My researchgate q&a

Questions and answers provided by Chandima Gunasena to the Researchgate
Question posted by me February 9, 2014
Can anyone define human habitat?
Answered by me
Human habitat by Chandima Gunasena
Humans are very keen on habitats of other living beings and health of eco systems. But they do not pay
enough attention to their own habitats. Simple comparison shows this contrasting issue. Let us take
honey bee as an example with respect to the basic needs of a living being namely, food, shelter and
medicine. Honey bees, collects food from the environment and they do not add chemicals or fertilizers,
to increase the flower yield, do not use genetic engineering principles to increase the honey yield.
Instead they produce nectar, which is a universal medicine and a healthy food for them and others who
need. Habitant of a honey bee could be easily defined. Within that environmental limits they live
collectively and happily. They do not have individual food supplies and produce food collectively. Human
habitat and its environmental limits cannot defined precisely. Simply it can be define places where
humans live. Are these places environment friendly? Are they use the habitat as a source of food or
place for shelter? This is one of the ridicules thing which could be observed in this beautiful planet. They
clear the natural forest cover and build permanent control structures to keep away from the nature and
grow inedible plants within the vicinity and they call it as homes. This could be identified as individual
destruction of the nature. They allow somebody else to produce food for them and they buy foods from
those producers. Therefore, food become an industry. Since everybody need foods producers clear the
natural forest and remove the top organic layer and the natural soil to grow few selected crops as foods.
They use heavy machinery to do this and increase the carbon foot print. They ignore the consequence of
having mono cropping and the destruction of bio diversity. Since those fields remove lots of nutrients
they add fertilizer and use chemicals to control other living beings identified as pests with increment of
population density and they identify this process as AGRICULTUR. These chemicals pollutes surface and
ground water resources and they identify these as ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. They clear the natural
forests in highlands for their so called habitats and agricultural purposes and they complain about
CLIMATE CHANGE, diminishing of water resources and pollution of ground water. The funniest thing is
that they follow some methods and procedures to study about these problems and identified as
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. They justify their results using statistics identifying unexplainable
natural variation (under rich bio diversity) as an experimental errors and they minimize this error by
ignoring the bio diversity. They do not consider the consumption pattern which is mainly depend on
few selected edible plant varieties. Hundreds of other plants in the environment is totally neglected.
This could be identified as the collective destruction as a one living being performing for their existence.
They genetically modify plants and try to improve the harvest in those few verities and forget the bio
diversity and nutrient rich environment which could be build up at home garden level. They build up
philosophies and theories to support this human model which is now could be identified as a failure.
Even though they have same genotype, they tend to behave based on the phenotype. In order to

control this whole jumble they develop administration and political ideologies and drag the same human
development model along the time line. They do not like to change the way of using natural resources
for their own benefits. They identify their biological design as an incomplete design where it gets
deteriorated with time and confront frequent malfunctioning due to many reasons identified as
diseases. Some extra ordinary people identified as religious leaders observed certain continuation of this
biological body in many forms after death, have recommended procedures to discontinue the suffering
due to deterioration and diseases. Most of the humans do not follow this procedures and they chant the
procedure and beg better living standards and healthy life from their religious leaders having this
incomplete human design as a biological body and practicing individual and collective environmental
destruction. This is the real viscous cycle which should be addressed in totally different philosophical
platform.
Can anyone define human habitat? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Can_anyone_define_human_habitat [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
1.
Question by Abhijit Mitra , University of Calcutta,
Are we destroying our birth place and its resources?
My Answer
Homo sapience is just another species living in this planet. There are many other species. They are all
hungry and they get their foods from the same ecosystem without polluting it and destroying the
natural balance. If you calculate how many kilo grams of fresh food stuff converted to energy per day
will understand the amount of we convert as human beings. Therefore, hungry is not the issue, the way
we use our ecosystem to feed ourselves is the problem. I am sure we are from another world and
exploiting this planet which belongs to other living beings in this beautiful drop of life of the universe
living harmony with the nature.
Are we destroying our birth place and its resources? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Are_we_destroying_our_birth_place_and_its_resources [accessed
Jul 9, 2015].
2.
Question by Eraldo Banovac, Croatian Energy Regulatory Agency , Do you think that the contribution of
the first author of a scientific paper should be evaluated more than coauthors' contributions?
May Answer
That is depend on the contribution. Some scientists allow junior scientists to become first authors in
their collaborative research. This is to encourage juniors and help them to take responsibilities. This

