Muthuraja.ppt
- 2. What is Production management? • Production management is the process of effectively planning and regulating the operations of that part of an enterprise which is responsible for the actual transformation of materials into finished products.
- 3. 5 P`s of Production Management • 1. PRODUCTS. • 2. PLANT. • 3. PROCESS. • 4. PROGRMS. • 5. PEOPLE. • When this five element integrated a successful production management takes place.
- 4. OBJECTIVE OF PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT • 1. RIGHT QUALITY. • 2. RIGHT QUANTITY. • 3. PREDETERMINED TIME. • 4. PRE-ESTABLISHED COST. • Other objectives are : • 1. Machinery and Equipment. • 2. Materials. • 3. Manpower. • 4. Supporting Service.
- 5. SCOPE & ACTIVITIES OF PM • There are two types of scope & activities of PM : • 1. Strategic level. • (a) Design & development of new product. • (b) Process design & Planning • (c) Facilities location & layout planning • (d) Design of material handling • (e) Capacity planning • 2. Operational level. • (a) Production Planning • (b) Production Planning • (c) Inventory Control • (d) Product maintenance & replacement • (e) Cost Control & Cost Reduction
- 6. PRODUCTION PLANNING & CONTROL (PPC) • PPC is the powerful tool available to the mgmt to achieve the stated objective. Production planning starts with the analysis of data like demand & delivery schedule etc & the basis of information available and resources like machine, material & men. • So, PPC is the process of directing & coordinating of firms resources towards attaining prefixed goal.
- 7. FUNCTIONS OF PPC • 1. Material Function • 2. Machine & Equipment • 3. Methods • 4. Routing • 5. Estimating • 6. Scheduling • 7. Dispatching • 8. Expediting • 9. Inspection • 10.Evaluation
- 8. TYPES OF PRODUCTION • 1. BATCH PRODUCTION • 2. MASS & FLOW PRODUCTION • 3. PROCESS PRODUCTION • 4. PROJECT PRODUCTION • 5. JOBBING PRODUCTION
- 9. BATCH PRODUCTION • Batch production is the manufacturing of limited number of product produced at regular intervals & stocked in warehouse as finished goods. • Eg. Chemical , paint & motor vehicles etc.
- 10. CHARACTARISTIC OF BATCH PRODUCTION • 1. Short Run. • 2. Skilled labours in specific trades • 3. Limited span of control • 4. General purpose machine and process type layout • 5. Manual material handling • 6. Manufacturing cycle time affected due to queues • 7. Large WIP • 8. Flexible production schedule • 9. Need to have PPC.
- 11. JOBBING PRODUCTION • Jobbing production is characterized by the manufacture of one or few number of a single product designed and manufactured strictly to customer’s specifications within the given period and within the price fixed prior to the contract. • Eg: general repair shop, tailoring shops.
- 12. CHARACTARITIC OF JOBBING PRODUCTION • 1. Small production runs. • 2. Discontinuous flow of materials. • 3. Not proportionate manufacture cycle time. • 4. Highly skilled labour. • 5. Highly competent knowledgeable supervision. • 6. Large WIP. • 7. Limited function of PPC.
- 13. PROJECT PRODUCTION • Project production is characterized by complex sets of activities that must be performed in a particular order within the estimated expenditure. • Eg: construction of Roads, Buildings etc.
- 14. CHARACTARITIC OF PROJECT PRODUCTION • 1. Definite beginning & definite end. • 2. Non uniform requirement of resources. • 3. Involvement of different agencies. • 4. Fixed position layout. • 5. High cost overrun. • 6. Scheduling & control.
- 15. MASS & FLOW PRODUCTION • Mass as well as flow production are characterized by the manufacturer of several number of a std product and stocked in the warehouses as finished goods awaiting sales. The goods under mass production are manufactured either at a single operation or a series of operation on one machine. • Eg: Assembly shop of automobiles, radios, electric fans.
- 16. CHARACTARITIC OF MASS & FLOW PRODUCTION • 1. Continuous flow of material. • 2. Special purpose m/c and product type layout. • 3. Mechanized material handling. • 4. Low skilled labour. • 5. Short manufacturing cycle time. • 6. Easy supervision. • 7. Limited WIP.
- 17. PROCESS PRODUCTION • Process production is characterized by the manufacture of single product produced and stocked in the warehouses awaiting sales. • Eg: Sugar, Steel, Paper, Cement plants.
- 18. CHARACTARITIC OF PROCESS PRODUCTION • 1. Special purpose m/c with built in control. • 2. Highly mechanized material building. • 3. Virtually zero manufacturing time. • 4. Low skilled labor. • 5. Highly qualified supervisors. • 6. Negligible WIP. • 7. Limited PPC.
- 19. WHAT IS PRODUCTIVITY ? • Productivity is the quantitative relation between what we produce and what we use as a source of produce them. So, Productivity is the arithmetic ratio of output to the amount of input. • PRODUCTIVITY = Output / Input. • Productivity refers to the efficiency of the production system.
- 20. PRODUCTIVITY MEASURES • 1. PARTIAL PRODUCTIVITY MEASURE (PPM) • PARTIAL PRODUCTIVITY= Total output / individual input. • (a) Labor Productivity=Total o/p / Labor input • (b) Capital Productivity = Total o/p / Material input • (c) Material Productivity = Total o/p / Capital input • (d) Energy Productivity = Total o/p / Energy input. • 2. TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY MEASURE (TPM) • = Total tangible o/p / Total tangible i/p • Tangible o/p= Value of FG & Partial units produced, dividend from securities, interest, other incomes • Tangible i/p = Value of ( human , material, capital, other inputs)
- 21. FACTORS EFFECTING PRODUCTIVITY • 1. PRODUCT. • 2. PLANT &EQUIPMENT. • 3. TECHNOLOGY. • 4. MATERIAL & ENERGY. • 5. HUMAN FACTOR. • 6. WORK METHOD. • 7. MANAGEMENT STYLE.
- 22. PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES • 1. TECHNOLOGY BASED • 2. EMPLOYEE BASED.’ • 3. MATERIAL BASED. • 4. PROCESS BASED. • 5. PRODUCT BASED. • 6. MANAGEMENT BASED.