MECHATRONICS-Introduction
- 2. INTRODUCTION
- 3. INTRODUCTION 1969 -The ‘mechatronics’ word introduced by Tessturo Mori he was a senior engineer of Japanese company Yaskawa Electric Corporation. 1971 – the company was granted the trademark rights on the word. 1970- 80- mostly the servo technology is used in mechatronics 1981-90-IT introduced. Microprocessors were embedded in Mechanical system.
- 4. 1991 -2000 – Communication technology was added. Remote operation and robotics were developed . 1996 – 1st journal IEEE on mechatronics was released. After 2000, finds application in aerospace, defence, bio- mechanics, automotive electronics, banking(ATM) etc.,
- 5. DEFINITION Mechatronics is “ the synergistic integration of mechanics and mechanical engineering, Electronics, computer technology, and IT to produce or enhance products and system” MECHA- Mechanism TRONICS - Electronics
- 7. Elements of mechatronics system Actuators and sensors Signals and conditioning Digital logic systems Software and data acquisition systems Computers and display devices
- 8. Elements of mechatronics system Actuators and sensors Actuators – pneumatic & Hydraulic actuator, electromechanical actuators, electrical motor such as DC motor, AC motor, stepper motor, servo motor & piezo electric actuators Sensors – linear and rotational sensor, acceleration sensor, force, torque and pressure sensor, temperature sensor, proximity sensors, light sensors Signals and conditioning Two types: input and output Input signal conditioning devices: discrete circuits, amplifiers, analog to digital(A/D) convertors, Digital to Analog (D/A) convertors. Output signal conditioning devices: amplifiers, Digital to Analog (D/A) convertors, display decoders (DD)
- 9. Elements of mechatronics system Digital logic systems Logic circuits, micro controllers, programmable logic controllers(PLC), sequencing and timing controls, control algorithm. Software and data acquisition systems Data logger, computer with plug in boards Computers and display devices LED, CRT, LCD, digital displays etc.,
- 10. Examples of mechatronics systems NC and CNC machine tools, flexible manufacturing system, Prototyping & robots Photo copiers, laser printers & fax machines Automatic washing machines automatic ovens, modern sewing machine Automatic teller machine (ATM) Coin counter Automatic/digital camera, digital watch CT scan system, automatic blood testing equipment Automatic sliding door
- 11. Advantages of Mechatronics systems Cost effective and good quality products High degree of flexibility to modify or redesign Very good performance characteristics Wide area of applications Greater productivity in case of manufacturing organization Possibility or remote controlling as well as centralized monitoring and control Greater extend of machine utilization
- 12. Disadvantages of Mechatronics systems High initial cost Multi-disciplinary engineering background required to design and implementation Need of highly trained workers Complexity in identification and correction of problem in the system
- 13. TYPES OF CONTROL SYSTEM Open loop control system Closed loop or feedback control system
- 14. Open loop control system Open loop system are systems in which the output of a system is not used as a variable to control the system.
- 15. Element of open loop control systems Bread toaster (open loop ) control system
- 16. ADVANTAGES Its simple and cost effective construction Easy maintenance, because no complex circuits. Good stability Good reliability Response quickly No Calibration is involved More convinent
- 17. DIS-ADVANTAGES It is Less accuruate Presence of non-linearity causes malfunctining Slow because of manual control Optimisation control is not possible System affected by internal and external disturbance
- 18. Closed loop control system Closed loop system uses on a feed back loop to control the operation of the system.
- 19. Room heating (Closed loop) control system
- 20. ADVANTAGES AND DIS ADVANTAGES Appropriate sensor, greater stability. Better repetability. Task faster than open loop. Good reliability. Closed loop complicated in construction. Cost is higher. Sometimes closed loop system is unstable.
- 21. Open loop system It does not uses feedback It is less accurate It is simple in construction Presence of non-linearity causes malfunctioning The response is slow because manual control Easy maintenance because of no complex electronic circuit Cost is less Closed loop system It uses feedback system It is more accurate It is complicated in construction It perform accurately even in presence of non- linearity It perform task faster than open loop It is difficult to maintain and repair Cost is more
- 22. System
- 23. Measurement system Liquid level measurement system
- 24. AUTOMATIC Control systems A control system refers to a group of physical component connected or related in such a manner as to command direct or regulate itself or another system.
- 25. Cooling level control system Steering control system of an automobile
- 26. Temperature and blood pressure control system of human body
- 27. Automatic tank level control system
- 28. Sequential control system A sequential control involve sequential execution of well defined operations.( particular order) Each operation or activity called step.
- 29. The working of modern automatic washing machine is Step 1 : pre-wash cycle Step 2: main wash cycle Step 3: rinse cycle Step 4: spin cycle
- 30. Block diagram of automatic washing machine system
- 31. Elements of control system for an automatic camera
- 32. Concept of mechatronic approach
- 33. Emerging area of mechatronics Machine vision Automation and robotics Development of unmanned vehicles Design of subsystem for automotive engineering Sensing and control system Operation and maintenance of CNC machine Expert system and artificial intelligence Industrial electronics and consumer products Medical mechatronics and medical imaging systems Micro/nano mechatronics Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) system
- 34. Need for mechatronics Dynamic market conditions Producing next generation products Integration of modern technologies in products Variety in product ranges Batch production runs Change in design perspective Product quality and consistency Ease of reconfiguration of the process Demand for increased flexibility
- 36. Working of a four stroke SI engine
- 37. Elements of control system for an electronic engine management system