this focus on inclusion, the SALTO Inclusion Resource Centre also carries out
horizontal tasks on behalf of the whole SALTO network, such as the Trainers Online for
Youth (TOY) database, SALTO-YOUTH.net website developments and this Making Waves
booklet about visibility, dissemination and exploitation of project results.

For more information and resources have a look at the Inclusion pages on
the SALTO-YOUTH website:

2

Table of contents
INTRODUCTION
˜ Getting started .......................................................... 4
Visibility, impact, Making Waves – What is this booklet about? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Visibility, dissemination & exploitation – Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Why should you Make Waves? – Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
PLANNING WAVES Think before you throw the first stone! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
˜
Making it easier to Make Waves – Available resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Get those Waves rolling – Draw up an action plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
What Waves do you want to Make – For whose benefit? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
The stones that Make the Waves – Project results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
The shores where your Waves arrive – Target groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
VISIBILITY Make your project known . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
˜
1. Get your identity right – Looks are important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2. Develop information material – Attract people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3. Pictures for publications – Do’s and don’t’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4. Interact with people – Get them on board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5. Working with press & media – Get free publicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
DISSEMINATION Getting your project results out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
˜
1. Showing results – Making the invisible visible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
2. Data mining – Know who to send info to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3. Tools for promotion – Publicise your results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4. Setting up a project website – Virtual promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
5. Going where the people are – Direct contact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
EXPLOITATION Making sure your results are used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
˜
1. Knowing the target group – Adapt your products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
2. Using your products and results – Provide support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
3. Thinking about the future – Sustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4. Follow-up activities for the participants, partners & co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
5. Seeing the bigger picture – Mainstreaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
6. Informing policy makers – Political action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
REFERENCES & further reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Make more Waves – Websites and publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Author and sources – At the basis of this booklet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
How to Make Waves? – Short visual overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Making Waves˜WWW.SALTO-YOUTH.NET 3

INTRODUCTION
Getting started
Visibility, impact, Making Waves
What is this booklet about?

WHERE DOES ‘MAKING WAVES’ COME FROM?
There are thousands of (international) youth projects
in Europe each year – they change the lives of hundreds of
thousands of young people, an innumerable number of great
youth activities are developed: you can imagine the wealth of
experiences and results all these projects provide… However,
often these projects end after the last day of the activity, and
someone in some ofﬁce quickly ﬁnishes the paperwork to get it
over with. The papers and pictures of the project are then put in
some bottom drawer and forgotten…

Lots of money is invested in great projects, but their visibility
is sometimes poor and the outcomes are often not used in the
way they could be. And this despite a youth project having so
much potential to be a springboard into lots of follow-up and
multiplying. With relatively little more effort, we could make
our youth projects a lot more visible to the outside world.
4 INTRODUCTION˜ Getting started

And have a lot more impact with them. It just needs some
more strategic thinking and a bit of planning…

This booklet gives you tips and ideas about what actions you
could plan in order to get the most out of your projects.

It is like throwing a stone into the water. If you throw it
nonchalantly into the water, it will only make a little splash. But
if you throw it in a more elaborate way, it will ricochet across
the water and Make a lot more Waves. This works in the same
way with a youth project. If you just organise a project for the
sake of organising it, you will of course create a little splash for
your participants, but the stone and the excitement about the
project will quickly sink. But if you think a bit more about how
you could make the most of your project and exploit its results,
your stone will bounce off the water again and again and Make
a lot more Waves.
≈ And that’s why you do youth work, isn’t it?
To provoke change in people’s heads,
To have some impact on society,
To change people’s lives for the better…

The European Commission was also
thinking along these lines. If Youth
in Action projects are to achieve the
biggest possible impact, their project
results should be disseminated and
exploited in a more consistent, co-
ordinated, sustainable and strategic
way. Project results should ﬁnd
their way into future projects and
policy processes, so that they could
beneﬁt from the experiences gained,
without having to start from zero.
This would enhance the impact and
visibility of the European programmes
considerably.

≈ ‘Therefore the European Commission decided to make the
visibility and ‘dissemination and exploitation of results
of the projects’ a priority of all its Education and Culture
programmes, including the Youth in Action programme -
http://ec.europa.eu/youth/ (2007-2013)


‘Dissemination and exploitation of results’ (formerly called
‘valorisation’) is one of the relatively new features of the
Youth in Action (YiA) programme. Therefore SALTO-YOUTH
pro-actively took up its ‘support role’ within the YiA programme
and developed this short and practical publication for
youth workers who are faced with these new requests for
‘dissemination and exploitation of results’ in their Youth in
Action projects. ‘Making Waves’ has lots of practical examples
and tips about how to increase the impact of their projects.
Similarly the YiA National Agencies are in the situation that
they have to explain to beneficiaries what ‘dissemination and
exploitation of results’ constitutes. ‘Making Waves’ could also
be used by NAs to explain to beneficiaries what it is.

For further information, inspiration and support in the field, an
additional tool has been created: EVE which is the electronic
platform for the dissemination and exploitation of results of
projects supported by programmes of Education and Culture
Directorate-General (DG), ie besides Youth In Action also
Lifelong learning, Culture and Citizenship programmes. You
can find EVE and all related information:
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/eve/about_en.htm
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/eve/about_en.htm

To stimulate this priority of ‘dissemination and exploitation of
results’, there is in some cases extra funding available from
the Youth in Action programme. ‘Making Waves’, however, is
NOT about what the required minimum of ‘dissemination and
exploitation activities’ constitutes in Youth in Action projects in
order to get this additional funding.

≈ Making Waves’ hopes to give you inspiration about how
to make the most of your project and create the best Waves
possible!

Note: In this booklet we are mainly focussing on European
Youth in Action projects or international youth projects, but
all the suggestions and tips can be easily adapted to different
contexts such as local or global youth projects. It only takes
a bit of creative thinking about how this booklet can inspire
you for your own type of activities.

6 INTRODUCTION
˜ Getting started

Visibility, dissemination & exploitation
Deﬁnitions

EXPLANATIONS OF THE TERMS USED IN
THIS BOOKLE
‘Dissemination and exploitation of project results’ is a mouthful.
That’s why the single French word ‘Valorisation’ was once used
to describe the concept:

The ‘process of disseminating and exploiting the results of projects
with a view to optimising their value, strengthening their impact,
transferring them, integrating them in a sustainable way and
using them actively in systems and practices at local, regional,
national and European levels’.
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/valorisation/index_en.html

However, the word ‘Valorisation’ doesn’t exist in
English in this meaning, and led to a lot of confusion
about what it actually was (which was also the
case in French, because the word has various other
meanings). Therefore, it is clearer to use the phrase
‘dissemination and exploitation of project results’,
and what’s more, that phrase also says what it means:

≈ On the one hand: Dissemination = spreading
information about the results of the projects to
key actors. You can use a wide variety of media to
document your project results and get them to the
most appropriate target groups.

≈ And on the other: Exploitation = making sure
the outcomes and products of the projects are
effectively used. Going a step further and making
sure that your product makes a difference and is
used in other projects or policies.

Note the difference: one thing is spreading your results around
(e.g. send around your CDrom, report, video,…), so that the
outcomes of your project are known and available to people.
But, if you want to go further and have more of an impact,
you should also make sure these results and products are used
(=exploited) by others and not just put on a pile somewhere.


This should provide a cure for the ‘bottom drawer syndrome’,
in which you nicely archive all documents and products related
to a project – and probably never look at it again. A project
should be used, built on, spark of new ideas, exploited…

In the ‘Dissemination and Exploitation Strategy for the
Youth in Action programme’, the European Commission
makes a distinction between two different types of Exploitation
of Results (effectively using your project outcomes):

≈ You can multiply the results of the project: ensuring the results
of your project are used by others, further developed in other
projects, carrying out follow-up activities to make the project
results more sustainable, adapting (elements of) your project
to other contexts, running the project again with different
people or in different settings – so that you (or others) can
build on the experience of the ﬁrst project.
≈ A second form of exploitation is the mainstreaming of results.
It is a planned process of convincing decision-makers to adopt
the experiences and results from your project and to use
them in local, regional, national or European policy, systems
or practices.

Find examples of different forms of dissemination in chapter
“Dissemination – Getting your project results out” on p 54 and
of exploitation of project results in chapter “Exploitation -
Making sure your results are used” on p 76.

Visibility is another term that is closely related to the discussion
of ‘doing more’ with your international youth project. Throughout
your project, you can show off the work you are doing. You can
use your project to get your organisation into the spotlights, you
can highlight the possibilities the Youth in Action programme
has to offer other people, you can raise your proﬁle by showing
in a coherent way what great activities you are doing,… Doing
a project is a valid reason in itself to communicate about your
activities, about your organisation and about the Youth in
Action programme to the outside world.

Find examples of visibility activities in chapter “Visibility
– Make your project known” from page 30 onwards.

8 INTRODUCTION
˜ Getting started

What’s the difference between Visibility,
Dissemination and Exploitation?
≈ Disseminating your project results also raises the visibility
and the positive image of your project and organisation.
≈ If you disseminate your project results to people that effectively
need your product, it will be more likely that they will also
‘exploit’ these.
≈ When you involve many people in your project to raise your
project’s visibility, all these on-lookers will also be interested
in the results, so you should disseminate your results to
them.
≈ Because they will feel some sense of ownership, they will most
likely also exploit the results.
≈ The type of activities you do to raise the visibility of your
project and to disseminate its results are largely similar (e.g.
promotion, meetings, mailings, press contacts,…)

It is clear that these three concepts are interconnected and
overlap. However for the sake of clarity and understanding, we
have split up these different needs, with cross-references where
appropriate.


In this booklet we will talk about visibility during the project,
whereas the dissemination and exploitation of project results
mostly happens after the project (after having achieved some
results).
We talk about dissemination of project results, when the aim
of your activities is to publicise your project results and make
them available to the outside world. Exploitation is about
adapting those project results (products) to your target group
and ensuring that they will be effectively used.

Different forms of Making Waves with your youth project

Visibility of your project (show it)
promotion, raise your proﬁle, marketing, image building, media
presence, logos and visual identity,…

Dissemination of results (spread them)
mailing lists, presentation of results, launch of products, distribution,…

Exploitation of results (ensuring they are used)
adapt them to different contexts, share your experiences, train others,
improve systems and procedures,…

Multiplying
feed your results/products into new projects, follow- up activities and
into other organisations,…

Mainstreaming
feed your results and experiences into (youth) policy, recommendations,
lobbying, change systems, …

Whatever you call it (dissemination, exploitation, valorisation,
multiplying,…), it is about increasing the impact of your youth
projects, making the limited resources (work, time, money,…)
go as far as possible, to use the experiences and results of your
projects in a multitude of different contexts, to squeeze the
most possible opportunities for change out of your youth work
– to Make the biggest possible Waves.

≈ And that’s why this booklet is called ‘Making Waves’.
If the image of ‘Making Waves’ is not clear for you, you can
replace it with ‘having an impact’ throughout the text.

10 INTRODUCTION
˜ Getting started

Why should you Make Waves?
Benefits

MAKING WAVES IS JUST COMMON SENSE
There are a range of very valid reasons for systematically
making your project visible to the outside world and for
disseminating and exploiting the results of your projects.
The point is not to ‘all of a sudden’ start working on visibility,
dissemination and exploitation of your project results because it
is a new European priority. On the contrary, making the most of
your youth projects is just common sense. If you are organising
a project anyway, why not make sure that it benefits as many
people as possible.

Youth work is not just about doing projects, it is about doing
them WELL!

Sometimes it can be difficult to get the support of your
organisation (e.g. board etc) to engage in Youth in Action
projects because they take a lot of the youth worker’s time and
also require co-funding. However the arguments above, and the
possible impact a youth project could have, can be helpful in
convincing your colleagues or board members to give it a try.
When you make clear what youth projects can achieve, they
might be more inclined to decide in favour of engaging in an
international youth project, or of even incorporating it into a
structural part of the youth work you do.

On the next page are some of the benefits of increasing the
visibility of your project and working on the dissemination and
exploitation of your project results:


≈ Do more with limited resources
Money and time are always limited. With
relatively little more investment, you can
squeeze more results and impact out of the
same project. Your youth work becomes
≈ Spread the word more efﬁcient and effective.
Presenting your experience
and showing off your Youth in Action
projects to others gives them information
that such kinds of projects are possible,
potentially also for them. You inspire
others to take on European projects.

≈ Generate savings from not
‘re-inventing the wheel’
If you base your projects on the results of similar
previous projects, adapting them to your needs and
context, surely your work is going to be easier and
quicker. You avoid making the same mistakes.

≈ Create spin-off effects
You would think that your youth project is
mainly for the young people. However, there are
lots of people involved with the project: the board,
parents, friends, local authorities, community…
Involve them for more impact.

≈ Improve the reputation and recognition
of your organisation
If you make it clear that your organisation
is behind different projects and if you show the
positive results of your activities to a larger audience,
this will raise the proﬁle of your organisation.

12 INTRODUCTION
˜ Getting started

≈ Get more funding for youth projects
If you show that your projects have a big ≈ Increase the sustainability of your
impact on young people, the youth sector, results. If you make sure your project
youth policy or society in general, then the is not a one-off activity and use the
decision makers will also be more inclined experience for new projects, for
to give money to them. continued learning, for influencing
policy, etc. your project results
last longer and benefit
more people
≈ Raise the motivation of
the young people and youth workers
When you promote your activities and
results in different media or at relevant
meetings, the people involved in the project will
be proud of their achievements. It is great for
the group-feeling: Yeah! We did it!

≈ Use your experiences to
transform and improve systems
Through working with the Youth in Action
programme, you probably have good experience
of how it functions and where there is room for
improvement. You can help to improve processes
and systems.

≈ Enhance the impact of EU funded projects
When everybody is demonstrating all the great results they
achieved and the products they developed in their Youth in
Action projects, it will convince others that European
projects are beneficial and worth
supporting.

≈ Feed the policy process
You can communicate your results to
policy makers, providing them regularly
with experience-based information and
recommendations from your youth projects
(so-called ‘mainstreaming’) to help influence
youth policy.


PLANNING
waves
Think before
you throw the first stone
THINKING ABOUT DISSEMINATION AND
EXPLOITATION STARTS BEFORE YOUR PROJECT
The Waves your project will make depend on how you throw
your stone into the water. That’s why it is important to know
how you will be throwing the stone, before you actually do so.
Because once the stone is thrown, it will sink eventually, either
after only creating a few ripples or on the contrary Making big
Waves.

Similarly, for a youth project, its impact will depend on how
well you plan the Waves in advance!

You can undertake different activities or develop different tools
to make your project visible and to ‘disseminate and exploit’ the
results of your project. However, to make sure your visibility,
dissemination and exploitation activities and tools are going
to have the expected impact, you will need to analyse your
project’s potential to Make Waves at an early stage – before
you actually start the project!

14 PLANNING WAVES
˜Think before you throw the first stone!

These questions could guide you in your reflection:

≈ What do you want to achieve =Objectives & beneficiaries
with your project? For whose benefit? of your actions
≈ What do you think is worth showing = Products, outcomes,
(to others)? What are the likely results messages from your project
of your project?
≈ Who should be impacted by the results =Target group of
of your project? your actions
≈ What kind of messages would be = Adapt your message or
most effective for them? actions to the target group
≈ What competences and resources = Available resources &
do you have available in competences
the organisation/group?
≈ What do you need to do/collect =Planning & division of tasks
during the project for your actions?
And who does what?
≈ What would all of this cost and = Budget & funding of
where do you get the time and the planned actions
money from?

