Massive MIMO: Bristol - Lund Joint Field Trial Experiments and Record Breaking Spectrum
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The document outlines a field trial on massive MIMO technology conducted by the University of Bristol, aiming to enhance spectrum efficiency and capacity for 5G networks. It discusses the challenges faced, including power control and spatial multiplexing, as well as test-bed details and initial results from experiments. The presentation also highlights ongoing research questions related to scalability and integration with software-enabled networks.
Massive MIMO: Bristol - Lund Joint Field Trial Experiments and Record Breaking Spectrum
- 1. Massive MIMO: Bristol - Lund Joint Field Trial Experiments and Record Breaking Spectrum Professor Mark Beach Communication and Networks Group, University of Bristol, Bristol. UK http://www.bristol.ac.uk/engineering/research/csn/ IEEE PIMRC 2016 COST IRACON Workshop Sunday 4th September 2016, Valencia, Spain
- 2. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Summary • 5G and why Massive MIMO • Multiple Access through Massive MIMO • Test-bed architecture • Field Trials exploring gains in Spectrum Efficiency • Power Control … why and how • Open Research Questions 2
- 3. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 5G: The Networked Society • Broadband experience: everywhere; anytime • Smart vehicles, transport & infrastructure Target Specs: • 10Gbit/s Peak, 100Mbit/s where ever needed • X100 – x1000 Capacity • X10 battery life • Reduced Latency (1ms) • 5G Requires • New Spectrum …… Millimetre wave bands • Enhanced Spectrum Efficiency .. Massive MIMO for sub-6GHz 3
- 4. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 What is Massive MIMO & Why? 4 Basestation or Access Point > 50 (M) antennas serving a few (K) users (simultaneously) Simple Signal Processing, power and spectrum efficient (sub-6GHz)
- 5. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Refined Definition 5 Millimetre Wave 5G Access: Massive Arrays for Beamforming Array Gain Analogue Phase control Sub 6GHz: Massive Arrays with Signal Processing per element for enhanced Spectrum Efficiency
- 6. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Massive MIMO and Capacity Gain 6 Ultimate Spatial Resolution • Increased spectral efficiency and network capacity • Accurate spatial multiplexing for multiple access • Same Radio Channel, Same time (slot) Time Space Uplink Downlink Uplink Uplink Uplink Downlink Downlink Downlink Cellular View
- 7. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 More than just beamforming 7
- 8. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 NI Based ‘BIO’ Massive MIMO test-bed • 128 Programmable Radio Heads • 20MHz Bandwidth • ‘LTE’ like interface • 1.2 – 6.0GHz Carrier • 3.51GHz used • 4 Racks of 32 Radios • Data consolidation • Channel processing • 24 Clients • Massive MIMO signal processing supporting • 12 clients
- 9. Bristol is Open (BIO): Open Programmable City Not for Profit Joint Venture Bristol City Council & University of Bristol
- 10. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Massive MIMO subsystem architecture 11
- 11. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Division of Labour 13 MIMO 0 U S R P U S R P U S R P U S R P U S R P U S R P U S R P U S R P MIMO 1 MIMO 2 MIMO 3 Subcarriers 0-299 16 antennas Subcarriers 300-599 16 antennas Subcarriers 600-899 16 antennas Subcarriers 900-1199 16 antennas Downlink Uplink• 8 USRPs / Subsystem • 8 Subsystems Single RRH Subsystem
- 12. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Initial System Deployment 15 • Indoor Atrium (University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Engineering Building • 5.4m Linear Array with half-wavelength spacing • LOS Conditions
- 13. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Initial System Deployment 16 • Client Separation 2.5 - 6 Wavelengths • Equal Transmit Power
- 14. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 128 element, 5.4m long array 17
- 15. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Some initial results (10th March 2016): 18 Eigen Structure Individual Spatial Stream Rx Magnitude Power Delay profiles Frequency Domain profiles 12 streams of 256 QAM! http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2016/march/massive-mimo.htmlCOST IRACON TD(16)0185 Paul Harris
- 16. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 𝑯𝑯 𝑯 for 12 users with scaled N 19 Scenario 2 (12.5m Straight Line)
- 17. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Alternative view of channel hardening 20 Eigenvalue 𝐈 𝐓𝐡 = 44% Eigenvalue 𝐈 𝐓𝐡 = 16% • M = 32 & UEs =12 • No movement • M = 112 & UEs =12 • With motion between array & users
- 18. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Motion & channel hardening 21 Eigenvalue 𝐈 𝐓𝐡 = 16% • M = 112 & UEs =12 • With motion between array & users
- 19. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 CDF Plots of Singular Value Spreads 22 Scenario 1-3 in ascending order of LOS distance LOS worst scenario for 32 elements
- 20. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Facebook & Massive MIMO (13th April 2016) • ARIES (Antenna Radio Integration for Efficiency in Spectrum) • Rural wireless Internet • Specifications & Efficiency • 96 antenna element array • 24 users • 71 bits/s/Hz 23 http://www.wired.com/2016/04/facebooks-massive-new-antennas-can-beam-internet-miles/
- 21. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 2nd Deployment (Wed 11th May 2016) 24 22 users running 256 QAM in 20MHz Channel Using same frame structure as before: • 145.6 bits/s/Hz • Sum rate of 2.915 Gbps http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/telecom/wireless/5g-researchers-achieve-new-spectrum-efficiency-record http://www.bris.ac.uk/news/2016/may/5g-wireless-spectrum-efficiency.html User Inactive User Inactive 128 element (32 x 4) dual polar patch array
- 22. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Why Power Control? 25 User 1 User 2 User 3 … User K ReceivedPower • Users communicate using: • Same Radio Channel • At the same time (slot) ONLY separated through spatial- temporal signal processing • Due to finite dynamic range • Near-far effect (like CDMA) • For Massive MIMO exploit • Channel Hardening • (Minimise) Mutual Interference Within Power Control Algorithm
- 23. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Uplink Power Control 26 COST IRACON TD(16)0184 Wael Boukley Hasan
- 24. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Power Control in action 27
- 25. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Initial Results 28
- 26. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 On-going: Mobility Trials & Analysis 30
- 27. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 31
- 28. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Open Research Questions 32 Scalability, Multi-cell – massive MIMO (Pilot Contamination), Power Control Integration with Software Enabled Networks Antenna Element Design, Polarisation, Array Geometry, Planning Tools Algorithm Optimisation: Dense Urban Vs Rural, plus Specialist Deployments U E 1 U E 2 Reduced SINR 700MHz Control plane 3.5GHz m-MIMO Data-plane
- 29. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Acknowledgements and Thanks to … • Academic Colleagues at Bristol: Andrew Nix, Evangelos Mellios, Angela Doufexi and Simon Armour • Post Graduate Students: Paul Harris, Siming Zhang, Henry Brice, Benny Chitambira, Wael Boukley Hasan & Fred Wiffen • Academic Colleagues Ove Edfors, Fredrik Tufvesson & Liang Liu, post graduates Steffan Malkowsky, Joao Vieira, Erik Bengtsson,….. at Lund University • NI Staff Leif Johansson, Karl Nieman Ian Wong & James Kimery 33 Any Questions?
- 30. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 34
- 31. Communication Systems & Networks Group University of Bristol © CSN Group 2016 Frame Schedule 35