There are three main types of muscles in the body - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscles are voluntary and allow movement, while smooth and cardiac muscles are involuntary. Muscles can be flexors that bend parts of the body or extensors that straighten parts. Exercise includes resistance training that works against gravity and aerobic exercise that elevates the heart rate such as running or biking. Common muscle injuries are strains from overstretching, tears from complete separation, and tendinitis from inflammation without proper rest.