Maths project on mensuration class 8 by indira singh
- 1. BIRLA BALIKA VIDYAPEETH MATHS PROJECT 2018 Submitted by : Indira Singh Class : VIIIA Roll no:-7 Submitted to : Mrs. Rini Abrahm
- 2. CHAPTER 11 MENSURATION What is mensuration in mathematics? Mensuration is a branch in mathematics which deals with measurement of areas and volumes of various geometrical figures. Figures such as cubes,cuboid,cones,cylinders and spheres have volume and area. Mensuration deals with development of formulas to measure the areas and volume.
- 3. INTRODUCTION ● PERIMETER OF CLOSED FIGURE ● AREA OF QUADRILATERAL AND POLYGONS ● SURFACE AREAS OF SOLIDS ● VOLUME OF SOLIDS
- 4. DEFINATIONS ● AREA :-The amount of space inside the boundary of a two dimensional shape . ● PERIMETER :-The amount of space outside the boundary of a two dimensional shape .
- 5. SQUARE Square, regular quadrilateral of all four sidesof equal length and angles. Itsoppositesidesareparallel and its diagonalsperpendicularly bisect each other,and areof equal length. A quadrilateral isasquareonly if it possesboth the propertiesoneof a rhombus{FOUR EQUAL SIDES} and of rectangles{FOUR EQUAL ANGLES}. No. of edges:- 4 No. of vertices:-4 AREA:{side x side} PERIMETER: {4 x side}
- 6. RECTANGLE In rectangle,all anglesareright angles. Thediagonalsbisect each other and areequal in length. A rectangleisalso parallelogram (OPPOSITE SIDES ARE PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER) . No. of edges:- 4 No. of vertices:-4 AREA:{length x breadth} PERIMETER:2{length+breadth}
- 7. TRIANGLEA triangleisasimplepolygon. It isoneof thebasic shapesin geometry with threeedgesand vertices. No. of edges:- 3 No. of vertices:-3 AREA:{½ x base x height} PERIMETER: Equilateral:{3 x side} Isosceles:{side + side+ side} Scalene:When s is perimeter:{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}
- 8. PARALLELOGRAM A parallelogram isaquadrilateral with oppositesidesequal and parallel to each other. It hasoppositeequal angles.Parallelogramsincludesall rhombi and rhomboidsthusincludes all rectangles. No. of edges:- 4 No. of vertices:-4 AREA:{½ x base x height} PERIMETER:{sum of all its sides}
- 9. TRAPEZIUM In Euclidean geometry, aconvex quadrilateral with at least onepair of parallel sidesisreferred to asatrapezium in English outsideNorth America. The parallel sidesarecalled thebasesof a trapezium and theother two sidesare called legsor lateral sides. No. of edges:- 4 No. of vertices:-4 AREA:{½(sum of its sides) x height} PERIMETER:{sum of all its sides}
- 10. RHOMBUS Rhombushasall itsfour sidesof equal length. Thediagonalsof a rhombusperpendicularly bisect each other. Informally:'apushover square'. No. of edges:- 4 No. of vertices:-4 AREA:½ x {product of its diagonals} PERIMETER:{sum of all its sides}
- 11. CUBE In geometry, acubeisathree- dimensional solid object bounded by six squarefaces, facetsor sides, with threemeeting at each vertex. SURFACEAREAOFCUBE:- Areaof allits sides = 6x{sidexside}
- 12. CUBOID A cuboid isabox-shaped object madeof six facesthat all meet at 90- degreeangles. A cuboid shapecan also beacubeif all sidesarethe samelength{NOT ALL CUBOIDS ARE CUBES}. SURFACEAREAOFCUBOID:- AREAOFALLITSFACES= 2{lb+ bh+ hl}
- 13. CYLINDER A cylinder, hastraditionally been athree-dimensional solid, oneof themost basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. It istheidealized version of a solid physical tin can having lidson top and bottom. AREAOFCURVEDSURFACE: 2× π × r× h AREAOFABASE: : πr² AREAOFTWO BASES: 2πr²
- 14. VOLUME OF SOLIDS
- 15. CUBE ● A cubehassix squarefaces. ● Thelength of each squareface isequal. VOLUMEOF CUBE : Lengthx length x length Or L3
- 16. CUBOID ● A cuboid also has6 faces. ● However,they arenot equal in length. VOLUMEOF CUBOID: Lengthx widthx height
- 17. CYLINDER A cylinderistheidealized version of asolid physical tin can having lidson top and bottom. VOLUMEOFCYLINDER: πr²h
- 18. HOPE YOU LIKED IT