Module 2 Pyrolysis garbage to fuel
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This document provides an introduction to Module 2 of the LOGOS Project, which focuses on converting garbage into fuel through the process of pyrolysis. The module was created by Arfel L. Tayona and associated organizations to educate students about recycling and solid waste management. It includes an introductory message explaining the purpose and structure of the module, as well as pre-tests, lessons, activities, and post-tests to help students learn about topics like biomass, plastics, fossil fuels, and how pyrolysis can be used to convert various materials into fuel.
Module 2 Pyrolysis garbage to fuel
- 2. Recycling – LOGOS Project Module 2: Garbage to Fuel (Pyrolysis) First Edition, 2020 Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by Pro-Philippines for the LOGOS Project in Partnership with PATAS Inc. Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Pro-PH – PATAS Inc. – Better Philippines Office Address: 39# Brgy. San Pedro, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Cellphone #: 09291827362 E-mail Address: arfel.tayona@gmail.com Development Team of the Module Editor and Writer: Arfel L. Tayona Management Team: Jahziel Tyco Ferrer President - Better Philippines Regie Pasion President - LGBTBus Richard Dalida President - PATAS Inc. Bobby Olarte Chairman - ProPH Arfel Tayona Sining at Diwa
- 3. Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Module 1: Recycling on Introduction to Recycling and Solid Waste Management This module is produced, designed and developed for use for the LOGOS Project by Mr. Arfel L. Tayona. The writers meant to utilize the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social and economic constraints. This learning material hopes to guide the students in independent activities meant to be digested on their own pace. The instructor meant to espouse skills on the students namely: Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character considering the students needs and circumstances. We hope that you would guide and orient the learners on the effective use of this module. May you track the learners’ progress in finishing this module with due consideration to the conditions and need of the learner. May you encourage the student and nourish them to finish the tasks in this module with goal to learn as much as would be allowed. For the learner: Welcome to the Module 2: Recycling on Garbage to Fuel an Introduction to Pyrolysis- This module is produced and designed to help you learn and inform you in a fun and meaningful way so that you may study and enrich yourself on your own pace and time. May you enjoy and discover new thing from this material that may help you in your day to day life. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the lessons in the module Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson. Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you understand from the previous lesson. Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.
- 4. Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform. Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons. Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning competency. Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module. Ito po ang parts ng module E X P E C T A T I O N Specifically, after working on this module, we expect the student to: 1. Know what is Solid Waste and its impact to the world 2. Understand the basics of Fossil Fuel and our Dependence 3. Know what Pryolysis is 4. Be able to appreciate the benefits of Turning Waste to Useful Fuel 5. Know the basic types of Pyrolysis 6. Encourage the student to be mindful of wasting resources 7. Have a better appreciation of human impact on the world
- 5. P R E – T E S T Introductory Questions: 1. What is Fossil Fuel? 2. What is Solid Waste? 3. Where do Petroleum Come From? 4. What is Climate Change? 5. Give 3 examples of Fossil Fuel: A. B. C.
- 6. R E C A P • All human activities have some impact on our environment. o Environment Degradation o Pollution o Species Extinctions • Our environment is in a very sensitive state of balance. • Though there are a lot of natural resources in the - world, natural resources are limited and can be depleted or used up. • Non-renewable resources are natural resources that have a limited amount in the environment: o Example of non-renewable resources: ▪ Mineral Resources ▪ Fossil Fuels • Renewable resources are natural resources that gets renewed periodically in the environment • Sometimes we use up renewable resources faster than they are renewed in the environment o Example of renewable resources: ▪ Trees ▪ Water L E S S O N Waste to Energy Is the process of using waste and garbage as fuel or source of energy • Solid Waste – most solid waste can be burned and therefore can be used directly as fuel Biomass Are organic flammable waste that comes from living organisms • Animal waste like – Dung • Fruit peelings like – Banana Peels, Mango Peels • Discarded Wood
- 7. Fossil Fuels Fuel from fossils or organic waste that were deposited in the earth for millions of years. Plastics Solid polymers that comes from Fossil and Plant Resin (Sticky Gum) • Polyurethane • Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) • Styrofoam • Rubber Two Types of Solid Waste • Biomass - Can be Decomposed (breakdown by Decomposers) • Plastics – Cannot be Decomposed
- 8. Pyrolysis Is a chemical process where heat is used to breakdown complex polymers into its simpler components or raw materials • Most Biomass and Plastics are composed of very long molecules called polymers; by applying heat we break those polymers into smaller molecules that are easier to be used as fuel • Pyrolysis is used to breakdown plastic polymers into hydrocarbon fuels - Can convert plastic into petroleum Pyrolysis Process Figure 1. Molecular Process of Pyrolysis. Long molecules of plastic are breakdown to smaller molecules. Figure 2. Illustration of Industrial Pyrolysis Process.
