Webinar: Med Rec Quality Audit Tool
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This document introduces a new tool to assess the quality of admission medication reconciliation (MedRec) processes. The tool allows hospitals to collect patient-level data on key determinants of admission MedRec quality. It focuses on the three core steps of MedRec: collecting a best possible medication history, comparing it to admission orders, and correcting any discrepancies. The tool is designed for easy data submission and analysis through an online system. Using this tool, hospitals can identify specific areas in their MedRec processes needing improvement by quantifying how well each step is performed.
Webinar: Med Rec Quality Audit Tool
- 2. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Objectives • To briefly describe the need for improved quality of admission MedRec processes. • To introduce the use of a tool which allow teams to collect patient level data on specific admission MedRec quality determinants (for acute care and long‐term care based MedRec). • To demonstrate how this data can be easily submitted and analyzed through the Patient Safety Metrics system.
- 4. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca At the monthly management meeting of a large urban hospital, the head of patient safety announces: “We had a critical incident last week. A patient was readmitted two days after discharge with severe hypoglycemia. The treating team discharged the patient on a new insulin regimen without realizing that the patient also had insulin 30/70 at home. The patient continued to take both her previous regimen as well as the new one, and was found unresponsive by her husband. She’s in ICU and will probably have permanent neurological deficits.” After various sighs and exclamations from the executives around the table, the chief medical officer asks incredulously, “Why didn’t this get picked up by medication reconciliation?” Before anyone can answer, the executive adds: “We had that other case six months ago in which a patient was discharged without restarting his Coumadin, and he ended up having a stroke. We implemented medication reconciliation a year ago. Why is this still happening?” Reference: Fernandes et al., Healthcare Quarterly, 2012
- 6. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Quality Admission MedRec Process(es): Allows for the effective, reliable, and timely completion of each of these steps: – STEP 1‐ COLLECT Use a systematic approach/process to collect a BPMH – STEP 2‐ COMPARE Compare the BPMH (as collected) with the admission orders (to identify differences) – STEP 3‐ CORRECT As needed, resolve unaccounted for differences between the BPMH and the admission orders
- 8. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca STEP 1‐Collect A Best Possible Medication History (BPMH) is a medication history created using: 1) A systematic process of interviewing the patient or their caregiver 2) A review of at least one other reliable source of information to obtain and verify all of a patient’s medication use (prescribed and non‐prescribed) 3) Complete documentation of all the medications including name, dose, route and frequency BPMH is a snapshot of a patient’s actual medication use, which may be different than what is contained in their records!
- 9. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Quality BPMH Collection • 2012 publication from an organization who had “implemented” MedRec, compared medication histories completed in the usual process of medication reconciliation to an independent investigators compiled medication list. • Primary outcome: Percentage of medication histories accurately completed. Accuracy was defined as complete matching of medication name, dose, route and frequency of the two lists. • Secondary outcomes: Rate of Omissions, Commissions, and consistency of allergy information. Reference: Miller et al., Hosp Pharm, 2012
- 13. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca STEP 2‐ Compare • The process of comparing the BPMH to admission orders generally occurs in one of two ways/through two models: • This comparison takes place to identify differences (or discrepancies) Decision to admit BPMH Collected TIME Admission Orders Written Admission Orders Written BPMH Collected
- 14. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Challenges • Proactive model – Embeds the “compare” step into the process of writing admission orders – This allows for explicit ordering (communication) of each medication in the BPMH • Retroactive model – Perceived as “extra work” as it is not embedded into a pre‐ existing workflow – The “compare” step is more challenging in that the prescribers intentions may not be obviously stated in the admission orders/chart ECASA 325 mg po daily Metoprolol 50 mg po bid Bradycardia Admission Orders BPMH ECASA 325 mg po daily Metoprolol 50 mg po bid ECASA 325 mg po daily ?? Simvastatin 40 mg daily
- 16. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca How often are we doing everything right?
- 18. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Overview The tool: • Allows acute care and long term care organizations to qualify and quantify how they are performing the basics tenets of the admission MedRec process. Aggregated data can be helpful in identifying specific areas in need of process improvement. • Is in a format that allows for patient level data collection, completed via a retrospective chart review (i.e. time point after admission MedRec process should have taken place) • Decreases data collection/submission “burden” through use of optical marker recognition technology – Results are collated and presented within minutes in the Patient Safety Metrics System
- 19. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Use of the Tool • The sample size, sampling strategy, selection of the area to audit and the frequency of the audits are at the discretion of the end‐users. Note: SHN! recommends 10‐20 charts monthly. IHI recommends a sampling strategy of a monthly random sample of 20 patient records from patients with a minimum two day length of stay for a similar measure. • The ability to complete the tool is strongly dependant on organizational chart documentation practices specific to MedRec tasks.
- 20. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Use of the Tool • Ideally an auditor(s) should: – be someone familiar with the admission MedRec process(es), forms used and overall chart layout – not audit their own work – have some training or guidance provided (to ensure consistency in application of org‐specific criteria)
- 22. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca COLLECT CORRECTCOMPARE Components of the Tool • The remaining sections of the tool are designed to identify if specific objectives have been met at each of the 3 steps in the overall admission MedRec process. When combined, these objectives provide a sense of the overall quality of the process from start to finish.