collaboration will build up a better research and development environment in any organization. Further
to that junior scientists will know how to handle intellectual properties ethically when they become
seniors.
Do you think that the contribution of the first author of a scientific paper should be evaluated more than
coauthors' contributions? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Do_you_think_that_the_contribution_of_the_first_author_of_a_sc
ientific_paper_should_be_evaluated_more_than_coauthors_contributions/4 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
3.
Question by Sudev Naduvath, Vidya Academy of Science & Technology, Is the current education system
not good enough to impart progressive thoughts, values and culture to our society?
My Answer
If progressive thoughts generated by our education system are positively contributed to the
development model we must not confronted with climate change and global warming. Progressive
thoughts are drifting away from the nature. Our value systems are also support to neglect natural
balance of ecosystems and their services. As an example we tend to add higher social values to our
home gardens by increasing the number of invasive plants considering only the beauty of it and neglect
biodiversity. Consumerism has become the culture and education system is supporting it by directing
research and development work to support the consumerism not the nature and natural balance. We as
human beings gradually drifting away from the nature compared to other living beings. Even though we
believe our progressive thoughts we are unable to define human habitat and its sustainability.
Is the current education system not good enough to impart progressive thoughts, values and culture to
our society? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_the_current_education_system_not_good_enough_to_impart_p
rogressive_thoughts_values_and_culture_to_our_society [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
4.
Question by Eraldo Banovac, Croatian Energy Regulatory Agency, Do you know a reliable way of creating
a successful career for young researchers?
My Answer

Young researcher starts his or her research during the childhood. Child must train to ask questions form
their elders about the nature. If a child is more close to nature and able to get first hand experience
about it will become a good young researcher.
Do you know a reliable way of creating a successful career for young researchers? - ResearchGate.
Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Do_you_know_a_reliable_way_of_creating_a_successful_career_f
or_young_researchers/5 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
5.
Question by Fadel Djamel, Université Mohamed Chérif Messaadia de Souk-Ahras, What do you think of
the death penalty. Are you for or against and to say why?
My Answer
Death Penalty could be justified if present human development model is hundred percent accurate. I
found lots of mismatches with respect to the nature.
Humans are natural creations. Hence, with a wrong development model going against the natural laws,
humans do not have right to execute others.
What do you think of the death penalty. Are you for or against and to say why? - ResearchGate.
Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_do_you_think_of_the_death_penalty_Are_you_for_or_agai
nst_and_to_say_why/3 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
6.
Question by Roland Iosif Moraru, University of Petrosani, How Scientists Can Believe in God?
My Answer
If scientists could find god within them selves by shedding greed, anger and hate, They can synchronize
their mind set with god. There is no any other equation to find god and the functionality of god.
How Scientists Can Believe in God? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_Scientists_Can_Believe_in_God/5 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].

7.
Question by M Ramachandra Mohan, Bangalore University, In what way does animal ethics differ from
human ethics?
My Answer
Animals do not disturb the natural balance of eco systems and we use animals for various experiments.
But they do not complain about it and that may be their ethics. We as humans disturb natural balance
while we are accessing eco system services for our existence and we talk about natural balance
sustainability and eco system resilience and we are talking about animal ethics. That may be our part of
ethics.
In what way does animal ethics differ from human ethics? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/In_what_way_does_animal_ethics_differ_from_human_ethics/51
[accessed Jul 9, 2015].
8.
Question by Shafagat Mahmudova , Institute of Information Technology, Our great poet Nasimi said:
Placed me two world, and I did not place one world. Do you think science can explain this opinion?
My answer
It is a kind of philosophical as well as a religious poet. We have to world every where in this world. That
is positivity and negativity, or good and bad, tall and short, black and white etc. This duality provides us
opportunities to formulate research hypothesis and we test them to find the truth in relation to this
duality. But the absolute truth is always zero because all plus will have negatives. Perhaps great poet
Nasimi understood this and tried to find the absolute truth. When he was born to this world he was
placed in this two world or the duality. Perhaps we was able to find the absolute truth without accessing
these two ends. That may highlighted in the next part "I did not place one world" He has found the
correct path to visualize the absolute truth or zero without seeing positive and negative ends. That is not
the science and it is the middle path or without going to two ends he may have analyzed the world
another way.
Our great poet Nasimi said: Placed me two world, and I did not place one world. Do you think science
can explain this opinion? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Our_great_poet_Nasimi_said_Placed_me_two_world_and_I_did_n
ot_placeone_world_Do_you_think_science_can_explain_this_opinion/1 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
9.
Question by Shafagat Mahmudova, Institute of Information Technology, The people living on the Earth
of independent religions, the languages, what properties finds for dialogue?

