The document discusses Terry Eagleton and the concept of modernism, defined as an artistic and cultural movement that emerged in the early 20th century, rejecting old artistic standards. It highlights major themes of modernism, including individualism, existential questioning, and the reflection of personal issues in literature, while emphasizing the transformation and alienation experienced during this era. Additionally, it outlines various literary techniques associated with modernism, such as absurdity and intertextuality.