The chain shows that all these questions are interrelated and
that you should make a coherent link between the ‘products and
outcomes’ of your project, which will determine more or less the
scope of what you are able to achieve with your project and for
whose benefit (objectives & beneficiaries). Depending on the
‘Target Group’ you want to reach, you will need to ‘adapt your
actions’, the timing of the message sent out and the medium
and format used. Your ‘available resources and competences’,
but also your preferences will determine what is within your
possibilities. Last but not least, you have to be clear about ‘who
and how’ you are going to ensure the visibility, dissemination
and exploitation in practise, and have a look at what ‘budget’
you need for this and where it should come from.

It is important to involve a wide variety of stakeholders in this
process.


≈ The young people should be actively involved in the planning
of project’s visibility, dissemination and exploitation – as they
will also be helping to implement it.
≈ In general it is wise to involve everyone who could be helpful
in promoting, disseminating and exploiting your project
results right from the start so that they are on board at an
early stage.
≈ And don’t forget to involve the end-users or target groups of
your products or actions. The more your results and products
are adapted to their needs, the more likely they will be used.

Making it easier to Make Waves
Available resources

WHAT RESOURCES DO YOU HAVE AND NEED TO
MAKE WAVES WITH YOUR PROJECT
You might think that carrying out visibility, dissemination &
exploitation activities is extra work, but you need to keep in
mind that your project will have a greater and longer-lasting
impact and you will raise its quality (see also chapter “Why
should you Make Waves? – Beneﬁts” on page 11).

A youth project is not just a way to ‘keep people busy’, it is not
an aim in itself. On the contrary, it helps you to achieve some
objectives, to make a change, to Make some Waves!

You have more resources than you think
When you look carefully at the different elements and stages of
your project, you will notice that you have many resources on
board that make it easier to work on the visibility, dissemination
and exploitation of the results of your project. You can plan
your project in such a way that it makes Making Waves so much
easier.

It all starts with the planning stages as described above. This
only takes some reﬂection and creative thinking. You should
involve your project partners in this process, and you could also
ask the participants or members of your organisation what they
think could be done to Make Waves with your project. Together
you can do some brainstorming about how your project can
have the biggest impact possible.

16 PLANNING WAVES

Brainstorming – Some basic rules
1. Participants should be encouraged to come up with as many ideas as possible,
however wild they are (there are no bad ideas!)
2. NO judgment should be passed on any idea until the end of the brainstorm
(whether negative or positive), no laughing at ideas, no questioning (unless
questions for clarification)
3. Participants should be encouraged to build on each other’s ideas, creating unlikely
combinations and taking each other in unexpected directions.

When the group is stuck you can stimulate the brainstorming by adding a criterion
for reflection:
≈ exaggerate (e.g. imagine what you would need to do to change the whole world)
≈ opposites (e.g. what would you need to do to have as little impact as possible)
≈ limitations (only come up with ideas that make use of e.g. 1 euro only, colour red,
your mascot,…)
≈ …

The more brains you have together, the more crazy and
innovative ideas you get to involve the local community, to
spread your products, to show off your experience, etc. At the
next stage you can choose and adapt ideas from the list you
generated, in function of what are the aims of your project, who
is the target group and what resources you have available.

Participants and partners are full of resources
The seeds of visibility, dissemination and exploitation could
be sown as early as with the selection of the participants.
The young participants in your project are a vital resource for
Making Waves.
≈ You could make it clear that there will be different kinds of
follow-up activities after the project. The participants that
sign up will be more committed and more likely to continue
implementing the results of the project.
≈ During the project, you can also work with the participants on
how best to multiply their experiences, so that they become
actors in the exploitation process of your project.
≈ You can also find out what sort of networks your participants
have access to (e.g. friends, sports clubs, gaming community,
etc.). These could also be useful in spreading information and
results about your project. Ask your participants how they
could help you in promoting your project or disseminating its
results.
≈ …

In the same way as the programme is developed in partnership,
the partner organisations in your project should be involved
from the beginning in reﬂecting what impact you want to make
with the project. It doesn’t have to be exactly the same in all the
countries (because opportunities for visibility, dissemination
and exploitation vary), but if you are clear what kind of results
you want to achieve with the project and how to spread it and
ensure the results are used, then it is easier to work on it together.
You could also speciﬁcally look for partner organisations with
existing networks or contacts (who could be used to spread
results), so you need to know what links your partners have
with other organisations, sectors, etc.

Check what competences
are available to you with-
in your organisation or
amongst your participants.
Some of the young people
could be computer wiz-kids
(which would prove handy
in setting up a website),
one of the youth workers
may be into drawing or
photography (which would
help with the illustration of
your publications), some-
one may be good at writing
(and could be the editor of
your information material),
etc. You might be surprised
by the competences you
have already available
within your group(s) of
people!

18 PLANNING WAVES

Know your strengths and weaknesses:
Make a SWOT analysis
Have a look inside your organisation. What (within your organi-
sation) are your strong points, and what are your weak points
regarding ‘Making Waves’ with your project? What do you have
available to you within your organisation which could impact
your projects (strengths) and what is lacking (weaknesses). As
these weaknesses are internal to your organisation, you could
try to improve them (e.g. through training, getting more people
with varying competences in, etc.) or by primarily focussing on
your strengths.

But your project is also rooted in a context, it takes place in a
world outside which you can not (easily) change. When you
are thinking of ‘Making Waves’ with your project, what are the
external factors that could cause problems for the visibility,
dissemination and exploitation of your project results (threats)
and what is there around you which might make it easier to
have an impact with your project (opportunities). Again, the
message is to exploit the opportunities to the fullest, and have a
plan B ready if a threat rears its ugly head.

SWOT INTERNAL to your project/organisation
Example (within your control or influence)

Strengths Weaknesses
IT skills e.g. e.g. lack of money
own print shop e.g. e.g. unmotivated
(for gadgets, shirts,…) young people
experienced e.g. e.g. no interest in
partner organisations political work
POSITIVE … … NEGATIVE
(something that (something
helps you to that hinders you
Make Waves) Opportunities Threats Making Waves)
elections e.g. e.g. elections
(interested politicians) (politicians too busy)
sponsorship e.g. e.g. competitors
large network e.g. e.g. other big
parents e.g. news stories
… (no media)

EXTERNAL to your proj
project/organisation
(beyond of your control)


This SWOT exercise makes you conscious about your internal
strengths and weaknesses, and the external opportunities and
threats. It is important to take them into account while drawing
up your visibility, dissemination and exploitation plan.

At the same time, knowing who is good at what (strengths)
or who needs to improve at what (weaknesses) is helpful
when dividing tasks. Similarly, the threats and opportunities
might have an influence on the timing or the nature of your
dissemination and exploitation activities.

It is useful to have a look at what kind of products already
exist and find a gap that you could fill - instead of repeating
what others have done. Addressing some needs which have
not yet been met is certainly a great opportunity for your
project and will contribute to its successful exploitation.

What does it cost?
There are most probably also some extra costs linked to
spreading and exploiting your results. It is important to calculate
how much the different visibility, dissemination and exploitation
activities are likely to cost? Put figures/costs on the different
activities and include them in your project’s budget. Think
creatively about how you are going to get the money to pay for
this? And be realistic. You may be able to include some things
in your application for funding. For other exploitation efforts,
you may need to find other resources (volunteers, co-funding,
contributions in kind, your organisation, town council, etc). It is
important to show clearly the added value of your dissemination
and exploitation ideas.

You could find some inspiration for this in the chapter
“Why should you Make Waves? – Benefits” on page 11.

More about budgetting in the T-kit about Funding and
financial management at www.training-youth.net

20 PLANNING WAVES

Get those Waves rolling
Draw up an action plan

STEP BY STEP THINKING TO PREPARE
FOR MAKING WAVES
So you found out what you want to achieve, for whom and with
what resources. You adapt your message and dissemination and
exploitation actions to your target group, taking into account
your strengths and weaknesses, as well as possible opportunities
and threats. And then the real work can start.

In order to be able to do your visibility, dissemination and
exploitation activities, you first need to document the results
of the project or produce your products. You need to know
what kind of final product you are hoping for so that you can
plan what steps need to be taken to get there.

Often it is a clever idea to involve the end-users of your
products in the development of these products, so that they
are as much as possible adapted to the needs of the people
who should use them.
More about this in section “Knowing the target group” on
page 77.

For example:
≈ If you want to show statistics, you need to think of systematically
collecting numbers during your project, because it will be a lot
more difficult afterwards.
≈ If you want to show potential future participants how great
the experience was, you might need to film some of those fun
moments for a promo video later.
≈ If you relate a detailed account of all the methods used in your
project, someone needs to consider writing them down or
recording them on video.
≈ If you want to give participants a Youthpass certificate which
states what they have learnt, there will need to be some
moments during your project when the participants reflect on
their learning and write it down.
≈…


The following structure could help you plan the implementation
of your visibility, dissemination and exploitation activities:

1. What is your aim?
For whom are you doing it ?
Beneficiaries: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.................
3. Which shores are
5. Where, how & who 4. What waves do you you targeting? What
to collect & throw the want to make? are the needs of your
stones? Task division: Your dissemination & target group?:
................... exploitation action: ..................
...................

2. What stones do you
have to ‘Make Waves’?
Your product /results:
...................

1. What is your aim? What are you trying to achieve and for
whose beneﬁt?
e.g. include more young people with a disability in international
youth projects
2. What are the likely results? What stones can you throw?
e.g. publication, policy recommendations, learning,…
3. Whom are you targeting? Whom do you want to impact
with your actions?
e.g. local politicians, policy makers, the mayor
4. What dissemination or exploitation action do you want to
carry out?
e.g. recommend to politicians to give extra co-funding for
special needs
e.g. go and make your point at a town council meeting
What kind of message, action does your target group need,
in what timing and format?
e.g. a factual message, stating how much more it costs to cater
for special needs
e.g. probably linked to some disability event (e.g. Disability
Day), with media involved

22 PLANNING WAVES

5. What do you need to collect to be able to spread such a
message? Who does it?
e.g. collect and calculate extra costs due to special needs
– host + sending organisation
e.g. document visually (pictures, videos) the difficulties faced
– project photographer
e.g. write down the recommendations, based on facts
– president of organisation

When thinking through these various questions, you will come
to a well thought-through action plan. The following chapters
will give you ideas and tips on how to implement the different
steps of your visibility, dissemination and exploitation actions.

What Waves do you want to Make
For whose benefit?

KNOW WHOM AND WHAT YOU ARE DOING
THE PROJECT FOR
You should start thinking about ‘what impact you want to
make with your project?’. This goes hand in hand with the
aims of your youth project, with the reasons for your organi-
sation’s existence, as well as with your motivation for being a
youth worker and doing international youth activities. What
change do you want to make in society? It will pretty much
depend on your aims, on what kind of Waves you want to be
Making with your project.

Another part of the same question is: who is/should be the
‘beneficiary’ of the results of your project. For whom are
you doing it? Who should get something out of it? The most
obvious answer would be ‘the young people’, but surely also
your organisation or you personally want to get something from
the activities, probably also the institutions funding them, etc.

Mostly youth organisations use international projects as a lever
for change. Depending on your aims and on the ‘beneficiaries’
you will have to undertake different visibility, dissemination
and exploitation actions, so that you can optimalise the use of
the results of your project to achieve your objectives.


Some examples:

Aim Beneficiary Action

Get better known and Your youth You can use the results of a project to
recognised as an organisation raise the profile of your organisation as
organiser of international an ‘international player’
projects, and get an How? e.g. you focus on being visible:
‘international reputation’ putting your logo and contacts on all
documents, publications, T-shirts,…
and you communicate a lot about
the international project(s) you are doing

Learning about other Young people You can reinforce the impact your
cultures and being more project has had on young people’s
inclusive and open tolerance levels, by making sure their
training is continued after coming back
from the youth project.
How? e.g. you can encourage the young
people to continue the international
contacts they made, by being part of an
international club, helping in
the organisation of the next
international activity,…

Create more opportunities Young people What is lacking is financial support for
for young people, especially with limited those kids in difficult situations.
those in difficult situations financial means With the positive results or reputation of
your projects, you could lobby the town
council to get co-funding for less
privileged participants in your projects.
How? e.g. by showing how beneficial
these international projects are at one
of the town council meetings, lobby
town councillors,… and suggest
creating a fund for the support of
the less privileged youth

… … …

24 PLANNING WAVES

Mostly there is a mosaic of different beneficiaries involved
and different things your project wants to achieve for them. It
is important to be conscious of what you are trying to achieve
for the different beneficiaries, because it will influence the type
of activities or tools you need to develop in order to Make a
successful Wave with your project.

The ambitions you have for your organisation (e.g. get funding,
find members, train youth workers,…) are very different from
those of the young people in your organisation (e.g. have fun, find
a job, go abroad,…) and again different from those of the sponsors
(e.g. European citizenship, visibility of EU programmes,…) or the
people on the periphery of the project (e.g. parents, neighbours,
peers,…).

As a project organiser you are at the cross-roads of these
various agendas and will have to find a way to satisfy a
selection of those needs.
Be realistic about what you can achieve, but don’t be shy
about having ambitious aims for your project.

Don’t re-invent the wheel. Many European youth projects have
been carried out before yours. It could be good to have a look
at what has already been done. There are many databases
documenting projects: contact or team up with some of the
youth workers involved. This will enable you to learn some
lessons from others’ experiences and avoid making the same
mistakes. You can adapt elements from previous projects to
your context and group. Use ideas of existing products, build on
existing practice, open your eye-blinkers. This way your project
becomes more efficient and of a higher quality.

≈ So if you are thinking of using an international project to raise
awareness and attract media interest, other projects might have
previously been successful in doing so. Contact them to get ideas
and tips.
≈ If you want to produce a CDrom with games, consider checking
around to see how many exist already and if you could combine
efforts, create another combined version of a games collections.
≈…

Your work will be so much more efficient!


The stones that Make the Waves
Project results

START FROM YOUR PROJECT RESULTS
TO MAKE WAVES
The starting point of all impact is the project that you are planning
to run. This is the stone you can Make Waves with. Before you
can plan your visibility, dissemination and exploitation activities
or tools, you will need to think about what will be the likely
results and products of your activities? What are the parts
or moments of the project that are worth showing off from the
point of view of the receivers? What is likely to emerge from
your activities – and how can these results be used to have the
greatest possible impact?

