THE CAMERA AS A MEDIUM OF
     VISUAL EXPRESSION
TYPES OF CAMERAS & THEIR FUNCTIONS
TYPES OF CAMERAS & THEIR FUNCTIONS




          VIEW CAMERA
TYPES OF CAMERAS & THEIR FUNCTIONS




         RANGEFINDER CAMERA
TYPES OF CAMERAS & THEIR FUNCTIONS




         SINGLE LENS REFLEX
metering and exposure
metering and exposure
metering and exposure
Metering and Exposure
The four components of exposure
Metering and Exposure
The four components of exposure
        ISO setting/film speed




    (calibrates the camera’s light meter)
SHUTTER SPEED




 1sec ½ ¼ 1/8 1/15 1/30 1/60 1/125 1/250 1/500 1/1000
SHUTTER SPEEDS
1/8 1/10 1/13 1/15 1/20 1/25 1/30 1/40 1/50 1/60 1/80 1/100

1/125 1/160 1/200 1/250 1/320 1/400 1/500 1/640 1/800 1/1000
Metering and Exposure
The four components of exposure
          ISO/film speed
           shutter speed
Metering and Exposure
The four components of exposure
         ISO/film speed
          shutter speed
         f-stop/aperture
metering and exposure
Determining Exposure
Metering and Exposure
 incident and reflective light meters
Metering and meter
      incident light
                     Exposure
Metering and Exposure
incident light meters measure light falling on the subject
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
USING YOUR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES
USING YOUR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES

   PROGRAM MODE /LIMITED CREATIVE CONTROL
P = program mode
          -the camera picks both the f/stop and shutter speed
USING YOUR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES

   SEMI AUTOMATIC MODES / MORE CREATIVE CONTROL
A or AV = APERTURE priority mode
           you pick the f/stop –the camera picks the shutter speed
USING YOUR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES

   SEMI AUTOMATIC MODES / MORE CREATIVE CONTROL
A or AV = APERTURE priority mode
           you pick the f/stop –the camera picks the shutter speed
S or TV = SHUTTER priority mode
           -you pick the shutter speed –the camera picks the f/stop
USING YOUR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES

   FULL MANUAL MODE / THE MOST CREATIVE CONTROL
M = MANUAL mode
        -you pick both the f/stop & the shutter speed
USING YOUR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES

PROGRAM MODE /LIMITED CREATIVE CONTROL
P = program mode
          -the camera picks both the f/stop and shutter speed
SEMI AUTOMATIC MODES / MORE CREATIVE CONTROL
A or AV = APERTURE priority mode
           you pick the f/stop –the camera picks the shutter speed
S or TV = SHUTTER priority mode
           -you pick the shutter speed –the camera picks the f/stop
FULL MANUAL MODE / THE MOST CREATIVE CONTROL
M = MANUAL mode
        -you pick both the f/stop & the shutter speed
SLR CAMERA EXPOSURE MODE CONTROLS
Metering and Exposure
 exposure readout in your viewfinder
Metering and Exposure
exposure readout on camera top
display
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
  exposure compensation button
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Metering and Exposure
               THE F/16 RULE
On a bright sunny day, with your subject front-lit, set
the camera’s aperture to f/16. The correct shutter
speed is the speed that matches the ISO setting on your
camera.

For example: sunny day, front lit subject, camera lens is
set on f/16, camera ISO is set at 200… set your shutter
speed at 1/200th for the correct exposure.
Metering and Exposure
 your camera’s reflective light meter
Questions?

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metering and exposure