Management Information System Process and Systems
- 2. Retail Industry: Reliance Mart • Supply chain inventory • Sales Data System • Reduce costs • Improve customer satisfaction • Maintain its competitive edge. Benefits
- 3. Healthcare Industry: Electronic Health Records (EHR) • Information. • To access patient histories, lab results, and treatment plans in real time System • Reduce costs • Improve customer satisfaction • Maintain its competitive edge. Benefits
- 4. Manufacturing Industry: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) at Toyota System • Business processes • Streamline operations Benefits • Reduce waste • Integrate Various activities • Enhance productivity by providing real-time data real-time data of inventory levels, production production schedules, and financial performance. data
- 6. MIS Management Information Systems (MIS) is a field that combines technology, people, and processes to manage information in organizations effectively. It involves the study and use of information systems to support decision-making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization.
- 7. Components of MIS •Operates and control operations •Enter, analyse and diagnose data People •Uses different procedures •Effective information generation Data Process •In written format •Appropriate way of communication Data Communication
- 8. Components of MIS • Processed Data • Recorded for future reference Information • Optimising output by connecting various sub system System Planning • Hardware: computer Equipment • Software: programmes : invoice, wage sheet Hardware and Software
- 9. Objectives of MIS Efficient Planning and controlling Cost Controlling Strength of Management Comparison of Performance Production statistics System
- 10. Need of MIS SUPPORT STRATEGIES FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE SUPPORT FOR BUSINESS DECISION MAKING SUPPORT FOR BUSINESS PROCESS AND OPERATION
- 11. Features Management Oriented Management Directed Integrated System Common data Flow Avoid Redundancy
- 12. Features Flexibility Common Data Base Heavy Planning Elements Computerization Periodic Evaluation
- 13. Advantages Generate Competitive Advantage Implementation of Management by Objectives Fast Reaction to Market Changes Management Information System Change in Industry Structure
- 14. Advantages Change in Industry Structure Functional Use External and Internal Changes Availability to Customer Data
- 15. MIS : Supply Chain Management Supply chain management meant managing movement and storage of raw materials, work- in-progress inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. It involves managing the network of interconnected smaller business units, networks of channels that take part in producing a merchandise of a service package required by the end users or customers.
- 16. Definition of Supply Chain Management • Design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities • With the objective of creating net value, • Building a competitive infrastructure • Leveraging worldwide logistics • Synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally.
- 17. Objectives of Supply Chain Management To decrease inventory cost by more accurately predicting demand and scheduling production to match it. 01 To reduce overall production cost by streamlining production and by improving information flow. 02 To improve customer satisfaction. 03
- 18. SCM consists of Operations management Logistics Procurement Information technology Integrated business operations
- 20. Features Tries to minimize the cost to the customer Confirms the product as per customer requirement Coordinating for procurement, distribution as per customer requirement Emphasizes on logistic management by providing facilities to the suppliers, integration of various components Management of relationship with supplier and customer. Coordination for best facilities to the supplier and value less cost to the customer
- 21. Features It is the management of network interconnected businesses involved in the ultimate provision of products and services required by end customer. Network includes material flow from supplier to main supplier Transformation of material into semi finished and finished products Distribution of products to their customers and their downstream customers at all levels.
- 22. Models of Supply Chain Management Efficiency Supply Chain Model Efficiency is important Cement, Paper, Commodity, Fashion Responsive Supply Chain Model On demand situations Level of uncertainty Custom order products, trendy products
- 23. Efficiency Supply chain Model • Continuous Flow Models • Manufactures same products with little fluctuations • Most traditional supply chain model • Best suitable for matured industries that operate with a certain degree of stability • Stability in high demand situations
- 24. The Fast Chain Models • Trendy products : Short life cycle • Flexible model • Best suitable for fashion industry • Fast supply chain model • Shortening time from idea to marketing • Highest forecast and assumption accuracy • End to end efficiency with affordable cost
- 25. Efficient Chain Model • Used in highly competitive market • Pricing plays important role • Commoditized organizations where production cycle and competition are solely based on prices • Inventory management and order fulfillment are prime areas. • Steel and cement Industry
- 26. Responsive Supply Chain Models • Custom configured Model • Providing custom configurations during assembly and production • High degree of correlation between asset and total cost • Combination of agile model and continuous flow model • Combination model is used : product is build before configuration • Agile model : downstream processes
- 27. Agile Model Useful for businesses that deal in specialty order items Uses for made to order basis : manufactured after receiving order Best suited for industries that deal with unpredictable demand and products that are made at order Need excess production capacity Processes are designed for smallest batches of products. Focus on ability to fulfill demand on short notice Remain static in small demand
- 28. Flexible Model Freedom to meet high demand peaks and mange long period for low movement Switched on and off easily Suitable for industries where extremely high demand followed by low movement Products associated with holidays and seasonal products Every model must be efficient and responsive to deliver the best in support, improve productivity and meet consumer demand.