Here is an overview of different types of results that can result
from youth projects:

Tangible & visible results (which you can touch or see)

≈ Products: CDrom, a theatrical play, a report, a video/DVD,
a song book, a mini-dictionary, artistic creations, a handbook,
a powerpoint presentation, a website, t-shirts, gadgets,…

Intangible & invisible results (which you can’t touch or see
directly)

≈ Experiences & learning: language skills, openness towards
other cultures, international friendships, organisational
competences, conﬂict management, group dynamics, living and
working in a group, learning about the topic of the activity,
survival skills in another country, entrepreneurship and
creativity, IT skills, personal development,…

26 PLANNING WAVES

≈ Methods & approaches: simulation games, energisers, group
dynamics, conflict management, cooperation processes, lessons
learnt, exchange of ideas, negotiation skills, improvisation …
≈ (European) cooperation & networks: European partner-
ships, international cooperation, transnational sharing of
practices, European dimension/approach, feeling of being
European/internationalist, mutual support, Europe is my stage
on which I am an actor,…
≈ Policy lessons & recommendations: indication of problem
areas, recommendations to policy makers, suggestions for ideal
society, looking at society with the eyes of young persons or from
youth work perspective, appropriateness of funding available,
feedback on programmes and processes,…

When we are talking about ‘project results’ in this booklet, it
can be any of the categories above.

It is easy to show and disseminate concrete tangible products
(e.g. a CDrom, a book,…). But, as you can see from the overview
above, most of the results from youth projects are intangible
or invisible (e.g. learning, approaches, cooperation,…). The
challenges lies not so much in working more towards tangible
products, but in making the invisible results from youth
projects visible, so that they can be shared with others.

You can find many ideas on this in section “Showing results
– Making the invisible visible” on page 55.

The shores where your Waves arrive
Target groups

HAVE SOME IMPACT ON THE RIGHT PEOPLE AT
THE RIGHT LEVEL
So you know what kind of stones you will have (the likely results of
your project). You have thought of the kind of Waves you want to
Make, for whose benefit. Your aims and beneficiaries will steer you
already in a certain direction in terms of what kind of activities or
tools you can develop to Make Waves with your project, to increase
its impact.


However, another important factor is also whom you want to
target: whom do you want to impact, who is the receiver of your
visibility, dissemination and exploitation activities and tools?

≈ If you want to influence policy with the conclusions or problems
encountered in your youth project, then you will be most
likely targeting politicians with some actions (e.g. lobbying,
organising a campaign based on your project).
≈ However if your main aim is to increase the competences of the
young people taking part in your projects, then you will probably
be doing lots of follow up activities for your participants to
continue with the non-formal learning.
≈ Or if you want to train youth workers involved in your organi-
sation, you will probably want to document the methods and
approaches used in the project in a very detailed way, so that
other youth workers can easily implement the next one.
≈…

The shores of your Waves
Make a list the people you need to influence in order to achieve
the aims you set (e.g. young people, politicians, youth workers,
parents, etc). Because your visibility, dissemination and
exploitation activities or tools will need to be adapted to the
target group you want to have an impact on, you will need to
find out what kind of messages the target group is sensitive to,
you will need to address their needs with your activities and
tools, in order to have an impact on them. Think about the
medium and type of support best suited to reaching your target
group with your dissemination & exploitation efforts. Are there
times that are better or worse for contacting the target group?
(e.g. holiday periods, elections, linked events in media, etc.)

28 PLANNING WAVES

The key message is that you need to throw different kind of
stones into the water, to reach different shores with your
Waves. You have to adapt your visibility, dissemination and
exploitation activities to the people you want to reach.

There are different levels of Making Waves: Micro – Meso
– Macro, according to the type of projects or the type of actors
involved.

≈ Micro-level impact focuses on the project itself – the parti-
cipants of the project, young people in the youth organisations,
the local community and partner organisations directly
linked to the project.
≈ Meso-level impact targets the youth sector more widely – as
opposed to the individual project; youth workers, multipliers,
other organisations active in the youth sector.
≈ Macro-level impact is about feeding policy developments –
at national or European level, or at the level of the European
programme, rather than at individual projects.

An organisation could decide to work to have an impact at
any of these levels, however youth projects mostly have the
greatest impact at the micro-level. Nevertheless, efforts could
be made to share results and have an impact at the meso-
level: this way other youth organisations can benefit from
your experiences. Macro-level impact is mostly only achieved
by bigger organisations or networks or at specific national or
European events or working groups where feedback is sought
to steer developments of existing programmes.

Working at one level doesn’t exclude working at another level:
you do follow-up activities with the individual participants in
your project, and at the same time try to influence European
policy and programmes. Mostly however, the level at which
your impact will be most relevant depends on the size of your
project, the available budget and the partners involved.

Working on impact at one particular level is not necessarily
better or worse than at any other level, as long as you do what
is within your ability to Make some great Waves.


VISIBILITY
Make
your project known
GET YOUR PROJECT INTO THE SPOTLIGHT
The simplest way to Make Waves with your activities, is to
get them known. You can do your project on your little island,
behind the façade of your youth organisation. However if you
communicate about your project and involve many people,
it will become a lot more visible. It will also contribute to the
positive image of the project, your organisation and funders.
We call this visibility in this booklet.

If your project is not known or visible, then it certainly will not
impact people. But if you consistently show off what great work
you are doing…
≈ you will get a lot of social credit (a positive image)
≈ which later might be a ﬁrst step towards more funding
(because people know you have experience in doing good
projects),

30 VISIBILITY
˜ Make your project known

≈ you will recruit more members (because young people have
seen that your project was fun and interesting)
≈ you will get more parental support (because they want their
kids to have the same opportunities as the young people
involved in that project some time ago)
≈…

There are a whole variety of tools and activities that increase
the visibility of your project or of the organisations, youth
workers and funders behind the project. You can use the project
as ‘an excuse’, to get your organisation known, to raise its proﬁle
(as organiser of great international youth projects), to show the
European funding you got and to be visible. You can combine
the communication and promotion of your project and that of
your organisation.

We keep on repeating, that in order to reach a target
audience, you will ﬁrst need to know who they are and what
their needs are – what type of messages do they relate to,
what kind of things do they want to hear/read/participate in
– what is the best time for this message to be delivered– and
what would be the best medium for delivering this message
(within your available budget).
See also “The shores where your Waves arrive – Target
groups” on page 27.


1. Get your identity right
Looks are important

PRESENT YOURSELF IN A COHERENT AND
ATTRACTIVE WAY TO THE WORLD
Before you start communicating towards the outside world,
you need to know what kind of image you want to send out.
Think a bit about the identity of your project. The following tips
give you ideas and inspiration to catch people’s smiles and stay
in their minds.

≈ Get an easy, attractive, funny, meaningful title for your
project. This will be the label that will be used in all your
communication and publicity. Therefore it should catch
people’s attention, but still say what the project is about if
this is the only information one gets.
≈ Add the name of your organisation to the title of your
project to become closely associated with it, a bit like sponsors
do in sports tournaments (e.g. Camel Trophy, Rolex Golf cup)
and use it systematically!
≈ Systematically link one symbol, logo, image or gadget to
your project (e.g. like the frogs and ducks for SALTO Inclusion –
see www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/inclusion/). This doesn’t have to
be expensive, if you are creative. You can then systematically
add this image to your letters, to a welcome pack, print it on
T-shirts, etc…
≈ Develop a subtitle for your project, which explains what the
project is about (e.g. ‘Making Waves’ ~ Creating more impact
with your youth projects) or a so-called tag-line or strap-line.
These are a few words that actually say what the project, or
your organisation is about. Some famous examples are ‘Nokia
– connecting people’, ‘Nike – just do it’, etc. It needs to be short,
simple and to highlight the main aspect of your project (or
organisation).
≈ If you want to go even further, develop a (graphic) ‘house
style’ and determine what your publications should look like.
The different materials you will develop within the project (or
your organisation) will then have a clear visual link to each
other. The basic elements of a ‘house-style‘ are: logo/symbol,
the colours used (for text, headings or background),

32 VISIBILITY

the type-face family and some templates for a page layout
(with it’s white spaces and positioning of various elements).
You can get ideas and inspiration from examples of professional
‘house styles’ e.g. www.cam.ac.uk/cambuniv/style/;
www.nhsidentity.nhs.uk/designstyle/;
www.volleyballengland.org > Style Guide,…

The central message is: use a consistent look!
And stick this look on all your information material but also
on the products that emerge from your project!

Don’t forget the others!
You are not the only one who wants to get some visibility with
your project! Also the people and institutions that support you
want to be visible in your activities: they gave you money and
helped you after all. Often funding contracts (such as those of
the Youth in Action programme) contain a clause about the
use of the logo and standard text regarding the funder. Think
of putting their logo on all information material and products
which are partially or entirely funded by these various funding
schemes.

Besides the fact that it often is a contractual obligation, it
also makes sense to show where you get your funding from,
because it means that these bodies have approved your
project and are in a way a guarantor for its quality.

The Youth in Action programme requires you to do something
similar. The contract for a granted project mentions the following:

Article I.9 – Publicity, Property and Liability
The beneﬁciary shall acknowledge the grant support received
under the Youth in Action Programme in any document dissemi-
nated or published, in any product or material produced with
the grant support, and in any statement or interviews given, in
accordance with the visual identity guidelines provided by the
European Commission. The acknowledgement shall be followed by
a disclaimer stating that the content of the publication is the sole
responsibility of the publisher and that the European Commission
is not liable for any use that may be made of the information. […]
From the Youth in Action grant agreement


≈ This means effectively that you need to add a phrase like “This
project has been funded by the European Commission’s Youth
in Action programme” on all information material: leaflets,
posters, press releases, reports, publications, newsletters,
magazines, etc.
≈ You will also need to use a disclaimer in publications stating
that “This publication reflects the views only of the author,
and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use
which may be made of the information contained therein.”
≈ As a third standard element, you would need to add the
European Commission’s Youth in Action logo to your
publications and info materials. See
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/publ/graphics/
identity_en.html
≈ It is useful to have a standard description of the Youth in
Action programme, to convey a coherent description in all
various publications, and to all possible readers. Here is a
suggestion of standard text:
“The Youth in Action programme funds and supports European
projects for young people aged between 13 and 30 years old. The
programme aims to develop a sense of personal responsibility,
initiative, concern for others, civic participation and active
involvement amongst young people at local, national and
European level. The programme also helps to improve support
systems for youth activities.
The European Commission finances the Youth in Action
programme and it is executed in [country] by [name National
Agency] – http://ec.europa.eu/youth/ [or national website]”
NOTE: this phrase can vary from country to country and in
different languages – check with your national agency for the
desirable phrasing.

In general it is nice to mention all the people that have helped
you in making your project possible. Keep a list of the persons
and organisations that contributed to your project and add them
in a ‘Thank you’ section of your report, of your powerpoints,
of other documents… and also make sure they get a copy of the
publications.
Envisage some special attention at the end of the project
for all your supporters. This could be an invitation to a little
reception, this could be a gadget from the activity, this could
be the final report or video, etc., the choice is yours.

34 VISIBILITY

2. Develop information material
Attract people

MAKE OTHERS INTERESTED IN YOUR PROJECT
AND ITS RESULTS
Once you have developed your visual identity (see above), it
is time to start sticking this visual identity on different kinds
of information and promo material. We want to stress that the
point is not to make as much funny and creative informative
material as possible, but on the contrary that you use your
(limited) resources in the most efficient way possible to achieve
the aims of your project, adapted to the target group that you
want to reach.

There is a large variety of information material that you can
develop. The most common ones are leaflets or brochures.
People should preferably read your leaflets, so they should
be attractive, with a nice balance between pictures and text.
The text should read easily and points should be made clearly
(adapted to your target group).

Show a draft to your target group and ask for feedback
before you publish large (and expensive) quantities.
Find some useful tips for “Pictures for publications –
Do’s and don’t’s” on page 38.


You could also design posters to get people to come to a speciﬁc
activity or event. Make sure you mention all the necessary details
(e.g. full date and time, place and how to get there, entrance fee if
any, organised by whom, obligatory legal mentions, according to
country, etc). It is easier for the users if you add little paper tabs
that people can tear off the poster (e.g. stapled to the bottom of
the poster) with the basic information: date, time, place, website
or phone number for more information. It is easier to put it in
your pocket and take it home.

Make sure you add your contact details to all info material.
Also think what the likeliest and easiest ways for people to
contact you will be.
E.g. young people might prefer Chat (MSN, ICQ, Yahoo
messenger) or SMS text messages (via mobile phone), in areas
with limited computers and internet access, email is less useful.
When contacted, reply swiftly
and professionally – of course
using your house style where
appropriate.
Think ahead.
Is the information in your publi-
cations likely to change?
If your contact details might
change, might it be better to
give a website-address where
you could easily update details.
If you are not sure about certain
activities, only mention them
vaguely. Or put all the info
with potential for change on
a separate insert which you
can change easily and cheaply
some time down the road (e.g.
a page with contact details).

A guideline for developing various kinds of promotional texts
or information material is the AIDA Model.

36 VISIBILITY

The AIDA-Model
AIDA is an acronym, which comes from the marketing world,
and which is used as a guideline for selling a product or service,
but it can easily be adapted to writing an ‘efficient’ text; a text
that has the intended effect. Mostly the texts (or information
material) we develop wants the reader to take action (e.g. come
to an event, register for a newsletter, donate money, read the
publication,…).

A text/publication should lead the reader through 4 AIDA phases:
A - Attention: it needs to attract the attention of the reader – this
can be done in a visual way, being creative, using uncommon
formats,… and with an attractive, funny or appealing title or
picture on the cover.
I - Interest: next, when the person starts reading, the text
should catch the reader’s interest, for example by showing in
short what they will find in the text, what is in it for them, why
they should continue reading, what are the advantages and
benefits.
D - Desire: further down, you need to convince the reader
that they should want to cooperate or take action, that they
actually want to help out with your project (e.g. by donating
money, by coming to your meeting, by visiting your website,…).
You convert the initial interest to desire. Often this step tries to
convince the reader that the project or product is valuable.
A - Action: this phase leads the readers towards taking action (e.g.
visiting your website, reading your publication, attending your
meeting,…). It should contain in a short paragraph all needed
info so that the reader can take this action easily e.g. mention
clearly whom to contact for more info, where to get copies of your
report, what website to visit, which account number etc.
More about the AIDA model at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDA_(marketing)

The next step would be to send around your information and
promotional material. There are a wide variety of promotional
activities you can do to publicise your project (and increase its
visibility), which are similar to publicising your ‘project results’
(dissemination).

These Tools for Promotion are described in chapter “Tools for
promotion – Publicise your results” on page 66.


3. Pictures for publications
Do’s and don’t’s

THE BEST PICTURES FOR THE BEST
PUBLICATIONS
Visual elements, such as pictures, make information material
and reports a lot more attractive. Especially when targeting
young people, you should strike a balance between information
(text) and looks (pictures, layout, visuals). This section gives
you some practical hints about getting the right pictures for
your promo-material and reports.

Read these picture guidelines before you start your project
and before you start taking photos that will be inappropriate
for your publications. Of course you can have any other
pictures, as your personal souvenirs. These speciﬁcations
refer to the general practice in using images in publications
and information material.

picture selection
1. The photos chosen should be those which will best illustrate
the project.
≈ Make sure that the person writing the content of your
publication and the person collecting the pictures agree on
the type of photos that will best illustrate the project.
≈ Inform the photographer about the kind of picture you would
like to have. It should generally be a close-up of someone or
something – or if you have more distant photos, you can cut
a section out of them.
≈ If pictures depict persons in a recognisable way, permission
should be asked from this person before publishing it any-
where. You could solve this by having a tick box in your
registration forms, asking if you can use photos taken in the
context of your project.