- 23. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Step 1‐Collect Components of this section are based on key principles of collecting and documenting a BPMH including: – Medication information source utilization (C) – Patient involvement/interview to confirm actual medication use (D) – Completeness of the medication information for each medication (E)
- 24. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Medication Info Source (C) • “YES” when auditor identifies use of any one of the following sources: • Electronic provincial medication/community pharmacy record • Medication vials or pill‐packs/community pharmacy records • Patient’s own medication list (hand‐written or electronic) • Home care reconciled medication list • Previous admission records/discharge summary • Prescriber referral/consultation notes • Ambulatory clinic medication records For patients admitted directly from a setting where medications have been administered directly to the patient: • Most current Medication Administration Record (MAR) • Best Possible Medication Discharge Plan (BPMDP) • “No” when auditor does not identify use of any of these • “Unclear” if the chart documentation does not allow the auditor to respond confidently “yes/no”
- 25. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Actual Med Use/Patient or Caregiver Interview (D) • “YES” if there has been verification of medication use through patient or caregiver interview (OR if the source includes a MAR or BPMDP for those coming from structured care settings) • “NO” if there has not been verification through an interview • “Unable to perform” if the interview was not possible due to patient specific factors (e.g. non‐ verbal patient, unable to contact a caregiver) • “Unclear” if the chart documentation does not allow you to respond confidently “yes/no”
- 26. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Complete components for each medication listed in BPMH and Orders (E) • “YES” if all applicable medication order components are provided (i.e. drug name, dose ± strength, route and frequency) • “NO” if there is missing components in the medication order Note: End users may wish to code medication information listed using unapproved abbreviations as “NO”
- 28. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Compare (F) • “YES” if in the previously conducted process of comparing admission orders to BPMH (as collected), all medications are accounted for • “NO” if there are any differences that are unaccounted for between the BPMH (as collected) and the admission orders An “unaccounted‐for” difference could include the lack of: ‐an explicit admission order to either discontinue/ hold/change/continue a medication listed in the BPMH OR ‐a clear* clinical reason/documentation for the difference (e.g. stopping warfarin in a patient admitted with an acute bleed). * The definition of “clear” is at the discretion of end users and should incorporate some clinical judgement. No reference to unintentional or intentional. Quantity or type of difference is not captured.
- 29. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Rationale (G) • “YES/not applicable” if all BPMH medications that have been discontinued or held in the admission orders include documentation on a rationale for this action OR if there are no BPMH medications discontinued or held • “NO” if there are any BPMH medications that are discontinued or held in the admission orders that lack an accompanying rationale for this action • “Unclear” if the chart documentation does not allow you to respond confidently “yes/no”
- 30. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca STEP 3 ‐ Correct (H) • Auditor is looking for evidence/chart documentation that any identified differences have been resolved. •“YES” if adequate evidence (documentation such as progress note or prescriber order) is identified to support the resolution of any identified differences between the BPMH and the Admission Orders •“NO” if there are outstanding differences that do not appear to have been resolved. •“Unclear” if the chart documentation does not allow you to respond confidently “yes/no”
- 32. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca • Patient Safety Metrics - Introduction – Features – Worksheets vs. Data Collection Forms (DCF) • MedRec Quality Assessment DCF – Contact Information, Unit and Patient Sample, Date – How to fill-out the information and fax the form • Patient Safety Metrics - Demo – How to enroll in MedRec-Acute and MedRec-LTC Intervention – How to add and generate the forms – How to view data and run reports Agenda
- 33. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca Features: • Cloud-based data collection and reporting tool • Available in English and French • User friendly and simple to navigate • Accessible from website with login details • Tracks >100 process and outcome measures over 14 interventions • Provides real time reporting. • Reduces burden of data collection, entry and analysis • Roll Up or Drill Down Reports (i.e. Unit National) with automated Run Charts • Capacity to customize measures and reports Patient Safety Metrics - Introduction
- 34. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca • Measurement Worksheets – Aggregate data - monthly – Numerator and Denominator • Data Collection Forms (DCF) – Patient-level data (de-identified) - daily – Multiple data elements – Print form Collect data Fax form – Automatic roll-up to Measurement Worksheets Worksheets vs Data Collection Forms
- 36. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca • Fill in bubble completely (Sharpie is best) • Do not colour outside the line • Do not fold the form • Fax form in FINE RESOLUTION (setting on fax machine) • Do NOT use a cover sheet • No extra markings on form • To void fill in the VOID bubble • Do not spill anything on the form Data Collection Forms - BEWARE!
- 37. www.saferhealthcarenow.ca • DCF - MedRec-Acute QA - Patient Data (Form Format) – Report by individual patients (No QA score) • DCF - MedRec-Acute QA - Patient QA Score – Report by individual patients • DCF - MedRec-Acute QA - Monthly Form QA Score – Aggregate report by patient population • DCF - MedRec-Acute QA - Monthly Overall QA Score – Overall organization score Data Collection Forms - Reports 37