Module 2 kingdom monera
- 1. Biology – Module 2
- 3. Kingdom Monera As we know, there are different types of organisms living on this planet Our first exploration of the 5 Kingdoms will be with Kingdom Monera Monerans are quite enormous in number and highly diversified in their character
- 4. Kingdom Monera When you think of Bacteria – what comes to mind? Can you tell me what a Pathogen is? Pathogen = an organism that causes disease Pathogenic bacterium is a bacterium that causes disease Are all bacteria bad? What about cheese, beer, wine?
- 5. Oldest and most abundant organisms Prokaryotic “before a nucleus” Unicellular & Microscopic Undergo asexual reproduction Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms. They are the smallest, simplest organisms
- 6. There are two subkingdoms of Kingdom Monera: Archaebacteria-can live in the most extreme of environments.
- 7. Is also called the true bacteria Not classified according to shape but according to chemical composition of their cell walls and reaction to Gram stain
- 8. These bacteria live in very hot, acid habitats of 60-80 and pH 2-4, like the photo of a "Hot springs" below, the red stain on the rocks are the prokaryotic cells.
- 9. Eubacteria are more modern bacteria. Inhabit nearly every known habitat Consumers, producers, and decomposers Some cause disease but most are harmless
- 10. They are found in nearly every habitat studied, including some that no other organism is able to withstand.
- 11. Bacteria have a cell wall, a cell membrane surrounds the cell but no membrane- bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi apparatus, or ER. Some are covered by a layer of “slime” called a capsule. Some have flagella for locomotion.
- 13. 1. Cocci – spherical (coccus) 2. Bacilli – rod-shaped (bacillus) 3. Spirilla – spiral (spirillum) Next week – we will be looking for these under the microscope in Experiment 2.2
- 15. Most are heterotrophs although some are autotrophs.
- 16. The autotrophic bacteria either use chemicals as a source of energy or are photosynthetic
- 17. Some are parasites which live off a living host Leucothrix mucor
- 18. Some are saprobes, feeding off dead organisms and waste (i.e., decomposer s).
- 19. Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome attached to the inside of the plasma membrane
- 20. Prokaryotes reproduce by simply splitting in two The DNA is copied and the cell divides into two identical cells.