Mcb lecture 2
- 1. MCB 1 GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
- 3. Introduction to Microbiology Microbial World and You Introduction to Applications: The Significance of Microbes C. Historical Overview of Microbiology Techniques in Microbiology Microscopes and Microscopy Isolating and Cultivating of Bacteria Preparing Specimen for Microscope: Staining Methods Controlling Microbial Growth Physical Methods of Controlling Chemical Methods of Controlling Microbial Diversity: Place of Microorganisms in the Living World Major Microbial Groups and their Basic Properties Phylogeny: Classification of Microorganisms Bacteria Protozoa Algae Fungi Virus and Prions IV.Biology of Bacteria A.Bacterial Metabolism B.Bacterial Genetics DNA and chromosomes Central Dogma Mutation and Implications of Mutation: Antibiotic Resistance V. Applications of Microbiology A. Medical Microbiology Role of Microbes in Diseases Disease and Epidemiology Principles of Disease Etiology of Infectious Diseases Classification, Transmission, and Patterns of Infection Role of Microbes in Therapy B. Microbial Ecology Role of Microbes in Nutrient Cycling Role of Microbes in Soil Health Degradation of Synthetic Chemicals in Soil and Water C. Industrial Microbiology
- 5. Microbiology deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification size range: 20 nm- 5 mm
- 6. s MICROORGANISMS -microbes/ germs/ bugs
- 7. microorganisms Bacteria Protozoa Fungi Algae Virus
- 8. bacteria - most thoroughly studied - unicellular - prokaryotic -ex: E. coli
- 9. protozoa - unicellular - eukaryotic - obtain food by engulfing smaller microorganisms - ex: amoeba
- 10. fungi -eukaryotic -decomposers -ex: bread mold/ Rhizopus
- 11. algae - some unicellular, some multicellular - photosynthetic - distributed fresh water and oceans -ex. blue-green algae
- 12. virus - acellular entities - behave like living organism when they gain entry on living organisms -ex: flu virus
- 13. Microbial World and You
- 14. MICROBES ARE EVERYWHERE and ARE RELEVANT TO ALL ASPECTS OF HUMAN LIFE
- 15. Reasons why we study MICROBIOLOGY 1. Microorganisms have major impact on human health; 2. Microorganisms maintain the balance of nature; 3. Microorganisms are essential to many human endeavors; 4. Microbiology provides insights into life processes in all forms of life
- 16. - nearly 2,000 different microbes cause various types of diseases - infectious diseases: **10 Billion new infections/year (according to World Health Organization) ** most common source of death at around 13 Million/ year 1. Microorganisms have major impact on human health
- 17. 1. Microorganisms have major impact on human health
- 18. many are treatable with drugs or preventable by vaccines hardest hit are the poor countries (1/3 live on $ 1/day) 1. Microorganisms have major impact on human health
- 19. there is a current increase in number of new (emerging) and older (reemerging) diseases SARS, AIDS, hepatitis C, viral encephalitis 1. Microorganisms have major impact on human health
- 20. - new discovery: non infectious diseases involve microbial infection: gastric ulcer Helicobacter pylori cervical cancer human pappiloma virus diabetis Coxsacki virus schizophrenia borna agent virus female infertility Chlamydia 1st golden age: role of microorganisms in obvious and infectious diseases 2nd golden age: role of microorganisms in quiet but slowly destructive diseases 1. Microorganisms have major impact on human health
- 21. a. photosynthesis b. decomposition 2. Microorganisms are deeply involved in the flow of energy and food
- 22. - bacteria invented photosynthesis ** anoxygenic photosynthesis first then oxygenic photosynthesis, one that involves production of oxygen ** bacteria changed the earth’s anaerobic atmosphere to aerobic atmosphere, which eventually lead to the explosion of species diversity - photosynthetic microorganisms account for 50% of all of earth’s photosynthesis, and serve as food to various organisms 2. Microorganisms are deeply involved in the flow of energy and food
- 23. -microorganisms are responsible for breakdown of dead matter and wastes 2. Microorganisms are deeply involved in the flow of energy and food: decomposition
- 24. - microorganisms have since been used to improve life and shape civilization: **Baker’s yeast for bread **brewer’s yeast for wine and beer **In ancient Egypt, molding loaves were applied directly to wounds (Penicillin) - genetic engineering **interferon and growth hormones 3. Microorganisms are essential to many human endeavors
- 25. - bacteria are used as model organisms because a. bacteria have simple structures b. reproduce quickly 4. Microbiology provides insights into life processes in all forms of life
- 26. MICRO / BIOLOGY
- 28. CLASS POLICIES - ATTENDANCE - ASSIGNMENTS AND ASSIGNMENTS - 3 EXAMINATIONS, drop the lowest - FINAL EXAM FOR STUDENTS WITH GRADES LOWER THAN 2.5 - 55% LECTURE, 45% LABORATORY - CHEATING - CLASSROOM ETIQUETTE
- 29. CLASS POLICIES 2 Long Exams + finals** 60% Quizzes 15% Assignments 15% Class and e-class Participation 10%