2. Pictures should contain an obvious link to the project.
≈ The subject of the photo should either illustrate the spirit
of the project or be of an important person involved in or
visiting the activity.

38 VISIBILITY

3. Pictures should, whenever possible, have people in them.
≈ Photos should be of people’s faces and/or upper body rather
than of their entire body. Also make sure people ‘look nice’
and do not have their eyes shut.
≈ A usable photo should contain between 1-3 people. The
measure of close-up must be worked out accordingly. Avoid
big gaps between people.
≈ Pictures should when possible contain a recognisable project
identifier and/or a Commission or Youth in Action logo
somewhere in the background and those of other funders.
Often the hint of a name or a logo – just a few letters – may
be sufficient to suggest a full name (e.g. a logo on a cap, a T-
shirt, a flag or a publication in someone’s hand).
≈ The picture’s background should always be interesting,
pertinent and appealing. It should not contain unnecessary
detail or irrelevant surroundings that detract interest from
the subject. E.g. the backdrop of a meeting held in a hotel or
meeting room will be similar whether it takes place in Asia,
Africa or the Middle East. Therefore try when possible to select
photos with a more culturally specific backdrop.

4. A picture in which there is action is preferable to one that is
static (e.g. a photo of a person pulling in a net is preferable to one
of a person sitting and fishing).
≈ When photographing people at work make sure they are
concentrating on their work rather than looking up and
smiling at the camera. Take a profile or 3/4 front picture of
them.

5. “Before and after” photos documenting the history of the
project should be taken, as should pictures of special events
(e.g. launches, openings, demonstrations, evenings and so on)
and project visits by important dignitaries, officials and/or
personalities.


picture specifications
≈ Make sure both vertical and horizontal photos are taken.
The insertion of either kind in publications will often depend
on the space available alongside the text.
≈ Make sure the images are not blurred, static or too dark.
The photos should be sharp, active, colourful (red, yellow,
orange) and correctly contrasted (to allow for black and
white photocopying).
≈ The resolution of digital pictures should be high enough for
high quality print. Usually they should be at least more than
500kb. You can always downscale the resolution for use on
the web, but not the other way around.

picture information
≈ Never forget to include a caption under the image: tell people
what they are looking at.
≈ Always mention the name of the
organisation or person that owns the
copyright alongside the picture.

tip
If you are only looking for images
to illustrate your text (and not
your actual project and people),
there are several photo databases
online where you can ﬁnd pictures
to use free of charge, provided you
mention the source.
E.g. www.ﬂickr.com,
www.pdphoto.org, www.sxc.hu, etc.

40 VISIBILITY

4. Interact with people
Get them on board

MAKE YOUR PROJECT VISIBLE TO THOSE
AROUND IT
You don’t always need to go and look far to get publicity for
your project or project results. The people directly around you
are ideally placed to inform and convince about the greatness of
your project. Mostly it is the people closest to you who provide
most support for your project, especially in smaller communities
where people know each other well.

Inform people about your project
One way to increase the visibility of your project is to inform the
people around you about it. Invite them to your information
and promotional events; inform them about your project and
its results. This can go from a simple information meeting, with
drinks and snacks, to more dynamic cultural evenings. With a
little bit of creativity, you can organise meetings or activities
that attract people. It is again Important to envisage what your
target group would be interested in.
See section “Tools for promotion – Publicise your results” p 66.

≈ Organise a speciﬁc meeting to present the project (or the
project results). Make sure it will not be a boring presentation,
but use visual aids and dynamic methods. Make a Powerpoint
presentation, a sketch or slide-show presentation about the
project. You could have some former participants telling
their story. Encourage interactions (e.g. one participant at
each table) and questions & answers.
≈ Depending on the target audience, the title ‘information
meeting’ might not sound very appealing. Instead you could
make it a ‘Cheese & Wine’ evening, or a cultural evening/
afternoon (about the country in question) with some food
and drink from that country. This sounds more appealing,
and during the evening, you can still give your presentation.
≈ Give people something they would be interested in –
something they would get up from their couch for! Besides
the cultural dishes suggested above, there could also be a
quiz with prizes to win, a concert with music they like to hear
(before or after some presentations), a party/activity in a
funky location, meeting someone famous,…


≈ Use the resources you have available. It often is a good idea
to involve the participants that have been on a previous
project to tell about their experiences. It is nice for them to
share their stories, and at the same time you have another
few volunteers that can help you organise the activity. If you
currently have foreign participants, they can also tell about
their experiences. This makes it a lot more real.
≈ Organise an information caravan or bus to go to the different
areas of your town/region, to inform the people about the
project that you are doing or the results from it.
≈ List your activity in the local town info newspaper or on the
town info boards (if you have those). Get yourself on the
cultural agenda.
≈ Go and present your project in the local school, organisations,
meetings, events, etc.
≈ Sow the seeds of future contacts: Leave messages where
your target group goes. You can leave a stack of leaﬂets, ask
if you can hang a poster on the wall (with a tear-off strip with
your website and contacts). Make sure you get permission to
do so – and keep an eye on your stock – adding more when
needed or tidying up your display when needed.
≈ Don’t forget the power of occasional contacts: a chat with
someone in your organisation, in the shop down the street, at
a family dinner, etc. Talk about the project around you, and
you’ll notice that many people get interested in your projects.
And sometimes they might even have something on offer for
you (some help, some contacts, some suggestions, some money,
their niece that also wants to participate,…). It is like being a
missionary for your project.
≈ And if you really want to inform everybody in the town, do
a letter-box drop, putting some information material in all
letter boxes.
≈ If you have more resources and energy, do something bigger
such as a youth festival or a European Day, with various
activities, various workshops, various things to taste or try
out etc. Of course, this goes beyond the promotion of your
project, but it could be one of the elements.

42 VISIBILITY

≈ Also attract people virtually to your project and activities
(very handy when you are actually abroad in a project). You
could write a web log (blog) and post regular impressions
about the project online, with the possibility for outside people
to comment on pictures or stories, or leave messages in the
guest book. Similarly, add images or funny downloads, add
links to videos online (e.g. youtube.com, www.vimeo.com)
related to your project, etc. However, for a blog to be
visited, it needs to be of interest to the user (e.g. use easy
language, anecdotes, short texts, visual elements,…) and most
importantly, it needs to be updated regularly so that every
time the user ﬁnds something new on it.
≈ …

Find more tips and tricks about “Setting up a project website
– Virtual promotion” on page 70.

Encourage other people in the project (youth workers and
participants) to spread the word. But before they do that, they
need to identify with the project, they need to feel it’s theirs.
You can create a sense of ownership of the project by allowing
the young people to fully participate, take part in the decision
making about the project, come up with their own suggestions
for the project, put them in charge of parts of the project that
they are interested in (e.g. developing posters, website, organising
a fundraising party, etc). This way it becomes their project and
their excitement about it will spill over to the people around
them.

Hart’s ‘ladder of participation’ is a useful tool to gradually
increase people’s involvement in projects – read more about it
in “Going International – Opportunities for ALL” – download
this publication from
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/GoingInternational/


How to involve people from the local community?
An active way to draw people to your projects, is to actively
involve them. A variety of people could contribute to your
project in many different ways. By involving many people, your
project will have a bigger spin-off effect, and many people will
be informed about the work you are doing: a good way to raise
visibility.

≈ If you are hosting young people from a different country, a
home stay would be a great occasion for the families of your
own participants to become more involved and connected to
the international projects you are organising – and maybe
they will also catch the international virus.
≈ Invite interested people to the project meetings – make it
standard practice to announce all the meetings and make
them open to everyone. The reports or the decisions of the
meeting should also be made public, so people know how
decisions are taken and how they can participate in them.
Ask some targeted people personally if they would like to join
a steering group.
≈ Put an idea-box in your youth club or youth organisation,
where people can drop their ideas or feedback at any
moment. Make sure you empty the idea box regularly and
communicate openly about the suggested ideas.
≈ If youth workers or young people from your foreign partner
organisations are visiting (e.g. to prepare the project or during
the project) you could use them as ambassadors and do a
tour of some related youth organisations, important persons,
policy makers, etc.
You could organise some common activities or dinners.
≈ …

44 VISIBILITY

Make sure you publicise the possibility of contributing to
your project in different ways, ranging from word of mouth to
articles in magazines, from reports of your meeting to posters
on the wall… It is very important to follow up promptly on
the contributions and suggestions you get. If people offer
something to you and they don’t get a reply (within a few days),
they will never offer anything else in the future. Take good care
of all contributions you get: thank them for the contribution,
let them know how you will take their ideas into account (or
why not).
Keep a list of all the people that want to or did contribute, so
that you can also keep on informing them about the state of
play of your project (e.g. via personalised letters, using your logo
and house style, maybe adding a little gadget/present, etc), or so
you could potentially contact them again for a future project.
Don’t forget to invite them if there is a closing event or an
exhibition.

More about this in chapter “Don’t forget the others!” on
page 33.

Go where the people are
Another way of catching the attention of people is to go where
they are. Engage in visibility campaigns (with your posters,
leaﬂets or online) or go and present your project at different
forums where your target group is present. You can either
promote your project (raise the visibility) – or your project
results (dissemination of results).

We have chosen to detail this promotional work under
“Dissemination of project results” in section “Going where the
people are – direct contact” on page 73 – even though it also
has useful suggestions for the “Visibility” of your project.


5. Working with press & media
Get free publicity
This chapter gives you different tips and tricks about working
with the media and getting some attention from the press. It
depends on your aims whether using press and media is the
most appropriate tool to reach your target group. However,
one thing is sure: getting media coverage (positive or negative)
always contributes to your visibility.

Making the news
MAKE YOUR PROJECT A GREAT NEWS ITEM
Chances are that your youth project is a great project that
involves young people actively and that tries to change the
world a little bit. You could present this project to different
target groups (as described above), but maybe you also want to
inform a larger audience – via the media.

You can work with the media before, during or after your
activity.
≈ Announcing your activities before might arouse more interest
and more people might attend your activities e.g. publicity,
motivating people to come, announcement, advertisement,…
Make sure you have convincing arguments why people
should visit your event from their point of view – put yourself
in their shoes.
≈ You might want to get in touch with the media during one of
your events or activities, to inform the journalists about the
interesting parts of the project where they can potentially
ﬁnd a story for publishing (news-value, information). This
could be some media event (e.g. a kiss-in on the central
square, an attempt to break a record, controversy,…)
≈ Or after your project, you could invite the press for a more in-
depth interview and article about your experiences or those
of the group. In this case you would need to provide your
own image material from the project (see also “Pictures
for publications – Do’s and don’t’s” on page 38) and some
interesting statements, anecdotes, experiences, strange
happenings, impressions etc.

46 VISIBILITY

What story do you have to tell?
Before you approach any journalist, you first have to think about
what is the story that you want to tell?
≈ What would be your main message (phrase it in one
sentence)?
≈ Whom are you targeting with this message?
Who should preferably read it?
≈ Make a clear summary of your project (story) and remember
that journalists are mostly not youth workers: they may not
be aware of all the abbreviations, terms and contexts which
you are so used to. Do the “dummy test” and ask some people
not involved in youth work to tell you what they think the
project is about on the basis of your summary.
≈ Make a list of arguments why your story is so important to tell
– arguments that could convince a busy journalist to choose
your story from hundreds of others. e.g. is it unusual? It is
the first time that XYZ happened? Does it link in with current
events (e.g. a volunteer project to help victims of a recent crash
or accident, a European project during the celebrations of 50
years since the treaty of Rome, etc.,)?
≈ What is the link between your story and the media’s
audience?
≈ Why would those people like to read it? (e.g. a project with
people with a disability is more interesting for the social press,
an environmental project is more likely to get published in a
green-minded newspaper, etc.)

Contact the right type of media/programme
According to the type of story you have, and the target group
you are addressing, you would also need to contact different
media. Some newspapers publish more local or human interest
news, others are more into political coverage, etc. You also
need to change the media you target according to the group of
people you want to reach (general public, youth workers, young
people, social workers, politicians, etc). Some media address
specific audiences and/or topics (e.g. LGBT, religious groups,
political movements, etc) - maybe your story is better suited to
the specialised press?


Youth projects are mostly valuable stories for local media (local
newspaper, radio or TV), and sometimes specialised magazines
(e.g. youth work articles, school newspapers, internationalist
magazines,…). In some countries you also find specific youth
media organisations (e.g. young journalist association, youth
media organisation,…) that could come and report for free about
your activity and put it on their web-space e.g. javi.tv in Belgium
goes from youth event to youth event to film and broadcast their
reports online. Some radio stations or local TV have specialised
programmes (e.g. about people from your country abroad, a
programme dedicated to youth, etc) which might be willing to
run (part of) a show about your international project…

The main message is to select your medium well according
to what and whom you want to reach: See also chapter “The
shores where your Waves arrive – Target groups” on page 27

How to contact media
≈ Check the internet or phone book for different media
(newspapers, radio, TV). Ring or email them to find out who
is the right person to contact for your type of story. Get the
direct contacts (telephone, email) of the journalist dealing
with your type of stories (social interest, youth, leisure,…).
Compile a list of direct press contacts.

≈ Contact your specialised journalists and ask whether they
would be interested in publishing the type of story you had in
mind – or whether they would see alternatives (e.g. a different
focus, highlighting one participant’s funny experience, etc)?
They might give you suggestions.

≈ Some free local newspapers (or town magazines) publish
ready-made articles (with some editing if needed). Try to
find out if there are any of those in your neighbourhood. Get
in touch with the editor and ask what are the (formal) criteria
for texts and pictures (length, size, etc).

48 VISIBILITY

Writing a press release

MAKE THE WORK OF A JOURNALIST EASY
The contact with the press mostly happens via a press
release – combined with some phone calls inquiring if the
journalists in question received it, and whether they would be
interested in more information or in coming to do interviews or
take pictures.

To write your press release, you’ll need the elements developed
below:
≈ What story do you want to tell? What’s your news? What is
the essence of your story?
≈ What is the aim of your message? (e.g. recruiting new
volunteers, raising the proﬁle of your organisation, making
people come to an event,…)
≈ Whom is the story targeted at? (e.g. youth, general public,
youth workers, parents,…)
≈ Why would a journalist publish your story rather than the
hundreds of other ones on his or her desk?

A press release should be a short text of about 20-40 lines,
one side of an A4 sheet of paper maximum (remember, the
journalist may have to read 100’s of them per day). The press
release starts with the most important information and leaves
the practical details to the end (e.g. contacts, press conference
details, etc). Use short factual sentences and direct language (no
airy ﬂuffy subjective language).
Put the date on top of your press release. If you only want to
have your news appear in the newspapers after a certain date/
time (e.g. after your media action or your press-conference), add
on top “Not to be used before Date, Time” or “Under embargo
till Date, Time”, otherwise put “For immediate release”.

There are the following elements in a press brief
1. Heading and lead text
The heading (title) should be short, informative and attractive
to arouse curiosity – it needs to attract the attention and
mostly doesn’t contain any articles (e.g. Youth Exchange saves
Life of Linda, Volunteer versus Mayor,…).


The lead text should answer the questions: Who? What?
Where? When? Why? and indicate the news-value (why the
reader would find this info relevant) – this should only be 4
or 5 lines. It should tell journalists what they want to know
in the first few lines. (What is in it for them, why should they
write about it?)

