Market segmentation involves dividing the overall market into subgroups based on characteristics like demographics, behaviors, or locations. There are four main types of market segmentation: demographic (using factors like age, income, gender), geographic (based on location), psychographic (based on lifestyle and attitudes), and behavioral (based on how customers interact with a product). Segmentation allows companies to better understand customer needs and target specific subgroups, which can increase marketing effectiveness and competitive advantage. However, targeting too many segments also increases costs.
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