- 29. Cost and Management System (CMS) It consists of set of formal methods developed for planning and controlling on organization’s costs. CMS should meet two types of challenges • Profitability in short Term • Maintaining a competitive position in long term
- 30. Cost and Management System (CMS) In short Run: Focus will be on : Organizational Efficiency •: Special Costs ( Manufacturing, Service, Marketing, Administration) Long term : Focus will be on objectives •: Cost Categories ( Customers, Suppliers, Products, Distribution Channels)
- 31. Cost and Management System (CMS) • To plan, prepare financial statement • To assess individual product or service profitability • To measure period profitability • To establish process for cost plus contract • To create basis for performance • Provide information about Life Cycle Performance Develop accurate Production and Cost System • Basis to relate costs incurred in one stage of the cost and profitability of other stages Provide information about Life Cycle Performance
- 32. Cost and Management System (CMS) • Cost beneficial improvements in production and processing system Understand process and Activities • Cost can be controlled by monitoring the activities • Cost driver is important Control of cost • Measure and evaluate information • Not only human intervention • Equipment performance • Define strategies Generate Information
- 33. Key points in designing of CMS Core Competencies Organisational Culture Mission Cost and Management System
- 34. Points to be considered while designing CMS Input data to be gathered and format of data Integration of current system and its effectiveness Appropriate current Charts Significant issues not addressed by Current CMS Integrate various parameters as to update existing system Cost and Management System
- 35. ERP : Enterprise Resource Planning Process Model Logical Model Physical Model
- 36. Process Model In this model information system is depicted as a collection of processes that are put together and occur in predetermined sequences to gather, capture, format and present information. Process is something that converts input into output A Process insists the following entities to function Methods or Procedures Trained operators Knowledge of methods and Machinery Materials Machinery
- 37. Logical Model
- 38. Physical Model Consists of sub systems interact with each other and to produce information in desired format. Efficiency with each module will interact with others will determine the effectiveness of MIS Data Capturing Data Processing Data Storage and Retrieval Modelling Stimulation Reporting Control Support Design Support
- 39. •Collect and capture data •Vary basis of volume and complexity of data Data capturing •Storage of data of previous model •Must be retrievable for processing Data Storage •Responsible for storing of data capturing into usable information •A variety of processes to be used to combine data to information Data Processing
- 40. •Converting output from data processing module into meaningful information •Vary basis of volume and complexity of data Information Reporting Data Processing Information Reporting • Take decision based on information presented Decision Support Module
- 41. • Keep control over various aspects • Based on feedback mechanism • Updates about the happening in the system and to make necessary changes in the system. Control Support Module •Future consequences •Forecast opportunities •Useful for the growth Modelling and simulation Model
- 42. MIS - System Development Life Cycle Planning and Requirement Analysis Designing System Architecture Building or Developing the System Testing the System Deployment of the System System Evaluation and Maintenance
- 43. Planning and Requirement Analysis Planning : The project planning part involves the following steps − Planning Reviewing various project requests Reviewing Prioritizing the project requests Prioritizing Allocating the resources Allocating Identifying the project development team Identifying
- 44. Planning and Requirement Analysis Planning : The project planning part involves the following steps − Planning Reviewing various project requests Reviewing Prioritizing the project requests Prioritizing Allocating the resources Allocating Identifying the project development team Identifying
- 45. Requirement Analysis The requirement analysis part involves understanding the goals, processes and the constraints of the system for which the information system is being designed. Requirement analysis has the following sub-processes − •Conducting preliminary investigation •Performing detailed analysis activities •Studying current system •Determining user requirements •Recommending a solution
- 46. Designing System Architecture System design specifies how the system will accomplish this objective. System design consists of both logical design and physical design activity, which produces 'system specification' satisfying system requirements developed in the system analysis stage. In this stage, the following documents are prepared − •Detailed specification Hardware/software plan
- 47. Building or Developing the System It has the following stages − Acquiring hardware and software, if necessary Database design Developing system processes Coding and testing each module The final report prior to implementation phase includes procedural flowcharts, record layout, report layout and plan for implementing the candidate system.
- 48. Building or Developing the System Information on personnel, money, hardware, facility and their estimated cost must also be available. At this point projected cost must be close to actual cost of implementation.
- 49. Testing the System System testing requires a test plan that consists of several key activities and steps for programs, strings, system, and user acceptance testing. The system performance criteria deals with turnaround time, backup, file protection and the human factors.
- 50. Testing the System Testing process focuses on both •The internal logic of the system/software, ensuring that all statements have been tested; •The external functions, by conducting tests to find errors and ensuring that the defined input will actually produce the required results.
- 51. Deployment of the System At this stage, system is put system is put into production to be used by used by the end users. users. Sometime, we put system system into a Beta stage stage where users' feedback is received and and based on the feedback, the system is is corrected or improved improved before a final final release or official official release of the the system.
- 52. System Evaluation and Maintenance Maintenance is necessary necessary to eliminate the eliminate the errors in the in the working system system during its working working life and to tune the tune the system to any any variation in its working working environment. Often small system deficiencies are found, as found, as system is brought into operation and operation and changes are changes are made to remove them. System planner must always plan for resources resources availability to availability to carry on carry on these maintenance functions functions
- 53. Thank You
Editor's Notes
- #3: The system collects data from point-of-sale (POS) systems, tracks inventory levels, and forecasts demand to ensure that products are available when customers need them.
- #4: The system collects data from point-of-sale (POS) systems, tracks inventory levels, and forecasts demand to ensure that products are available when customers need them.
- #10: Operational Excellence : Planning and controlling New product : strength and opportunities Customer : comparative performance of actual and standard Decision making: performance of 5M , wastages, cost Survival :