- 9. Pyrolysis Reactor Machine were the waste material is heated for pyrolysis to take place. • Limits the entry of Oxygen in order to limit total combustion and maximize Molecular Bond Breakage Figure 3. Parts and illustration of a pyrolysis reactor Waste to Energy Benefits 1. Waste to Energy as Recycling Waste to Energy is form of recycling where we reuse waste as burnable source of energy for fuel, electricity and heating 2. Pyrolysis as Recycling Fuels and materials from pyrolysis can be reused to as raw material in the production of new plastic materials 3. Other Benefits • Recycling our waste into fuel and as energy resource reduces our need for more fossil fuel • Most waste to energy process are Carbon Neutral (meaning it does not release more carbon into the atmosphere) - there we lessen our impact on the environment as Greenhouse Gas
- 10. A C T I V I T Y Identify this thing as Biomass or Plastics 1. Wood 2. Leaves 3. Water Pipes 4. Rice 5. Paper 6. Garbage Bag 7. Dolls 8. Cloth 9. Shoes 10. Sack Can the chair you are sitting in can be used as Fuel? How about the window, blackboard, chalk, and cellphone? W R A P – U P • Waste to energy is the reuse of garbage as fuel • Biomass are flammable waste from living things • Plastics are materials made of long polymers • Fossil fuel are fuel from fossilized organic material from millions of years ago • Pyrolysis is the process of applying heat to materials to break them down to smaller molecules
- 11. • We can pyrolyze plastic, wood, organic materials and turn them into oil and petroleum • Waste to energy can reduce human impact to our environment • Waste to energy reduces our greenhouse gasses V A L U I N G Value Question 1. Why is it important that we use waste as fuel? 2. Do you think converting waste to fuel can help our country? 3. Will converting waste as fuel for electricity reduce the cost of electricity? 4. Will biofuel lower the cost of transportation?
- 12. P O S T T E S T Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of your answer for each question. 1. What are examples of biomass? a. Logs c. Wool b. Charcoal d. all of the above 2. Example of plastics. a. Rubber c. PVC b. Polyurethane d. All of the above 3. The breakdown of material with the use of heat. a. Recycling c. Pyrolysis b. Plastic d. Biomass 4. Examples of materials that can be pyrolyzed. a. Wood c. Dung b. Styrofoam d. All of the above 5. The process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into new products. a. Recycling c. Artificial b. Pollution d. Natural Resources Short Essay. Write a short concise explanation for the given question. Why should we use waste and garbage as fuel?
- 13. Mga Bumuo sa Pagsusulat ng Modyul Management Team: Jahziel Tyco Ferrer President - Better Philippines Regie Pasion President - LGBTBus Richard Dalida President - PATAS Inc. Bobby Olarte Chairman - ProPH Arfel Tayona Sining at Diwa Editor and Writer: Arfel L. Tayona Video Presenter: K E Y T O C O R R E C T I O N R E F E R E N C E S Format: Chicago Manual of Style Pretest 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Activity 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Posttest 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.