2. The main text
Put the main news in the first paragraph. Emphasize the
news-value for the journalist and the target audience.
Use short, concrete and de-scriptive sentences in a rather
formal style (a press brief
is an information text, and
not an ad!). Use quotes by or
anecdotes of participants
and youth workers. Avoid
jargon and abbreviations
(a journalist is not a youth
worker). Add some further
explanation, statistics, back-
ground, or other details
relevant to your news.
Some organisations include
a ‘Boiler-plate’ sentence or
section: generally a short
paragraph, providing back-
ground information on
the issuing organisation or
context of the project. This
could be the standard Youth
in Action paragraph (see
the section “Don’t forget the
others!” on page 33).

50 VISIBILITY

3. Make yourself known
Use the logo of your organisation (and that of the Youth in
Action programme – see section “Don’t forget the others!” on
page 33). Indicate to the journalist who and at what number
they can call for more info at any time (e.g. mobile phone).
Journalists have irregular working hours and will most likely
not try to call you back many times, unless you have earth
shattering news. Mention what other information you would
have available (e.g. press folder, digital photos, etc).

It often helps to let your text mature a bit (sleep on it) or have
it read by others to see if it makes sense to someone who doesn’t
know the project (“dummy test”). Send the press brief in digital
format to your list of journalists (this makes it easier to copy and
paste).

Remember that personal contacts to the journalists work best,
so it is advisable to follow up on your press release, calling them to
ask whether they received it, and whether they think they could
use it, or whether you could provide them with anything else.

≈ You probably need to highlight different parts of the story in
your press releases to interest different target groups and to
have a chance of getting into different newspapers.
One shoe doesn’t ﬁt all!
≈ Always mention that your project was funded by the Youth
in Action programme – this is even a legal obligation (as
mentioned in your contract) – however, whether this
information is then also published is beyond your control.

Make the work of a journalist easy
Of course journalists are not all stressed, smoking, late-night
workers working against the clock, but they do get lots of
requests and there is a deadline to get their stories ready by.
Therefore it is important to try and catch their attention, but also
to make their work as easy as possible. The easier you make
it, the quicker your story will be added. However – the main
selection criterion will be the news-value or human-interest of
your story. A bad or irrelevant story for the media’s audience
which you’re targeting will most likely never get through!


How to make the journalist’s life easy?
≈ Provide a short clear complete press release, in accordance
with the art of the trade (see above).
≈ Provide a separate “fact sheet” with information that the
journalist can choose from and that gives an easy bullet-point
overview of your project: e.g. title/name of project, its aims,
partner organisations & countries, number of people involved,
dates of activities, funding sources, main activities, etc – and
don’t forget your contact details.
≈ Add a few digital pictures which are ‘free of copyright’ (so
that they can be used for free). Make sure they are high
resolution pictures (more than 500 kb) which can be used
for print, but without sending too large email attachments
(e.g. 2 Mb max – you can also put them on download sites e.g.
www.yousendit.com, etc).

More about Pictures in chapter “Pictures for publications
– Do’s and don’t’s” on page 38.

≈ If you don’t have ready made pictures, provide the
photographer or camera crew with photogenic picture
opportunities e.g. a kiss-in on the town square (with the town
hall in the background), masked youngsters (in protest against
something), a sea of ﬂags (to show the international group),
etc. Ask your group beforehand if they agree to be in pictures
or in the news.
≈ Have a press representative present at your activity who
does all the contacts with the press – to avoid different stories
– and who organises interviews or photo opportunities.
≈ If you are targeting radio journalists, you could include
some good quality sound fragments from your project (e.g.
interviews, songs sung by the group, street action, etc). Again
think of the maximum size of email attachments – an
alternative could be a CDrom.
≈ Develop beforehand the main point(s) you want to make
(e.g. youth club urgently in need of new members, or East helps
West, or Friendship without borders etc). Mostly it is best to
stick to ‘one point’ – this way this will be the only likely point
to make it into the press.

52 VISIBILITY

≈ Prepare some examples of activities that you did during the
project related to the point you want to make, provide some
anecdotes about cultural differences or funny situations
related to your story. Journalists are looking for the sur-
prising, the unlikely, the striking, something that jumps out.
e.g. project created friendships between traditional enemies
(e.g. in project between Kosovars & Serbs), Spanish participant
plans to start up Belgian fries shop, etc

Never tell or write anything that you don’t want to be
published! Be very sparing about giving negative examples
(e.g. something that went wrong) – focus on the positive points.
Correct the journalists if they interpret something wrongly.

≈ Ask to have a look at the article before it is published (if
possible), to check if the journalist understood everything
correctly, or if there are possible mistakes in the dates,
numbers or names.

Make sure you get a copy of the article/radio/TV piece
It is great for the motivation of all involved to get a copy of the
press-clippings, the little interview on TV or radio, etc. Collect
what you are proud of and use it to show others what press
coverage you had. This could go in a presentation portfolio of
your project (and in the ﬁnal report to the funders) and might
increase your chances for future funding – because ‘obviously’
your project was very well appreciated in the media.

That’s the reason why funders give money to your project: to
Make Waves with it!


DISSEMINATION
Getting
your project results out
MAKE YOUR PROJECT RESULTS AVAILABLE
AND KNOWN
Your project could produce many results: During your project
the young people are learning many things and you may produce
some concrete products (CDrom, video, theatre play), or you
may develop new methods… (see page 26) These results are
very nice, but it would be even nicer if other people were to
know about them and have access to them. That’s why we are
talking about ‘dissemination of results’.

“Dissemination” is a planned process of providing information on
the results of programmes and initiatives to key actors.
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/valorisation/index_en.html

54 DISSEMINATION Getting your project results out

The point of disseminating project results (after a project) is
to inform the public of the results and products, speciﬁcally
those whom you want to have an impact on. Depending on how
you throw your stone, you will be Making different Waves on
different shores. The impact of your project results will depend
on their adaptation to the end-users’ needs and the way you
disseminate the results.

There are many ways of spreading or disseminating your
project results. This chapter lists many practical tips and tricks
on how to publicise your products and results and make them
available to the right people. Many of the suggestions made in
the previous chapter about Visibility (promoting and publicising
your project), are also relevant for the dissemination of your
project results (promoting and publicising your project results
and products).

Keep the suggestions from the chapter on “Visibility – Make
your project known” (page 30) in mind for your dissemination
activities as well.

1. Showing results
Making the invisible visible

EXPLOIT BOTH YOUR VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE
PROJECT RESULTS
Some project results are easier to spread than others (e.g. you
can easily send around a report or a link to a website) but how
are you going to inform people about more intangible results?
E.g. competences gained by the young participants in your project,
the new insights and approaches you and your colleague youth
workers have gained by organising international projects… (see
“The stones that Make the Waves – Project results” on page 26)

It is important to ﬁnd ways to document the intangible results,
to make them visible, in order to be able to disseminate them.


Here are some suggestions:

Document the learning and the effect which a youth
project had on people
Participants taking part in your youth projects probably go
through many interesting experiences and learn from them.
Young people gain a variety of social, organisational, inter-
cultural and other skills from your project. Your activities are a
source of non-formal learning and it would be an added value
if you actually show this to the outside world (e.g. politicians,
parents, other educational institutions, etc). Some suggestions:

≈ Give the participants a Youthpass certificate or a similar
certificate documenting what the young people or youth
workers in a project have learnt, according to the 8 European
key competences for lifelong learning. Throughout your
project, you could organise moments when you could reflect
with your participants on what they have learned in one or
more of those 8 competence areas.

In Youth in Action projects, all participants have the right
to ask for a Youthpass certificate and the project organiser is
obliged to give it. For more information about Youthpass and
the 8 European key competences see www.youthpass.eu and
download the Youthpass manual.

European key competences for life-long learning
Communication in the mother tongue
≈ The ability to express and interpret concepts, thoughts, feelings,
facts and opinions in both oral and written form (listening,
speaking, reading and writing), and to interact linguistically in
an appropriate and creative way in a full range of contexts (e.g.
in projects, work, home and leisure).

Communication in foreign languages
≈ It broadly shares the main skill dimensions of communication in
the mother tongue, but in a different language. Communication
in foreign languages also calls for skills such as mediation and
intercultural understanding.

56 DISSEMINATION
˜ Getting your project results out

Mathematical competence and basic competences in
science and technology
≈ Mathematical competence is the ability to develop and apply
mathematical thinking in order to solve a range of problems
in everyday situations. It involves mastery of numeracy, both
mathematical processes and knowledge. It involves the ability
and willingness to use mathematical modes of thought (logical
and spatial thinking) and presentation (formulas, models,
constructs, graphs, charts).
≈ Competence in science refers to the ability and willingness to
use the body of knowledge and methodology employed to explain
the natural world, in order to identify questions and to draw
evidence-based conclusions.
Competence in technology is viewed as the application of that
knowledge and methodology in response to perceived human
wants or needs.

Digital competence
≈ It involves the confident and critical use of Information Society
Technology (IST) for work, leisure and communication. It is
underpinned by basic skills in ICT: the use of computers to re-
trieve, assess, store, produce, present and exchange information,
and to communicate and participate in collaborative networks
via the Internet.

Learning to learn
≈ The ability to pursue and persist in learning, to organise one’s
own learning, both individually and in groups. It includes
awareness of one’s learning process and needs. This competence
means gaining, processing and assimilating new knowledge
and skills in order to use and apply it in a variety of contexts
(e.g. at home, at work, in education and training). Motivation
and confidence are crucial to an individual’s competence.

Social and Civic competence
≈ Personal, interpersonal and intercultural competence. It covers
all forms of behaviour that equip individuals to participate in
an effective and constructive way in their social and working
life and to resolve conflict where necessary. Civic competence
equips individuals to fully participate in civic life, based on their
knowledge of social and political concepts and structures and a
commitment to active and democratic participation.


Sense of Initiative and Entrepreneurship
≈ An individual’s ability to turn ideas into action. It includes
creativity, innovation and risk-taking, as well as the ability
to plan and manage projects in order to achieve objectives. It
is about being aware of the context of their work & projects
and being able to seize opportunities. This should include an
awareness of ethical values and of promoting good governance.

Cultural awareness and expression
≈ Appreciation of the importance of the creative expression of
ideas, experiences and emotions in a range of media, including
music, performing arts, literature, and the visual arts.

Besides documenting the participants’ learning in a Youthpass,
you can also do one of the following activities:
≈ Document life stories – follow some young people for a
longer time, and show how the youth work and international
project influenced their lives – e.g. the sort of jobs they had
after the exchange etc.
≈ Collect quotes about participants’ impressions e.g. I learnt
a lot – before I thought that people from country X were noisy
macho people, but now I think they are just very sociable and
nice to hang out with, etc.
≈ Quantify what they learnt, for example, by using a self-
assessment scale. You could check the self-assessment
before, at the end and some time after the project to see the
longer term effect. You can also contrast this with the self-
assessment of comparable young people that did not take
part in the international youth project at the same intervals.
SALTO developed such a long term evaluation system – see
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/Evaluation/.
≈ Document visually the activities in which your participants
are learning. This can be with pictures of flipcharts re-
porting back from working groups, videos or recordings
of a debriefing session or of the conclusions of a simulation
game. Participants’ reports on what they learnt, on the
creative productions that resulted from workshops, etc. Ask
participants for their agreement before using their pictures,
videos, productions,…
≈…

58 DISSEMINATION

Document your approach or methods used in your youth
project
One of the strong points of the project could be the way you
organised the project or handled specific situations (e.g. the
participation of young people all through your project, conflict
management, getting publicity for your project, fund-raising, new
group dynamic methods, etc).

In order for others to benefit from your great ideas, you will
need to document those approaches or methods. Here are some
suggestions:

≈ Write out the scenario of your project, how you planned and
implemented it step by step, with all necessary information
for others to be able to understand and repeat what you
did (or to be able to take some positive elements from your
experience).
≈ Develop a Quality Charter or quality criteria -based on your
experience- about what you think constitutes a good project.
What criteria should an ideal youth project respond to? You
can find a SALTO Inclusion Quality Charter for organising
Training Courses at
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/InclusionQualityCharter/.
≈ Make a collection of the various
(new) methods you used during your
projects. Write them up consistently
so that other youth workers would be
able to replicate them. It is even better
to add your methods to the existing
Toolboxes like the SALTO Toolbox for
Training & Youth Work
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/Toolbox/ -
to avoid duplication and dispersion of
energy and resource in the umpteenth
similar toolbox. If some of your methods
are already listed in the Toolbox, you
could add comments to the existing
tools, describing how you adapted
these methods to your context or what
experiences you had in using them.


≈ An alternative to writing down and describing the methods
used, is to make a video about it, showing live how you im-
plemented it and how the method works. However, note
that participants and/or youth workers might not always be
comfortable when ﬁlmed during an activity, especially if it
is a more personal one (e.g. simulation games, discussions,
debrieﬁng sessions, etc).
≈ Do a thorough evaluation with participants and with the
project leaders team, analysing what went well and what
could be improved. Document your educational conclusions
or recommendations.
≈ Make a bibliography or webography of the resources
(books, websites, articles,…) you used to set up your project.
You could also add your resources to the SALTO link lists
online at www.salto-youth.net/links/.
≈ …

Showing your European cooperation and networks
Once you start working at an international level, networking
is very important. The better you know your partners, the more
likely the organisation of your projects is going to be smooth.
The number of international contacts you have shows your
commitment to international youth work and your contribution
to the idea of Europe (or to the Global Community).

Some ways to put your international force in the picture:
≈ Collect statistics about the number of countries involved in
your project, the number of people that participated directly
in the project, and that were reached, involved indirectly (in
the preparation or follow-up activities).
≈ Analyse which countries the visitors to your website come
from, and how many visitors you would have in total. Make
sure you don’t confuse visitors (one IP address) with visits
(the number of times this IP address visited your site) or
hits (every little element, image, frame, download that is
requested from the server to display the webpage).
≈ Ask your colleague youth workers from the international
partner organisations for recommendation letters about
the cooperation with your organisation in the project. You
could distill a list of positive comments from it (like on the
back of American books).

60 DISSEMINATION

≈ Make “identity cards” of your international project partners:
who are they and what do they do. Are they part of any
(inter)national networks? Add info about the number of
times you have cooperated and how the cooperation went or
how you got in contact.
≈ Collect pictures, videos or messages showing the cultural
diversity of the partners and participants at a youth project
e.g. with flags, using different languages,… etc. This could
lead to a ‘European’ or ‘international’ video clip or power-
point presentation about your project and the international
cooperation.
≈…

Drawing policy lessons and recommendations
from your project
When organising an international youth project, you probably
bump into situations you either would like to improve or avoid
next time. These experiences and ideas of how to make things
better are valuable – if they reach the people who can change the
systems (e.g. National Agencies, the board of your organisation,
local authorities, etc).

≈ The evaluation moments in your project (during, at the end
or after the project) could be a good opportunity to reflect
with the project leaders team, about what recommendations
you could make in order to make your youth project or youth
work even better. You could turn this discussion into a list of
recommendations for the appropriate decision makers.
≈ During your project, you could also work with the young
people to come up with an image of the ideal world. One
method that could be used for this is the Future Workshop
(see www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/find-a-tool/460.html). The
participants think of an ideal world (in a certain area of life
or society), then have a look at the obstacles that prevent
us reaching this ideal world, and in a third step they could
formulate recommendations on how to overcome the
obstacles. These recommendations could be collected and
presented to the appropriate persons in an appropriate
format.


