Mathematics class 8
- 2. Natural Number Whole Numbers Integers
- 3. Numbers starting from 1 and so on They are also called counting numbers. The smallest natural number is 1. There is no greatest natural number. The next natural number can be found by adding 1 to the current natural number or you can say that each number has its successor.
- 4. When ‘0’ is added to the collection of natural numbers it becomes collection of whole numbers The smallest whole no.is 0 There in no greatest whole number. All natural no. are whole numbers but the inverse is not true always.
- 5. Natural numbers are also called positive numbers. Also, every positive number has its corresponding negative and they are called negative numbers. The collection of positive numbers and negative numbers along with 0 is called Integers. For instance : 4,-8,0
- 6. A number that can be expressed in the form of p/q , where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0 is called a Rational number. For instance : 3/4 , -3/8 , -13/7 are rational number But what we already known that 3/4 is a fraction and fraction means part of a whole. A fraction is denoted by two numbers , one over the other. The number above horizontal line is called the Numerator and the number below the horizontal line is called Denominator
- 7. A number that can be expressed in the form of p/q , where p and q are whole numbers and q is not equal to 0 is called a Fraction. For instance : 3/4 , 13/7,3/8 A number that can be expressed in the form of p/q , where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0 is called a Rational number. For instance : 3/4 , -3/8 , -13/7 are rational number
- 8. In a rational number, if the numerator and the denominator have the same sign it is said to be a positive rational number. For example: 5 , -9 2 -4 In a rational number, if the numerator and denominator have different signs it is said to be a negative rational number. For example: -6 , 5 13 -3
- 9. The numerical value of a number with no regards to its sign. The absolute value of a number is never negative. It means to remove any negative sign in front of a number
- 10. A rational number is said to be in its standard form if its numerator and denominator have no common factor rather than 1. Denominator is always positive.
- 11. Two rational numbers are said to be equivalent if they have same standard form. We can find equivalent rational numbers either by multiplying or dividing the given rational number with same non-zero integer.