This document discusses independent and dependent variables. It defines an independent variable as a variable that is manipulated to determine the value of a dependent variable. The dependent variable is what is being measured in an experiment. Several examples are provided to illustrate independent and dependent variables, such as number of tardy students (dependent) depending on their clothing color (independent). Other examples show test scores (dependent) depending on sleep time (independent), and reaction of rats (dependent) depending on affections given to them (independent).