≈ Keep a “black book” during the project, in which you can
make notes as you go along, with all kind of suggestions to
make things better or easier with regard to the project that
you are organising or the topic you are addressing during this
project. Draw up a list of recommendations after the heat of
the project, selecting the most relevant issues from the black
book, and address them to the relevant persons.
≈ …

You might have noticed that many of the ‘dissemination
activities’ involve something concrete that you want to send
around. That’s why it is so important to plan beforehand
what kind of material or information you need to collect
during your project, because you will need it afterwards.

For example:
If your aim is to inform other young people of the
possibility of doing international projects – you may want
to have funny and visual informative sessions about your
experiences. Therefore you will probably need visual material,
such as a joyful video or pictures of some great moments of your
project (both fun and representative). It goes without saying,
that you need to plan beforehand to take appropriate pictures/
shots for these sessions, because it is impossible to make them
afterwards.

When documenting your project results and producing some
products, make sure you “don’t forget the others” as described
on page 33.

62 DISSEMINATION

2. Data mining
Know who to send info to

It is all nice and well that you have great project results to
circulate – but whom should you send it to? You need to decide
(before your project) on which shores you want to Make Waves.
The next step is then, to get the necessary details of your target
group(s) so that you actually can approach these people or
organisations with your results.

≈ Therefore it is important to have a system throughout your
project (or in your organisation in general) in which you
collect contact details of interested people. Each time you
have a meeting or get a mail/call/chat/sms, you can make
it a habit to ask if they would like to be kept updated about
developments regarding the current – and future projects.
≈ You can also actively go and collect contact details of relevant
organisations in the ﬁeld, and offer them the possibility of
receiving information about your projects. You can use the
phone book or the internet to get their details. However,
instead of adding relevant organisations directly to your
mailing list, it is good practice to ask if they would be interested
in receiving your information, rather than spamming them.

Also read about the advantages and disadvantages of infor-
mation pull and information push in chapter “Tools for
promotion – Publicise your results” on page 66.

≈ Your usual contacts probably also have information about
people that would be interested or that would need to get
information about your project results.
This includes all the people that supported, helped and
contributed to your project.
≈ You should not forget to spread information about your project
and how it went to the members of your organisation that
did not have the chance to participate directly in the project:
the ones ‘left back home’. Mostly you would have their contacts
on ﬁle, or they would receive some of your communication
tools (e.g. magazine, newsletter etc) anyway.


≈ Mine data from previous projects where you were, or
contacts you made. Send them a letter or email whether they
would be interested in getting more info about your project
and its outcomes.
≈ Make it easy to sign up for project information in your
communication tools which you use for your promotion &
visibility (e.g. add a prominent sign-up button or form on your
website, put a return slip in your youth organisation’s magazine
or in other relevant publications for people to fill out and send
back to you, etc).

You can also be more direct, and at different meetings, present
your project and the possibility of registering for being kept
updated. You could distribute little sign-up sheets (asking for
name, address, email etc) and collect
them after the meeting.
≈ Collect people’s data and consent
to receiving information, while
participating in other activities
(e.g. add a ‘do you want to be kept
updated’ check box on a registration
form for one of your other activities).
Or develop an internet game,
where in the registration process,
people can check the box ‘keep me
informed’.
≈ Another way of collecting people’s
contact details is to have a send-
back slip in a magazine. If you
want to stimulate response, link it
to a raffle (people could win a prize
if they send it in). It is important
to keep all informed of who the
winner was soon after the raffle!

Give people reasons to register
for your info or newsletter (e.g. a
competition or game with prizes,
send a gadget, give them useful infor-
mation, something they can use in
their own activities, etc).

64 DISSEMINATION

People usually want some idea about what kind of infor-
mation they will receive and about how you will treat their
contact details (e.g. guarantee that they will only get info from
you and your project, that you won’t pass their details to third
parties, etc).

≈ Use the standard spreadsheet programme on your computer
(e.g. Exel, Calc,…) or the address book of your email
programme (e.g. Outlook, Thunderbird,…) to manage your
lists. Make it easy for different colleagues to update the
information and make sure that you can export the data to
user-friendly formats (e.g. for colleagues, address lists, phone
lists, etc).
≈ Keep your addresses up-to-date – it is a waste of money and
effort when a large part of your send-outs are returned to
sender.

Make it possible for recipients (by post or electronically) to
update their details or unsubscribe from your list. There
are laws in most European countries regarding the respect
of people’s personal contacts – if they object to receiving
information from you, you are obliged to stop sending it to
them. Anyway, unrequested mails will probably be deleted
straight away.

One shoe doesn’t ﬁt all! It is important to adapt your
message according to the people you want to have an impact
on. You could consider splitting up the addresses you are
collecting according to the type of information they should
get.


3. Tools for promotion
Publicise your results

GET YOUR INFO AND PRODUCTS TO
THE RIGHT PEOPLE
There are various ways of publicising your message or project
results, each with their advantages and disadvantages. We’ll
list some tips and tricks for getting your message to the right
people – and for getting those people to read your message.

Information Push or Information Pull
You can decide to actively send around your leaﬂets, products,
booklets, reports, powerpoints, etc. You sort of push the infor-
mation under people’s noses (information push), whether
they want it or not. When you put yourself in the place of an
organisation that is on many mailing and address lists, you
can imagine that many of the (hundreds) of publications they
receive end up swiftly in the recycling bin…

Information pull, on the contrary, means that you only send
information when people order or ask for it. The advantage is
that you are only sending material to people who have really
expressed an interest and you save money on the fewer copies
you have to produce (assuming that less people will actually
request your publication). The disadvantage of information
pull is that you need to set up a system in which people can
express (as easily as possible) their interest to receive your
information and results.

You will probably need a healthy mix of both, because if you
use information pull, not all the people you would like to target,
will request your information. So you will need to keep a list of
people who must be included (e.g. policy makers, funders,…).
If you use information push only, it is likely that much of your
efforts and material go to waste (or to the recycling bin at
best).

Information push is quite easy: you take a list of all youth
organisations (e.g. members of your local or national youth
council) and send off your publication or product. Done.
However, it takes a bit more work and thinking to devise systems

66 DISSEMINATION

for information pull – getting people to request your info.
In order for people to decide to request such info, they would
need some idea about what kind of information they would get
and also how you will treat their contact details (e.g. guarantee
that they will only get info from you and your project, that you
won’t pass their details to third parties, etc).

See also the section about “Data-mining” on page 63.

Inform people by mail – send your results out
One way of reaching people, and of publicising your project
results, is by sending out an announcement. You could do this
by various means. Check out how your target audience mostly
communicates. And you may want to be a bit creative so that
you’ll stick out, attract attention.

Also read section “Develop information material – Attract
people” on page 35.

≈ You could use good old snail-mail. But if you want to get
people’s attention, make the letter funny, or place a little
gadget in the envelope, or have a postcard cut in pieces like a
puzzle, or add a riddle (with the solution in the next one)…
To save costs you could combine this with other send-outs
(e.g. your organisation’s magazine).
≈ Take into account that unusual formats (e.g. big cards,
square, round, heavy,…) are often more expensive to send!
Check with your post office and your budget.
≈ More and more SMS actions (text messages) are used. Send
an intriguing message to a number of people inviting them to
visit a website or to participate in a surprise meeting.
≈ You can also send emails to your target audience. It is cheaper
than the two solutions above, but more and more emails end
up in spam-folders.
≈ If you really want to reach everybody, do a house to house
leaflet-drop by putting a leaflet or letter in every letter-box
in the neighbourhood. But putting something in someone’s
letterbox doesn’t mean it is always read…

Use the AIDA approach as explained on page 37 to attract
people’s Attention, to arouse their Interest and make them
Desire to take Action.


Use existing communication tools
You don’t always have to create new things – you can also
optimise the use of the existing communication instruments
that you have easy access to (and often don’t cost extra).

≈ Write about your project in your youth organisation’s
magazine (if any).
≈ Maybe you have an electronic mailing list or newsletter for
your members.
≈ Maybe in your country there are publications or newsletters
for youth work in which you
could publish an article or
announcement (for free).
≈ If there is an activity-calendar on
a youth (work) website, add your
project and the various activities
to which you would like to invite
people.
≈ Work in partnership with other
distribution channels: you could
add a ﬂyer, a report, an article to
existing newsletters or magazines
of relevant organisations,…
≈ Libraries and (youth) informa-
tion centres. Become part of the
collection (e.g. for publications,
methodological toolboxes, music
CD from your project) so that
your products are available for
longer.
≈ Get your project results into the
media – The local press is often
a good tool for getting publicity
for your project results.

More about working with the
Press and Media on page 46.

68 DISSEMINATION

Organise information events
≈ Organise a meeting to launch or present your project results.
Think about which format would be most liked by the target
group you are trying to inﬂuence – the shores that you want
to Make your Waves on.
≈ Add elements which will make your meeting attractive. Often
free drinks do the job, or some famous people, or being the
ﬁrst ones to get the product you made. Use visual aids and
dynamic methods for your project result presentation (e.g.
Powerpoint, a sketch, video, slide-show,…).
≈ Involve the young people from your project to give the project a
‘face’. Encourage interactions with the audience (e.g. one parti-
cipant at each table) and have questions & answers sessions.
≈ Give people something they would be interested in – some-
thing they would get up from their couch for! E.g. a quiz
with prizes, a concert with music they like (before or after some
presentations), a party/activity in a funky location, meeting
someone famous,…
≈ Use the resources you have available. It often is a good idea
to involve the participants that have been on a project
before to tell about their experiences. It is nice for them to
share their stories, and at the same time you have another
few volunteers that can help you organise the activity. If you
currently have foreign participants, they could also present
their experiences. This makes it a lot more real.
≈ Don’t forget to invite the (local) politicians and other
relevant stakeholders (e.g. teachers if the results focus on
learning, labour unions if the project is about employment,
etc). Give them reasons to come to your meeting: Why
should they be there? e.g. give them the opportunity to give a
short speech, let them know which other important people will
be there, give them more information about what the project is
about (your educational aims) and the results of the project.
≈ Alternatively, you could go out to the people you are
targeting with your project results. You could organise an
information caravan or bus to go to the different areas of
your town/region, to show your project results. You could
also go and present your project results in the local schools,
organisations, etc. You could ask to present your results at
the local town council meeting, etc.
≈ And did you think about inviting the (local) press or media?
≈ …
More about working with the Press and Media on page 46.

4. Setting up a project website
Virtual promotion

MAKE OPTIMAL USE OF THE INTERNET FOR YOUR
DISSEMINATION
If you have your own website, you can dedicate a section to
your project or you could create a new website. Use internet
tools for documenting and raising the visibility of your project
– or to disseminate your results and products. There are a lot of
free possibilities around.

Think of the longer term, so that your results don’t disappear
after one year because you don’t have money for the web-
hosting anymore! Set aside some working time for it as well,
so that it doesn’t look completely outdated within a few
months.

≈ Depending on what you are actually looking for, you could
structure your online project documentation in the format of
a blog (chronologically web logging information and pictures
about your project e.g. www.myspace.com,
http://360.yahoo.com, www.blogger.com, etc.), in the format
of an online community (people subscribe to get mails, post
ﬁles, add pictures www.yahoogroups.com, www.googlegroups.
com, etc) or create a speciﬁc community in existing online
social platforms such as www.facebook.com etc) or as a real
website with your own navigation structure between different
pages (e.g. www.absolutely-free-hosting.com, etc).
≈ Or even better: you could add your project and its results
to existing websites e.g. add your methods to the SALTO
Toolbox (www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/toolbox/), add your policy
recommendations to the European Knowledge Centre Youth
Policy (www.youth-knowledge.net), etc.
≈ Put your video clips on famous (and free) websites such
as YouTube.com, www.vimeo.com, dailyMotion.com etc
– do something funny with it, create controversy around it,
make it stand out,… so that people watch it (e.g. link it to a
competition, make a riddle about it, include a famous person,
etc).

But if you decide to set up your own project website, then the
following information is for you.

70 DISSEMINATION

Web tips & tricks
≈ The success of websites is 50% dependent on their appe-
arance, 10% on the content and 40% on promotion. Make
sure your website looks OK, you can easily adapt designs
from other websites. Check similar popular websites and
learn from them.
≈ Add visual ‘teasers’ to your information. Use attractive
pictures - see also the section “Pictures for publications – Do’s
and don’t’s” on page 38.
≈ Put the most important information on the top of your page.
A web-text should not be longer than one and a half screens.
Longer texts could be offered to download or on a separate
page for die-hard surfers.

≈ Go and check what type of websites the target group visits
and offer similar information and services e.g. if your users
like discussion forums, add one, or a game, or a screensaver, etc.
≈ Make sure that your website is needed or useful for
something: e.g. people can download something, participate in
games, get an overview of xyz, etc.

The main question is then: how to attract new people to your
project web pages?


≈ As mentioned above, the best way of attracting people to
your website is to provide them with something interesting
and something which they could use.
≈ Mention your project webpage URL on your information
materials and on your gadgets – make sure the URL is easy to
write and to remember and does not lead to writing mistakes
(e.g. is it c or k or ck?)
≈ Ask other related and befriended websites to exchange
links, or even better, to put a prominent link or a banner
referring to your website (webvertising)
≈ But also on your own organisation’s website, (if your project
pages are contained within the website of your organisation),
the navigation should make it easy and straightforward to
ﬁnd your project pages.
≈ Register your domain-name in the most common search
engines (e.g. www.google.be/addurl/,
http://search.yahoo.com/info/submit.html,
www.altavista.com/addurl/,
http://search.msn.com/docs/submit.aspx, etc.) and make sure
your page titles and meta tags contain clear, relevant and
distinctive words which your target group would be looking
for. (See also www.exploit-lib.org/issue4/promotion/)

≈ Enter information about your
project in relevant online discus-
sion forums or project databases,
with links to your project website.
Make sure there is a link to the
ongoing discussions or the aim of
the database, because spammers
will be black-listed.
≈ Organise quizzes or games in
which the participants need to ﬁnd
information on your web pages for
some of the questions.
≈ And it goes without saying that
you should monitor the results of
your efforts, via statistical software
on your website (e.g. there are free
web-counters available:
www.bravenet.com, etc.)

72 DISSEMINATION

Find some more hints about designing web pages and
creating information for the web at
e.g. www.usabilitynet.org/tools/webdesign.htm,
www.w3.org/Provider/Style/

Also keep the accessibility for people with a visual impairment
or reduced mobility in mind, so they can also use your website
with specialised voice browsers or Braille readers. You can
test the accessibility of your website with
http://bobby.watchﬁre.com/ and read the Accessibility
guidelines at www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT/

5. Going where the people are
direct contact

PRESENTING YOUR PROJECT RESULTS DIRECTLY
TO INTERESTED PEOPLE
Instead of sending out information material (see page 35),
either about your project or your project results, you could also
do a promotional and information campaign ‘live’. You could
personally go to various activities or meetings where your
target group will be present.

