MECHATRONICS UNIT I INTRODUCTION
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The document covers an introduction to mechatronics systems, highlighting their components such as sensors, actuators, control systems, and microprocessor-based controllers. It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of mechatronics, including increased productivity and design complexity, while also discussing different types of measurement and control systems. Examples of applications range from CNC machines to automatic washing machines, showcasing the integration of various technologies in modern systems.
MECHATRONICS UNIT I INTRODUCTION
- 1. SYLLABUS Introduction to Mechatronics Systems – Measurement Systems – Control Systems – Microprocessor based Controllers. Sensors and Transducers – Performance Terminology – Sensors for Displacement, Position and Proximity; Velocity, Motion, Force, Fluid Pressure, Liquid Flow, Liquid Level, Temperature, Light Sensors – Selection of Sensors MECHATRONICS, SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS
- 2. DEFINITION Mechatronics is “ the synergistic integration of mechanics and mechanical engineering, Electronics, computer technology, and IT to produce or enhance products and system”
- 4. Elements of mechatronics system Actuators and sensors Signals and conditioning Digital logic systems Software and data acquisition systems Computers and display devices
- 5. Elements of mechatronics system Actuators and sensors Actuators – pneumatic & Hydraulic actuator, electromechanical actuators, electrical motor such as DC motor, AC motor, stepper motor, servo motor & piezo electric actuators Sensors – linear and rotational sensor, acceleration sensor, force, torque and pressure sensor, temperature sensor, proximity sensors, light sensors Signals and conditioning Two types: input and output Input signal conditioning devices: discrete circuits, amplifiers, analog to digital(A/D) convertors, Digital to Analog (D/A) convertors. Output signal conditioning devices: amplifiers, Digital to Analog (D/A) convertors, display decoders (DD) convertors, power transistors.
- 6. Elements of mechatronics system Digital logic systems Logic circuits, micro controllers, programmable logic controllers(PLC), sequencing and timing controls, control algorithm. Software and data acquisition systems Data logger, computer with plug in boards Computers and display devices LED, CRT, LCD, digital displays etc.,
- 7. Examples of mechatronics systems NC and CNC machine tools, flexible manufacturing system, Prototyping & robots Photo copiers, laser printers & fax machines Automatic washing machines automatic ovens, modern sewing machine Automatic teller machine (ATM) Coin counter Automatic/digital camera, digital watch CT scan system, automatic blood testing equipment Automatic sliding door
- 8. Advantages of Mechatronics systems Cost effective and good quality products High degree of flexibility to modify or redesign Very good performance characteristics Wide area of applications Greater productivity in case of manufacturing organization Posibility or remote controlling as well as centralized monitoring and control Greater extend of machine utilization
- 9. Disadvantages of Mechatronics systems High initial cost Multi-disciplinary engineering background required to design and implementation Need of highly trained workers Complexity in identification and correction of problem in the system
- 10. Measurement system Liquid level measurement system
- 11. Control systems A control system refers to a group of physical component connected or related in such a manner as to command direct or regulate itself or another system.
- 12. Cooling level control system Steering control system of an automobile
- 13. Temperature and blood pressure control system of human body
- 14. TYPES OF CONTROL SYSTEM Open loop control system Closed loop or feedback control system
- 15. Open loop control system Open loop system are systems in which the output of a system is not used as a variable to control the system.
- 16. Element of open loop control systems Bread toaster (open loop ) control system
- 17. Closed loop control system Closed loop system uses on a feed back loop to control the operation of the system.
- 18. Room heating (Closed loop) control system
- 19. Sequential controllers A sequential control involve sequential execution of well defined operations.
- 20. Block diagram of automatic washing machine system
- 21. The working of modern automatic washing machine is Step 1 : pre-wash cycle Step 2: main wash cycle Step 3: rinse cycle Step 4: spin cycle
- 22. Microprocessor based controllers Microprocessor based controllers are called as microcontrollers. Microcontroller is a digital integrated circuit which serve as a heart of many modern control applications. Microprocessor are employed for high speed applications such as desktop and laptop computers where as the Microcontrollers are employed in automatic washing machine, dish washers, engine management systems, DVD players etc.,
- 23. Basic structure of PLC
- 24. Elements of control system for an automatic camera
- 25. Working of a four stroke SI engine
- 26. Elements of control system for an electronic engine management system