Mental health
- 1. Mental Health By: Wadhwani Nimarta, Mahnoor Naich, Saeeda Khoso & Tooba Noor
- 2. Mental Health • According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health is “a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”
- 3. Mental Health • Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices. • Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood. • Over the course of your life, if you experience mental health problems, your thinking, mood, and behavior could be affected.
- 4. Causes of Mental Illness Biological factors, such as genes or brain chemistry Life experiences, such as trauma or abuse Family history of mental health problems
- 5. Why we chose this issue? A BURNING ISSUE AFFECTS ALL ASPECTS OF OUR LIFE
- 6. Facts & Figures Around 20% of the world’s children and adolescents have mental disorders or problems Most low and middle income countries have only one child psychiatrist for every 1 to 4 million people In Pakistan, there is only 1 psychiatrist for 2,50000 mental patients. The total number of psychiatrist is 500 and we need 9000 psychiatrists
- 7. Facts & Figures Mental disorders increase the risk of getting ill from other diseases such as HIV, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, etc. About 800000 people commit suicide every year. Approximately, 90% of the suicide are committed by people who have mental disorders.
- 8. Types of Mental Health: MOOD DISORDER ANXIETY DISORDER PERSONALITY DISORDER IMPULSE CONTROL AND ADDICTION DISORDER
- 9. Mood Disorder: • Mood disorder are characterized by a serious change in mood that cause disruption in life. • Your general emotional state or mood is inconsistent with your circumstances and interfere with your ability to function. • Some time you feel extremely happy or some time you feel sadness. • In some cases people show its bipolar nature Neither extremely happy nor sad.
- 10. Types of Mood Disorder: Depression: (Feeling too sad and become silent) Bipolar: (neither happy nor too sad) Mania: (too much happy but dead inside)
- 11. Symptoms: DEPRESSED MOOD MOST OF THE TIME. LACK OF ENERGY OR RESTLESSNESS. LOSS OF PLEASURE IN NORMAL FUN ACTIVITIES. FEELING OF HOPELESSNESS OR WORTHLESSNESS DIFFICULT TO CONCENTRATE DISTURBANCE IN EATING AND SLEEPING SUICIDAL THOUGHTS
- 12. Anxiety Disorder: People with anxiety disorder respond to certain object and situation with fear and dread. Avoiding social situation for fear of being judged, embraced or humiliated
- 14. Personality Disorder: • A personality disorder is a way of thinking, feeling and behaving that deviates from the expectations of the culture, causes distress or problems functioning, and lasts over time. • Personality disorders are long-term patterns of behavior and inner experiences that differs significantly from what is expected.
- 15. Types of Personality Disorder: Antisocial personality disorder: a pattern of disregarding or violating the rights of others. A person with antisocial personality disorder may not conform to social norms, may repeatedly lie or deceive others, or may act impulsively. Avoidant personality disorder: a pattern of extreme shyness, feelings of inadequacy and extreme sensitivity to criticism. People with avoidant personality disorder may be unwilling to get involved with people unless they are certain of being liked, be preoccupied with being criticized or rejected, or may view themselves as not being good enough or socially inept. Borderline personality disorder: a pattern of instability in personal relationships, intense emotions, poor self-image and impulsivity. A person with borderline personality disorder may go to great lengths to avoid being abandoned, have repeated suicide attempts, display inappropriate intense anger or have ongoing feelings of emptiness. Dependent personality disorder: a pattern of needing to be taken care of and submissive and clingy behavior. People with dependent personality disorder may have difficulty making daily decisions without reassurance from others or may feel uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of fear of inability to take care of themselves.
- 16. Symptoms of personality disorder FAILURE TO SUSTAIN RELATIONSHIP. IMPULSIVE ACTION LOW TOLERANCE TO FRUSTRATION TENDENCY TO CAUSE VIOLENCE LACK OF GUILT
- 17. Impulse Control Disorder • Are psychological disorder characterized by the repeated inability to retain from performing a particular action that is harmful either for oneself or for others. • Individual fail to resist performing harmful act.
- 18. Symptoms: • Experience an impulse to pull, set fire or steal. • Look tense. • Shoe pleasure from the act • Relief from having done the act. • Sometime show guilt
- 19. Cures for Mental Illness
- 20. Mental health keeping a positive attitude staying physically active helping other people getting enough sleep eating a healthy diet asking for professional help with your mental health if you need it socializing with people whom you enjoy spending time with forming and using effective coping skills to deal with your problems
- 21. Diagnose A physical exam Lab tests A psychological evaluation Questionnaire
- 22. Treatment Medications Substance misuse treatment Psychotherapy Community support programs/supp ort group Hospitalization Brain- stimulation treatments
- 23. Medications significantly improve symptoms • Antidepressants (sadness, hopelessness, lack of energy, difficulty concentrating and lack of interest in activities) • Anti-anxiety medications (panic disorder, reduce agitation and insomnia) • Mood-stabilizing medications (bipolar disorders, mania) • Antipsychotic medications (schizophrenia)
- 24. Substance misuse treatment • substance use commonly occur along with mental illness • can't stop using drugs or alcohol on your own
- 25. Psychotherapy • Talk therapy • provided by a trained mental health professional • Psychotherapy explores thoughts, feelings, and behaviors • one-on-one, in a group or with family members.
- 26. Community support programs • Understanding and acceptance by the community. • This support may include • Information • accommodation • help with finding suitable work • training and education • psychosocial rehabilitation • mutual support groups.
- 27. Hospitalization • Severity of mental illness • immediate danger of harming yourself or someone else • 24-hour inpatient care • partial or day hospitalization
- 28. Brain-stimulation treatments • Reserved for situations in which medications and psychotherapy haven't worked. • Electroconvulsive therapy • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation • Deep brain stimulation • Vagus nerve stimulation
- 29. Electroconvulsive therapy • used in patients with severe major depression or bipolar disorder • ECT involves a brief electrical stimulation of the brain while the patient is under anesthesia. • ECT seems to cause changes in brain chemistry that can quickly reverse symptoms of certain mental health conditions.
- 30. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation • Use of magnetic field to cause electric current at a specific area of the brain through electromagnetic induction.
- 31. Deep brain stimulation • neurosurgical procedure • involves the placement of a medical device called a neurostimulator which sends electrical impulses, through implanted electrodes to specific targets in the brain
- 32. Vagus nerve stimulation • Delivers electric impulses to the left vagus nerve • Use for the types of intractable epilepsy and treatment- resistant depression
- 33. Strategies teachers can implement in schools and classrooms
- 35. Make sure teachers know how to help
- 36. TRANSFORMING STIGMA DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS CREATE SAFE SPACE
- 37. Support for all Move from reactive to proactive
- 38. Thanks