The document discusses writing modular stylesheets using CSS Modules. CSS Modules allow for unique class names, global scoping, and composing styles from other modules. Plugins are used to process CSS files, making class names unique and resolving asset paths. This improves modularity, durability, and portability of CSS. Alternatives to CSS Modules include inline styles, Radium, and Styled Components. The document emphasizes that with CSS Modules, the component is the unit of reusable CSS.