≈ The nice thing about this is that the communication is
personal.
≈ You can show lots of different things and convey something of
the spirit of the project (e.g. using pictures, examples, videos,
etc).
≈ Another advantage is that people can ask questions. The
project and products become more real than in a leaﬂet or
a report.
≈ The people also can get to know the youth workers or
participants from the project.

Here are some practical ideas:
≈ Speak about your international project at your organisation’s
regular meetings, bring some pictures, show some video
footage (if you have it),… Invite some of the (foreign)
participants to do some activities together.


≈ If you are targeting parents, visit the parents of your members
at home, explaining what your project is about, demonstrating
the educational side of the project. This way you could get
the parents to support the idea of letting their child go on the
project, to contribute to the project (ﬁnancially or otherwise),
or to host a foreign participant, etc.
≈ Go and speak in classrooms or talk to organisations about
your project and get more participants for future projects.
You could even offer to give a lesson on intercultural contacts
or about the country that you are working with.
≈ Give presentations at schools, to organisations,… e.g. slide
-show evening, testimonies of returned participants, show your
video or other products of the project,…
≈ Have a stand at festivals or other events to distribute ﬂyers
about the opportunities you offer young people, about
international projects, about the Youth in Action programme
(your NA could support you with info material).
≈ Go to activities or events where you can talk about your
project results: NA project days, non-commercial travel fairs,
networking & evaluation meetings,…
≈ Train and inform the youth workers that have contacts
with the wanted target groups – so that they can inform and
motivate their members to take part in international projects,
or simply to become informed about the opportunities that
are there.
≈ Think where else your target group goes: e.g. sports organi-
sations, libraries, internet gaming cafés, youth clubs, street
corners, youth parties, hobby organisations, music rehearsal
areas, etc. and target them there.
≈ Maybe your target group also hangs out somewhere online.
Talk about your project in relevant web-forums or chat
rooms. You could consider virtual worlds such as
www.imvu.com, www.facebook.com or www.secondlife.com.
Ask relevant websites to put a link to your project pages
(maybe in exchange for a link to theirs).

74 DISSEMINATION

≈ Make it easy for the target group to get in contact with you
in the future. Use the communication tools that your target
group are using. This could be by phone or email, but maybe
you also want to think about Chat, Skype, webforum, mobile
phone & SMS text messages, etc. Maybe they ﬁnd it easier to
ask for information via Chat or SMS?
≈…

You can either organise all these promotional activities yourself
or you could also have a look to see whether there are existing
events related to youth work or to the topic of your project and
participate in them, instead of having to organise something
yourself. There are existing events specially aimed at relaying
your experiences or good practices – e.g. events organised by
Youth in Action National Agencies, the European Commission
(e.g. European Youth Week www.youthweek.eu) or by other
youth work organisations in your country. You could have a
stand at these events, develop some info material to distribute,
give a presentation or run a workshop about your project, etc.

Last but not least - Did you think of this?
Did you check the copyright issues for your publications? Who
owns the copyright of your publication? Can people distribute,
copy or translate your publications freely? Do you distribute
your products (e.g. publications, CDroms, etc.) for free or do you
ask for a contribution towards the production or shipping costs?
How are you going to manage this system? (Without making
money – youth projects are not for proﬁt!) Do you have the
copyright for the pictures (of other people) which were used?
What are you going to do if you stock of publications runs out
(e.g. reprint, electronic version,…)? Who’s going to pay for that?
Is there going to be a second updated version of your Toolbox
in the future? Who is responsible for that?


EXPLOITATION
Making sure
your results are used
It is very nice that during your project you developed some
products (e.g. CDrom with games, a video promoting youth
exchanges, a theatrical play, etc.) or that you made your project
results visible in some other way (e.g. documenting learning,
drawing up quality criteria, etc), and maybe you also promoted
and disseminated these products via very ingenious channels.
But it would be even better if your products would be actually
used, instead of disappearing in someone’s drawer.

There is a clear distinction between circulating the results of
your project around – and ensuring that they are used.

“Exploitation” of results consists of “multiplication” and
“mainstreaming” of results. It is a planned process of convincing
individuals and decision-makers to adopt the results and to use
them in local, regional, national or European systems.
From http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/valorisation/

76 EXPLOITATION
˜ Making sure your results are used

If you want to Make bigger Waves and have some impact with
your project, you actually need to make sure that your results
are also used by others at different levels. Depending on what
type of results you get from your project (see chapter “The
stones that Make the Waves – Project results” on page 26), you
can undertake various actions in order to ensure they are (more
likely to be) used.

1. Knowing the target group
Adapt your products

GIVE YOUR TARGET GROUP WHAT THEY NEED
AND WANT
For other people to use your results, it is only logical that
your products and results should be relevant and adapted to
what they are looking for. The more your product or message
is adapted to the people you want to impact, the more it will
be likely to be used. Also, the easier they ﬁnd it to use your
results and products, the higher the chances are that they will
effectively use them.

≈ Note: when we are talking about products and results here,
we mean all the productions from your youth project, whether
they are tangible or intangible. Think of different kinds of
publications, power-points, slideshows, recommendations,
CDroms, methodological
toolboxes, etc.

More about making
intangible results visible
in chapter “The stones
that Make the Waves
– Project results” on p 26.


Some ideas on how to adapt your products and results to your
target group:
≈ First get to know your target group and think or ask them
what their needs would be, were they to get something useful
out of your project.
• If you are planning a promotional video about a youth
exchange, and it lasts 45 minutes and most of it consists of
private jokes between the participants on the exchange – it
is probably all very funny as a memory, but it will never be
used on e.g. a training course (too long and too many private
jokes). However, a short representative movie with the main
elements of what a youth exchange is, would be more usable.
• If you are trying to influence politicians about the impact
of your project on young people and you send them a very
creative but improvised ‘collage’ report full of funny pictures,
the politicians might raise their eyebrows and continue with
their ‘real’ work. However statistics or clear testimonies of
people’s development during the project might be acceptable.
≈ Give the user of your product or results some arguments why
they should be using your results; make clear what is in it for
them. This can be a chapter about the benefits of using your
approach (e.g. like in the Chapter “Why should you Make
Waves? – Benefits” on page 11), or this can be a motivational
cover letter accompanying your product when you distribute
it. Add a few arguments in the text on the back cover of a
booklet or in an executive summary of your article, etc
≈ Make sure your product is user-friendly and easy to under-
stand by the target group. In the case of a website, make sure
the navigation is coherent and easy – make sure that people
know at all times where they are on your site and where
they can go from there. If you have a toolbox with methods
you used, double check whether you have given detailed
information about all the steps and materials needed for
running those exercises. If you produce a publication, check
whether the language is easy enough and that the texts
are not too long and boring – think of adding illustrations,
examples, graphs, anecdotes, exercises, bullet lists, boxes,…
(like we tried in this booklet).

78 EXPLOITATION

≈ Test your draft products with your target group(s). Before
starting to publish hundreds or thousands of copies of
something you don’t know will be understandable or usable,
submit your draft for feedback to some people in your target
group and collect their in-depth feedback. If they will be the
ones to use your product, then of course they are the ones
who will know best how it should look/feel/function. To
increase the use of your products and results even more, it
is important to involve the end-users of the products you are
going to produce in the development process. Remember the
slogan “Nothing about us, without us”…
≈ Address some gaps in
the sector which you are
working in or on the topic
that you are dealing with.
Have a look around at what
exists already, what has
already been done (don’t
re-invent the wheel).
Maybe you’ll notice some-
thing that is missing. Or
you can question people
from the ﬁeld whether they
feel there is something mis-
sing from their work. If
your project and its results
address a real need and ﬁll
a gap, then it is much more
likely to be used, than were
it just offering something
similar to what other youth
workers already know or
have.
≈ Did you think of translations to different contexts – to
enhance the likelihood of your results being used. This can
be a language translation (e.g. English to French). But it can
also be an adaptation from e.g. ‘scouts jargon’ to ‘inclusion
work language’, or from ‘political youth organisation speak’
to ‘artistic project ideas’…
≈…


The following grid could help you in adapting ideas and
products from/to other contexts. Analyse the product in
question (e.g. a simulation game, a publication, etc.) according to
the adaptation grid below. Check what elements of this tool you
should keep as they are, which elements you would throw away,
what you would change and what you would add – keeping your
target group in mind, of course.

An example: an online youth work method’s database
Adapt it for disability workers in areas without
internet access

What to keep? What to discard?
e.g. collection of e.g. online – the users
methods for inspiration don’t have access to
the internet

What to change? What to add?
e.g. adapt the methods to e.g. paper or CDrom format
young people with where there is no internet
disabilities available

80 EXPLOITATION

2. Using your products and results
Provide support

HELP OTHERS TO BENEFIT FROM YOUR PROJECT
AND ITS RESULTS
Besides making it as easy and adapting it as much as possible to
the use of your products, you can go one step further and offer
support on how to use your products and results. You can more
actively go out to interested organisations or youth workers
and get them going with your products or project results. Direct
contacts and explanations often work better!

≈ Offer to coach other youth organisations undertaking a
similar project. They can learn from your experiences, and
build on them – adapting the activities you did to their target
group or topic. You could have regular monitoring meetings,
or they can do a job-shadowing when you are setting up your
next project.
≈ Set up information or training sessions with suggestions on
how to use the products of your youth project e.g. How to use
your promo video in a training session, how does the methods
CDrom work,… This would also be a valuable moment to
collect feedback about how you could better adapt your
products to you target group.
≈ Don’t only provide statistics and recommendations of your
projects to (local) politicians, but explain them as well,
explain how you came to the recommendations, what they
are based on. Be available for further questions or meetings.
≈ Use your experience/conclusions in different working
groups, conferences or seminars. If you consider your
youth worker experience at a youth project a ‘result’ of the
project, then you can effectively use it by sharing it at expert
meetings, in consultations with youth work, on training
courses and at other youth worker events.
≈ There are a variety of activities where your project results
can be used: political hearings about youth, training courses
for new organisations (e.g. by NA), evaluation (meetings) of
the Youth in Action programme, etc.
≈ …


3. Thinking about the future
Sustainability

MAKE YOUR PROJECT RESULTS LAST LONGER
Making your results used is also making them sustainable:
making them last as long as possible. Project work by definition,
is limited in time. However, the Waves you are Making should
not stop because your project contract comes to an end. With
a little bit of effort you can continue to
prolong the impact you are having and
keep on drawing on your experiences from
the project. You can and should use your
products beyond the submission of your
final project-report.

Some things to keep in mind to make your
project results sustainable:
≈ If you have a great project website, but
only made budgetary allowances for
one year’s hosting, the results (website)
will certainly not be used after this year,
because the website will be offline. You
can of course only get funding for your
project for a limited period of time, but
your organisation, other sponsors or free
webspace could help you in keeping
your results online.
≈ Let’s hope that the products of your
project run out at some time due to
the amount of interest in them. Did
you think about how to reproduce
or reprint products (and where to
find the money for that)? You could
think (from the start) of making an
electronic downloadable version of
your publications, or of also putting the
content of your CDrom on a website.
This way your results are not lost when
the CDroms or booklets are finished.

82 EXPLOITATION

≈ Make your material time- and context-independent.
Readers should be able to use your products, without having
to know when it took place, who was on the project or how
your organisation was structured at that time. Make sure
your publication still makes sense in a few years time, and
to people that were not involved in your organisation or
project. This should be kept in mind when the publications
are being written e.g. writing ‘in 2007’ or ‘in a youth club in
Greece’ instead of ‘this year’ or ‘our Hebe organisation’ etc. But
it also goes further than that: don’t refer to inside references,
to situations that are likely to change, etc. Make the context
clear because not all readers may be aware of it.
≈ Also think of how to keep your results and products up-
to-date. Over time things will change, but (hopefully) the
essence of your products will still be valid. When reprinting
your products or when situations change you will need to
make some adjustments e.g. the YOUTH programme (2000-
2006) changed into Youth in Action programme (2007-2013)
so all references to the old programme and its actions needed to
be updated.
≈ Plan who is going to update your project website regularly?
(A static website is a dead website!) Who would re-edit your
publications, etc.. And where could you get funding for this?
≈ Similarly, if you have some conclusions and recommendations
based on your project written down in a nice memorandum,
think about how to update it after a few more projects (with
new conclusions added) or organise some other kind of
consultation. Who will do it? How?
≈ …


4. Follow-up activities for
the participants, partners & co
KEEP THE MOMENTUM AND CONTINUE
THE PROCESSES YOU STARTED
One of the obvious results of a youth project is the experience
acquired by the young people, the youth workers and the partner
organisations. Often youth projects contribute to the motivation
of the different people involved. By organising follow-up activities,
you could actually stretch this motivation, do more with the
experience and create more involvement and commitment in the
future.

Here are some methods that could stimulate involvement &
commitment:
≈ Think from the beginning of what kind of follow-up activities
you can propose to the young people, the youth workers or the
partner organisations. You can make it clear from the start that
the youth project is only a step in a longer process e.g. some
young people could be offered a position as peer youth worker in
the next project, they could be involved in the dissemination of
results (speaking in classes, showing slides, talking about their
experience etc). Make it clear that the project is not a one-off
– actively involve the young people in the dissemination and
exploitation activities – it is also ‘their’ project.
≈ If the results of your project are the increased competences
of your participants, you could give them a Youthpass certi-
ﬁcate which shows the competences gained – this way the
competences (results of your project) can be used e.g. in job
interviews, for seeking new education opportunities or for the
participants to know what they still need to learn - more about
Youthpass on page 56 and at www.youthpass.eu.
≈ The young people probably learnt a lot about intercultural
contacts and maybe became a bit more internationally
minded (caught the international virus). You could prolong
this aspect of your project, by setting up a system to make it
easier to keep in touch with the partner groups abroad e.g.
through an email group, through sending New Year cards, by
planning a return visit, organising an international party, etc

84 EXPLOITATION

≈ From your project you might have discovered things that you
want to improve. You could analyse your training needs
and establish a training plan to develop your competences, to
organise even better projects in the future. The results of your
projects are actually ‘used’ to stimulate the training of youth
workers.

5. Seeing the bigger picture
Mainstreaming

LOOK OVER THE HEDGE AND COOPERATE TO
MAKE THINGS BETTER NEXT TIME
Part of reason for the ‘exploitation of results’ is also to
‘mainstream’ them; to make your project results and experiences
make their way into policies, systems and practices. In a way,
you go beyond your project and raise your results from the level
of the practical to the level of strategic development. Instead of
thinking of how you can carry out one speciﬁc youth project,
you consider how you could contribute to develop systems that
improve the quality of all youth work and projects.

Mainstreaming is the planned process of convincing individuals
and decision-makers to adopt the experiences and results from
your project and to use them in local, regional, national or
European policy and systems.
Strategy for Dissemination and Exploitation of Results of the
Youth in Action Programme

Some things you could do to get the experiences and results of
your project mainstreamed:
≈ If you developed some quality criteria about what is a
good youth project, and how it is best organised, you could
check whether other youth organisations came to similar
conclusions. Together you could see whether these quality
standards could be ‘ofﬁcialised’ in some way, e.g. by having
them adopted by the board of your organisation, your national
youth council, or by integrating them into the standard youth
worker training, etc
≈ ...


