MULTIPLEXING PRESENTATION BY:MOHIT KUMAR
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The document provides an overview of multiplexing, a technique for combining multiple signals into one signal over a shared medium using a multiplexer. It outlines the two main types of multiplexing: analog (frequency division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing) and digital (time division multiplexing), along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it includes a brief assessment section with questions related to the multiplexing concepts discussed.
MULTIPLEXING PRESENTATION BY:MOHIT KUMAR
- 1. PRESENTED BY: MOHIT KUMAR
- 2. Content • What is multiplexing? • Types of multiplexing? I. Analog 1. FDM 2. WDM I. Digital 1. TDM • Synchronous TDM • Asynchronous TDM
- 3. What is multiplexing? • Process of combining multiple signals into one signal, over a shared medium. • Technique used to combine and send the multiple data streams over a single medium. • Hardware used for multiplexing is known as a multiplexer (MUX). • Multiplexing is achieved by using a device called Multiplexer (MUX) that combines ‘n’ input lines to generate a single output line. • Multiplexing follows many-to-one.
- 4. Types of Multiplexers • There are mainly two types of multiplexers , namely Analog and Digital. • The following figure gives a detailed idea about this classification:
- 5. Analog Multiplexing . The analog signals are multiplexed according to their frequency (FDM) or wavelength (WDM). FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING • This technique uses various frequencies to combine streams of data, for sending them on a communication medium, as a single signal. • FDM is a technique in which the available bandwidth of a single transmission medium is subdivided into several channels. • The main aim of the FDM is to subdivide the available bandwidth into different frequency channels and allocate them to different devices. • Using the modulation technique, the input signals are transmitted into frequency bands and then combined to form a composite signal
- 6. Application of FDM FDM is mainly used in radio broadcasts and TV networks. ADVANTAGE Of FDM: FDM process is very simple and easy modulation. A Large number of signals can be sent through an FDM simultaneously. It does not require any synchronization between sender and receiver. DISADVANTAGE OF FDM: FDM technique is used only when low-speed channels are required. It suffers the problem of crosstalk. A Large number of modulators are required. It requires a high bandwidth channel.
- 7. • Wavelength Division Multiplexing is same as FDM except that the optical signals are transmitted through the fibre optic cable. • WDM is used on fibre optics to increase the capacity of a single fibre. • It is used to utilize the high data rate capability of fibre optic cable. • Multiplexing and Demultiplexing can be achieved by using a prism. • Optical signals from different source are combined to form a wider band of light with the help of multiplexer. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
- 8. Wavelength Division Multiplexing • At the receiving end, demultiplexer separates the signals to transmit them to their respective destinations. • Prism can perform a role of multiplexer by combining the various optical signals to form a composite signal, and the composite signal is transmitted through a fibre optical cable. • Prism also performs a reverse operation, i.e., demultiplexing the signal.
- 9. Digital Multiplexing • The term digital represents the discrete bits of information. Hence, the available data is in the form of frames or packets, which are discrete. Time Division Multiplexing • In FDM Technique, all signals operate at the same time with different frequency, but in case of TDM technique, all signals operate at the same frequency with different time. • In TDM technique, the total time available in the channel is distributed among different users. • Each user is allocated with different time interval known as a Time slot at which data is to be transmitted by the sender.
- 10. Time Division Multiplexing There are two types of TDM: 1. Synchronous TDM 2. Asynchronous TDM • A user takes control of the channel for a fixed amount of time. • In Time Division Multiplexing technique, data is not transmitted simultaneously rather the data is transmitted one-by-one. • In TDM, the signal is transmitted in the form of frames. Frames contain a cycle of time slots in which each frame contains one or more slots dedicated to each user. • It can be used to multiplex both digital and analog signals but mainly used to multiplex digital signals.
- 11. ASSESSMENT 1. The sharing of a medium and its link by two or more devices is called _________ a) Fully duplexing b) Multiplexing c) Microplexing d)Duplexing 2. Multiplexing is used in _______ a) Packet switching b)Circuit switching c)Data switching d) Packet & Circuit switching 3. Which multiplexing technique used to transmit digital signals? a) FDM b)TDM c)WDM d)FDM &TDM 4. If there are n signal sources of same data rate, then the TDM link has _______ slots. a)n b)n/2 c)n*2 d) 2n 5. If link transmits 4000frames per second, and each slot has 8 bits, the transmission rate of circuit this TDM is _________
- 12. ASSIMENT