Milestones of operating systems
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The document summarizes major operating systems from the 1980s to 2000s. In the 1980s, key operating systems included DOS, Sun OS, GNU, LISA OS, and early versions of Windows. In the 1990s, Windows, Linux, and Mac OS became more prominent. Major developments included Windows 95 and 98, Linux distributions, and Mac OS 7 and 9. In the 2000s, operating systems continued to evolve with Windows XP and Vista, OS X, iOS, and the rise of Linux-based Android.
Milestones of operating systems
- 1. MILESTONES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS IN 30 YEARS OF PROGRAMMING Poyraz SAĞTEKİN Computer Engineering
- 2. OUTLINE • 1980’s • 1990’s • 2000’s • Reference List
- 3. 1980’S • DOS Family • SUN OS • GNU • LISA OS • Windows
- 4. DOS OPERATING SYSTEM • Disk Operating System • Single task • Command line • Limited ability(Text Editor, File Name Change, etc.) • IBM (PC-DOS), Microsoft (MS-DOS), Commodore (CBM DOS), Apple • Background Usage
- 5. SUN OS • Unix based • Sun Microsystems • Servers • Workstations • Graphics User Interface (GUI) • Named Solaris after 1992
- 6. GNU • Developed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) • Richard Stallman • Unix based • More reliable • Open-Source
- 7. LISA OS • Apple Inc. for Lisa Computers (1983) • Multitask • Graphical User Interface (GUI) • Virtual memory • Hierarchal File Structure • Named as MAC OS after 1984
- 8. WINDOWS • Windows 1.0 (November, 1985) • Limited graphics support • Colored interface • Tiled windows • Windows 2.0 (December, 1987) • Overlapping windows • VGA support (16 colors)
- 9. 1990’S • Windows Family • Linux • MAC OS
- 10. WINDOWS • Windows 3.x (1990) • More independent • Advanced graphics • Special fonts • Network • Increased RAM support
- 11. WINDOWS • Windows 95 • Start button • User oriented • Long filenames • 32Bit
- 12. WINDOWS • Windows 98 • Internet supported applications (Outlook, Frontpage, Microsoft Chat, Web Publishing Wizard) • Advanced driver support (Plug and Play)
- 13. LINUX • Linus Torvalds (1991) • Unix based • Free and Open Source • Multi processor support
- 14. MAC OS • System 7.x • No command line • Virtual memory support • Extension manager • Numerous included programs • Speech manager
- 15. MAC OS • MAC OS 9 • ‘‘Best Internet Operating System Ever’’ (Jobs, S., 1999) • Remote Access • Personal File Sharing • 128-bit file encryption • Support for files larger than 2 GB
- 16. 2000’S • Microsoft • Windows XP • Windows Vista • Windows 7 • Apple • OS X • iOS • Linux
- 17. MICROSOFT • Windows XP • Consumer Oriented • Product Activation • Custom themes • User switching • 64-bit support
- 18. MICROSOFT • Windows Vista & Windows 7 • Windows Aero Theme • Easy language changing • Instant search • Sidebar • Over 525 million copies (Windows 7)
- 19. APPLE • OS X • 9 releases • Visual improvements • No more Happy MAC • Additional softwares • Improved performance (Snow Leopard)
- 20. APPLE • iOS • iPhone • Computer-like cellphones • Multimedia • Consumer oriented
- 21. LINUX • Used by PCs, supercomputers, workstations etc. • Most secure operating system • Over 600 distributions with 5 main bases (Debian, Gentoo, Pacman, RPM, Slack ware) • Still free
- 22. LINUX • Android • Led by Google Inc. • Face recognition • Secure (sandbox) • Customizable
- 23. REFERENCE LIST • Wallace, J., Erickson, J. (1992). Hard Drive, John Wiley & Sons • Duncan, R. (1988). The MS-DOS Encyclopedia, Microsoft Press • Tim, Paterson. "An Inside Look at MS-DOS". Seattle Computer Products Retrieved From: http://www.patersontech.com/Dos/Byte/InsideDos.htm • Hunter, D. (1983). "The Roots of DOS". Softalk for the IBM Personal Computer Retrieved From: http://www.patersontech.com/Dos/Softalk/Softalk.html • iCon: Steve Jobs, The Greatest Second Act in the History of Business • Andy Hertzfeld (2005). "Bicycle". Revolution in the Valley. O'Reilly • Isaacson, Walter (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster • (n.a., n.d.) A History of Apple's Lisa, 1979–1986 Retrieved From: http://lowendmac.com/orchard/05/apple-lisa-history.html
- 24. REFERENCE LIST • (Free Software Foundation, n.d.) What is GNU?. The GNU Operating System. Retrieved from: http://www.gnu.org/ • Lessig, L. (2001) The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World, Random House, Inc. • Stallman, R. (1983) ‘‘new UNIX implementation’’ Retrieved From: https://groups.google.com/group/net.unix- wizards/msg/4dadd63a976019d7?pli=1 • Salus, P. (1994) A Quarter Century of Unix. Addison-Wesley • Solaris Operating System (Unix)". Operating System Documentation Project • Torvalds, L., Diamond, D. (2001). Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental Revolutionary. HarperBusiness • Santhanam, A. (2003) Towards Linux 2.6, A look into the workings of the next new kernel, IBM Global Services
- 25. REFERENCE LIST • "New Graphical Interface: Enhance Your Programs with New Windows XP Shell Features". MSDN • "Kernel Enhancements for Windows XP". Windows Hardware Developer Center (WHDC). Microsoft Corporation • "Windows XP: Kernel Improvements Create a More Robust, Powerful, and Scalable OS". MSDN Magazine • Cruz, L. (2010). "Multi-core processor and multiprocessor limit for Windows XP". Microsoft. • Anderson, A. (2005). "South Korea fines Microsoft for antitrust abuses". Ars Technica • "Apple Developer: Cocoa Overview". Apple Inc. • "X11 for Mac OS X 1.0". Apple Inc.