≈ Often funding, especially for those with limited (financial)
means, is an obstacle to participation. Based on figures and
experiences from your project, you could lobby (probably local
town councillors) to set up a municipality fund for young
people with fewer opportunities to get some contribution
towards their participation in international projects.
≈ If your project was confronted with the difficulty of finding
appropriate premises for your youth exchange, you could
check with other youth organisations in your area whether
they had the same problems. Together you could use your
accounts of the problems experienced to get (cheaper) access
to e.g. schools during holiday periods, to town infrastructure or
to see whether you could organise (with a few towns together) a
multi-use youth hostel/seminar type facility.
≈ Maybe the youth workers in the youth project experienced
some situations during the project that they were not equipped
to deal with (e.g. health & safety, conflict management, crisis
management, working with different religions,…). If there is a
general need for youth workers on international projects to
receive training in these areas, you could pool together and
ask the National Agencies, SALTO or other training organisers
to arrange training in this field. Or, you could also organise
your own training (e.g. Training and Networking action of the
Youth in Action programme).
≈ Similarly, your project might come up with some recommen-
dations for (youth) policy. You could try to link in with other
youth projects and combine your recommendations to
increase your chances of getting your voice heard. Networking
and cooperation are very important tools in getting your
message heard.
≈ Maybe you created a sort of handbook on how to organise a
youth project. It might be very much adapted to your specific
needs and experiences. You could cooperate with some other
organisations that either have or are planning to develop such
a guide, and make one combined guide, that with combined
efforts and funding you could publish on a wider scale, and
have it as a reference book for youth work in your country.
(And don’t forget to think about revising and updating it
regularly).

86 EXPLOITATION

≈ Another way of taking a wider look (and removing your
blinkers) is to contribute to existing youth work tools,
rather than creating your own. For example there are many
different toolboxes and publications with methodologies
in existence, and each time a youth organisation produces
its own, duplication happens. You could make a decision in
your organisation to work together with one or other of the
Toolbox database or publication, and contribute to that,
instead of producing another one. e.g. the SALTO Toolbox for
Training and Youthwork at www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/Toolbox/
≈ From your project with its speciﬁc target groups which dealt
with certain topics, you might draw some conclusions about,
for example, reasons for youth violence, ways to motivate
young people, etc. If you think these ideas are relatively new,
they could be a good subject for some youth research. One
thing is to arbitrarily arrive at your conclusions, another
thing is to have some systematic research leading to these
conclusions (hopefully they will be the same). You could pass
on your research ideas to youth researchers, to social work or
social psychology students doing their theses etc. Send your
ideas to universities (possibly some of your youth workers
studied youth or social work and have contacts) – or to your
Youth in Action National Agency or to the Knowledge Centre
about European Youth Policy (www.youth-knowledge.net).
This way the information available on youth issues will be
further researched …
≈ You could also think of getting the backing of important
players in the ﬁeld (e.g. youth work, the topic of your project,
etc). This way your results, ‘approved’ by these key players,
will gain more (political) weight and will be more likely to be
listened to or be taken into account.
≈…

As mentioned on page 26, your project can have an impact
at different levels, ranging from micro to macro. However,
outsiders are not the only people who could be potentially
affected by your project. Projects could also be an ideal basis
for your board to draw conclusions and develop policies
within your organisation. Don’t forget to target the board of
your organisation with your project results, to enable them to
develop a better understanding of international projects and
European cooperation.


6. Informing policy makers
Political action

SLOWLY BUT SURELY CHANGE THE SYSTEM(S)
Politicians and policy makers are particularly sensitive
about their image, especially at election time. If you are going
to engage in some form of political activity it is always good to
involve the local press (see also chapter “Working with press &
media” on page 46). Depending on your aim, you can take one
of the following actions:

≈ Put a point on the agenda of your town council about your
project or problems encountered (that the local authorities
could solve). Mostly there is a procedure on local council
meetings to submit a motion or to be able to speak at a meeting
(e.g. support of one of the councillors, get some signatures, etc).
You can present your project and recommendations from it
at one of the town council meetings. It puts your organisation
and projects in the focus of the politicians, and highlights
some issue that they could solve.

≈ Collect signatures (e.g. of young people) about a problematic
topic which your youth project addresses and give them to
the relevant authority e.g. more consultation with young
people about opening hours of public buildings (e.g. libraries,
swimming pools, etc.), request for co-funding from local
government for young people with fewer opportunities to take
part in international projects, etc

≈ Engage in an activity to get the attention of the politicians
(and media) to a particular problem young people face or a
demand which they have, related to the topic of the project,…
e.g. a human chain around the town hall to show the need of
social inclusion of ALL young people, visualise the lack of funding
for youth by putting one teddy-bear per 10000 next to a heap of
cans symbolising every 10000 invested in business or a pile of
cabbages for every 10000 given to agriculture (get your statistics
right!),…

88 EXPLOITATION

≈ Organise face to face meetings with relevant politicians
about the situation of youth work and the reality your project
faces. To explore how you could cooperate, or to lobby for
more support (e.g. funding, use of public infrastructure,…).
You could use graphs and statistics to make your case.
≈…

Most of these mainstreaming activities involve communication
with similar project organisers or youth organisations in the
field. You need to pool resources and cooperate to suggest or
provoke change at a ‘higher level’ (looking beyond one project),
which will benefit all in the future. Therefore it is important to
create places where youth workers can meet. This can be done
on a case-by-case basis, or you can organise specific events
for this (e.g. exchange of good practice meetings, youth worker
intervision between colleagues,…). You could also bring youth
workers together to deal with specific topics or areas of work
(e.g. inclusion, arts & youth,…) or from a certain network (e.g.
organised by youth umbrella organisations like Scouts, AFS, etc).


References & further reading
Make more Waves
Websites and publications

FIND MORE INSPIRATION ONLINE

Get more information about
‘Dissemination & Exploitation of Results’ in
Youth in Action
≈ DG EAC Valorisation Website
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/valorisation/
≈ DG EAC EVE Platform - results of projects financed through
programmes of European Commission in the fields of Educa-
tion, Training, Culture, Youth and Citizenship
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/eve/
≈ Youthpass – a European instrument to make learning visible
www.youthpass.eu and
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/youthpass/
≈ SALTO Long Term Evaluation System
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/evaluation/

Dissemination & exploitation of project results in
other programmes
≈ DG EAC EVE Platform - results of projects financed through
programmes of European Commission in the fields of
Education, Training, Culture, Youth and Citizenship
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/eve/
≈ DG EAC links about dissemination and expolitation of
results in different programmes http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/
education_culture/valorisation/useful-links_en.html
≈ Guide to Capitalisation 2004, Urbact, France - www.urbact.eu
≈ Dissemination and Valorisation Guidance Notes for
Leonardo Projects, UK NA Leonardo - www.leonardo.org.uk
≈ EU Visibility Guidelines for External Actions, EuropeAid,
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/ or
http://eu-visibility.ru/guidelines/eng/

90 REFERENCES & further reading

Author and sources
At the basis of this booklet

WHO AND WHAT IS BEHIND MAKING WAVES

Tony Geudens Author & editor
http://trainers.salto-youth.net/TonyGeudens/

Tony wrote this publication, based on 20
years of youth work experience and 10
years as SALTO Inclusion coordinator, as
well as numerous inputs and feedback from
stakeholders and seminars (listed below).

Since the SALTO Resource Centres have been working for the
whole of Europe, but with limited resources, they always had
to do as much as possible with their limited funds and staff. So
lots of dissemination and exploitation of the SALTO work is done
constantly, to have the biggest possible impact with its activities.

When the European Commission drew up its strategy for
the ‘dissemination and exploitation of project results’ for the
Youth in Action programme, SALTO is mentioned as one of the
key players, and was requested to focus their attention on this
important feature in their work.

SALTO also has the advantage of being in the middle of different
stakeholders. It has good contacts with National Agencies,
and could draw on their experiences. This booklet draws on
different NA activities and contributions about multiplying and
increasing the impact of youth projects. SALTO also liaised with
the European Commission, for guidance and links in this matter .


Commenting – feedback
Many thanks to the following people for their valuable
contributions, examples and feedback
(mentioned by institutions in which they were involved at the
time of writing of this booklet, 2007).

≈ Elisabetta Degiampietro – European Commission - DG
Education and Culture’s Valorisation Unit
≈ Peggy Genève, Veronika Remisova, Giorgio Guazzugli-
Marini - European Commission – Youth Programme Unit

≈ Udo Teichmann – SALTO Training and Cooperation
Resource Centre
≈ Susie Green – SALTO Cultural Diversity Resource Centre
≈ Einar Rafn Gudbrandsson – SALTO South East Europe
Resource Centre
≈ Caroline Mayaudon – SALTO EuroMed Resource Centre
≈ Sandrine Suel – SALTO Participation Resource Centre

≈ Ann Hendriks, Sophie Van Daele, Els Meerschaert,
Joël Versin, Bertrand Lebacq & David Wemel – Jint,
Flemish Belgian NA
≈ Miriam Jänes – Euroopa Noored Eesti büroo, Estonian NA
≈ Magali Raynaud – BIJ, French-speaking Belgian NA
≈ Flavia Giovanelli & Gilles Baccala, INJEP, French NA

≈ Gonzalo Felipe Serrano Martinez, COLEGA Jaen, Spain
≈ Fabrice Lachenmaier, INE, France
≈ Pascal Chaumette, Coripas, France
≈ Saskia Vandeputte, Freelance Trainer, Belgium

Apologies should any contributor have been forgotten in this list.


The following activities and publications inspired
this booklet

≈ ViVa seminar France June 2005, INJEP, French NA YiA,
www.yonet.org/spip.php?rubrique76 & www.injep.fr
≈ Pass-it-on Training Course 2005, INJEP, French NA YiA,
www.injep.fr & 2006, Jint, Belgian Flemish NA YiA,
www.jint.be
≈ Spread-the-Fire training course 2007, Jint, Belgian Flemish
NA YiA - www.jint.be
≈ VOTE Working Group, Jint vzw, www.jint.be
≈ TCP Seminar 2007, SALTO Training & Cooperation,
www.salto-youth.net/trainingandcooperation/
≈ Youthpass training course Portugal July 2007,
www.youthpass.eu
≈ Publiciteit-kit voor Jongeren en Organisaties 2007, Dutch NA
YiA, www.youthinaction.nl
≈ Bien communiquer son projet, Mémoguides, INJEP, French
NA YiA, www.injep.fr
≈ Dissemination and Valorisation Guidance Notes for Leonardo
Projects, UK NA Leonardo, www.leonardo.org.uk
≈ EU Visibility Guidelines for External Actions, EuropeAid,
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/ or
http://eu-visibility.ru/guidelines/eng/

..


How to Make Waves? – Short visual overview

STEP BY STEP PLANNING OF YOUR VISIBILITY,
DISSEMINATION AND VALORISATION ACTIVITIES
Walk step by step through the illustrations and the questions
below, and you will come to a coherent visibility, dissemination
and exploitation plan.

1. What is your aim? What are you trying to reach with your
project for whose benefit? e.g. include more young people with
a disability in international youth projects
2. What are the likely results of your project? What stones can
you throw? e.g. publication, policy recommendations,
learning,…
3. Who is your target? Whom do you want to impact with your
actions? e.g. local politicians, policy makers, the mayor
4. What dissemination or exploitation action do you want to do
carry out? e.g. recommend to politicians to give extra
co-funding for special needs
e.g. go and make your point at a town council meeting
What kind of message or action does your target group need,
in what timing and format? e.g. a factual message, stating how
much it costs more to cater for special needs
e.g. probably linked to some disability event (e.g. Disability
Day), with media involved
5. What do you need to collect to be able to spread such a
message? Who does it? e.g. document visually (pictures,
videos) of difficulties faced – project photographer
e.g. write down the recommendations, based on facts – president
of organisation

Read more about “Planning Waves - Think before you throw
the first stone!” on page 14.


1. What is your aim?
For whom are you doing it ?
Beneficiaries: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.................
3. Which shores are
4. What waves do you you targeting? What
5. Where, how & who are the needs of your
to collect & throw the want to make?
Your dissemination & target group?:
stones? Task division:
exploitation action: ..................
..................
..................

2. What stones do you
have to ‘Make Waves’?
Your product /results:
..................


Editorial Info
Published in November 2007, current reprint in December 2010 by
SALTO-YOUTH Inclusion Resource Centre
(Support & Advanced Learning and Training Opportunities within
the Youth in Action Programme)
SALTO-Jint, Grétrystraat 26, 1000 Brussel, Belgium
Tel +32 (0)2 209 07 20 - Fax: +32 (0)2 209 07 49
inclusion@salto-youth.net

This booklet is based on a variety of visibility, dissemination and
exploitation seminars and publications. A big thank you for the
contributions received from different experts in the field.

Coordination, Writing & Editing: Tony Geudens,
tony@salto-youth.net-Tony@Geudens.com
Proofreading: Fionnuala Walsh, Ireland,
fionnualawalsh@hotmail.com
Layout: miXst, info@mixst.be
Pictures: COLEGA Jaen, Spain, jaen@colegaweb.org
SALTO Inclusion, inclusion@salto-youth.net
Printing: Newgoff, Mariakerke

Updated in November 2010 by Marija Kljajic,
marija@salto-youth.net
SALTO-YOUTH Inclusion Resource Centre

Reproduction and use for non-commercial purposes is permitted
provided the source www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/MakingWaves/ is
mentioned and inclusion@salto-youth.net is notified.

SALTO Inclusion cares about the environment. This
booklet has been printed on environmentally friendly
recycled paper. Order or print this publication only if
you really need it. The Earth says ‘Thank you!’
96 EDITORIAL

Are you one of the thousands of youth project organisers in Europe? Trying to make
a little change with the youth work you do? Maybe you want to have some bigger
impact with your projects? It only takes a little bit more effort and strategic
thinking!

Your youth project is like a stone thrown in the water: it creates some ripples or Waves
on the water: your youth work intends to have some impact. This booklet helps you
think and plan how you can make the biggest possible Waves with your project

≈ Be proud of your work! ‘Making Waves’ gives you some practical suggestions to
increase the visibility your project. The more people know about your work, the
better.
≈ Surely your project generates some wonderful results or products: new methods,
a CD-rom, learning, a theatre-play, recommendations to decision-makers,…
≈ Don’t sit on your project results – share them with others! ‘Making Waves’ lists
some tips and tricks about you to disseminate your results.
≈ But it would even be better if your project results were
actually also USED. ‘Making Waves’ guides you through the exploitation of
your project results.

Visibility, dissemination and exploitation of results
(valorisation) are important features of the Youth in Action programme.
SALTO-YOUTH pro-actively took up its ‘support role’ within the YiA programme
and developed this practical publication for youth workers faced with these
visibility, dissemination and exploitation requests in their projects.

But actually, Making Waves with your project is just
common sense. When you are doing youth projects, do them as good as possible
and have the biggest possible impact!

‘Making Waves’ hopes to give you inspiration about how to make the most out of
your project and Make the best Waves possible!

This booklet has been developed by SALTO Inclusion. Download it for free at
www.SALTO-YOUTH.net/MakingWaves/

SALTO-YOUTH
RESOURCE CENTRES Education and Culture

Making waves; creating more impact with your youth projects

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