METAPHYSICS.pdf
- 2. Who is the FATHER/FOUNDER of METAPHYSICS • He is the presocratic “GREEK PHILOSPHER” • Also his works exits/survive today in fragments • He is PARMENIDES • Born in 515 BC ARISTOTLE was the founder • He was ancient Greek philosopher, Born in approximately 384BC
- 3. METAPHYSICS “ARISTOTLE” • The word metaphysics derives from the Greek “META PHYSIKA” (AFTER THE THINGS OF NATURE). • It is an expression by Hellenistic and later commentators to refer Aristotle untitled called of text. • It has been taken to mean the study of things transcending nature. • Giving a meta philosophical meaning it did not have in classical Greek • Also it began with speculations in the sixth century BCE, refers to the origin of the physical universe, the matter or stuff from which it is made, and the laws or uniformities everywhere present in nature. • With things prior and better known in themselves” to explain why treatises on first philosophy should come after the book of physics.
- 4. PARMENIDES • Typical characteristics of metaphysics as a distinct philosophical inquiry are present in, or at least suggested by, his surviving writings. • These characteristics are, first the conception of philosophy as an attempt to understand the universe by means a logical investigation that is a priori, appealing to meanings of term rather than the evidence of senses. • This method is in contrast to the method of natural science, which relies on sense perception.
- 5. What is the definition METAPHYSICS • It is a branch of philosophy concerned with nature of existence • Arguably metaphysics is the foundation of Philosophy. • Aristotle called it as “FIRST PHILOSOPHY/SOMETIMES WISDOM” • Metaphysics is a field of philosophy that is generally focused on how reality and universe began. • Metaphysics is a type of philosophy or study that uses a broad concepts to help define reality and our understanding of it. • Metaphysical studies generally seek to explain inherit or universal elements of reality which are not easily discovered or experienced in our everyday life. • It also affect our daily view.
- 6. METAPHYSICS Ultimate Beliefs Religion & Philosophy Intuition Faith Reason PHYSICS Theories & Laws Observations & Experiments Science
- 7. Best Example • The existence of UNIVERSE • Metaphysics is a study of God versus the Big Bang Theory The Big Metaphysical Question • What is our Place in the Universe? • What is consciousness? • Does the world really exits?
- 9. BRANCHES OF METAPHYSICS Metaphysics is consists of three branches. 1. Ontology – it is the study of nature of being, becoming, existence, or reality, as well as the basic categories of being and how they relate to each other - it investigates what there is *Mereotopology- deals with the relations, among wholes, parts, parts of parts, and the boundaries between parts *Meta- ontology- investigates what we are asking when we ask what there is 2. Meta metaphysics – it is concerned with the foundations of metaphysics (which is concerned primarily with the foundations of reality)
- 10. 3. Cosmology - it is a central branch that studies the origin, fundamental structure, nature, and dynamics of the universe *Physical cosmology- study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the Universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation, evolution, and ultimate fate 4. Natural Theology - the study of God including the nature of religion and the world, existence of the divine, questions about the creation and the various other religious or spiritual issues 5. Universal Science – the study of first principles of logic and reasoning such as the law of no contradiction
- 11. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF METAPHYSICS? • It provides a base for educational thought by establishing knowledge, truths and values, as ontological realities whose nature must be understood to understand its place in educational matters. • Also it is the foundation of philosophy. Without an explanation or an interpretation of the world around us, we would be helpless to deal with reality. • Without this firm foundation, all knowledge become suspect. • Any flaw in our view of reality will make it more difficult to live.
- 12. HOW CAN WE APPLY METAPHYSICS IN OUR DAILY LIFE? • We can apply it through criticizing and observing the things that surrounds us. • For it help us to gain knowledge and seek wisdom. • Applying metaphysics to your life can be as simple as daily meditation, as complex as remote viewing and influencing, and everything in between.