My Answer
We have common factors and majority do not want to discuss those factors on a common platform.
Leaders or rulers, religious leaders at present and journalists do not create opportunities to understand
these common factors. We find differences to be apart.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0ByGb8LNu1IpqZnJkYlU1dW5NWk0/view?usp=sharing
The people living on the Earth of independent religions, the languages, what properties finds for
dialogue? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/The_people_living_on_the_Earth_of_independent_religions_the_l
anguages_what_properties_finds_for_dialogue [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
10.
Question by Abhijit Mitra, University of Calcutta, Which is the priority in the scientific domain; modern
sophisticated instruments or motivation or intelligence?
My Answer
It is a very interesting question. We have been developing scientific theories, ideologies and
experimental methodologies to test those theories and ideologies. Now we are conquering outer space
and confronted climatic change and global warming. I have a question to ask. Do we have acceptable
scientific domain? I feel we do not have such a domain. The way we negotiate with the nature is totally
different from other living beings in this planet. Therefore, we talk about ecological foot prints, carbon
foot prints, water foot prints and many more foot prints yet to come. This is mainly due to drastic
incompatibilities of sharing and utilizing ecosystem services compared to other living beings. First we
must define human habitat and we need to know our environmental limits and the ways and means to
access ecosystem services to survive in this planet. Then motivation and intelligence will help to re
define the scientific domain. This will happen in future.
Which is the priority in the scientific domain; modern sophisticated instruments or motivation or
intelligence? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Which_is_the_priority_in_the_scientific_domain_modern_sophisti
cated_instruments_or_motivation_or_intelligence [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
11.
Question by Eraldo Banovac, Croatian Energy Regulatory Agency, Do great scientists communicate with
the real world successfully?
My Answer

Dear Sir What is understood others as real world is not real for me and I always wanted to see the real
world but still I am unable to. I try to think rationally therefore, I have confident to analyze a situation
and communicate with others. Other great scientist may also have such qualities depending their own
cognitive power. Therefore, I believe that great scientists could be good communicators.
Do great scientists communicate with the real world successfully? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Do_great_scientists_communicate_with_the_real_world_successfu
lly/7 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
One reply by Costas Drossos, University of Patras,
Dear Chandima,
"Real world" is the "thing" you get by your perception, i.e. using your senses. Like Phenomenology,
"(a) Phenomenology is a method that presumes to be absolutely
presuppositionless.
(b) Phenomenology analyzes data and does not speculate
about world-hypotheses.
(c) Phenomenology is descriptive, and thus leads to specific
and cumulative results, as is the case with scientific researches;
phenomenology does not make inferences, nor does it lead to
metaphysical theories.
(d) Phenomenology is an empiricism more adequate than that
of Locke, more skeptical than that of Hume, and more radical
than that of William James"
"To accept Husserl's analyses we must grant that vague experiences
are legitimate objects of philosophic scrutiny. We cannot
restrict our efforts to the simple, the clear, and the distinct. For
example, the structures of experience that are analyzed under
"ego," "intersubjectivity," "horizons," "transcendental subjectivity,"
"Lebenswelt," "intentionality," and the like, are neither

clear, simple, nor distinct. Quite to the contrary, the analysandum
consists of obscure, fuzzy, and cloudy clusters of experience."
Because of the above, even if your "world" is different than mine at the limit we add up with the same
picture.
My Reply to that
Dear Sir Costas Drossos
First time I came to know about this Phenomenology and basically it has three assumptions
It rejects the concept of objective research, and believes that analyzing daily human behavior can
provide one with a greater understanding of nature. Thirdly, it identifies the importance of
understanding persons, not as individuals but through the unique ways they reflect the society they live
in. Fourth, phenomenologists prefer to gather “capta,” or conscious experience, rather than traditional
data. Finally, phenomenology is oriented on discovery, and therefore phenomenologists gather research
using methods that are far less restricting than in other sciences.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenology_(philosophy)
Therefore, fair judgments, managing perceptions, and emotions could be easily achieved. I am fully
agreed with this level of consciousness and I am quoting a statement made by Albert Einstein. According
to him “Problem cannot be solved with the same level of mindset that it was created” and this is go
parallel with the third objective of the Phenomenology.
Dear Sir still I have a question about our sensors, we have five sensors given to observe the nature and
those sensors have their own limitations. What I see is within the visible range of the spectrum of the
light. But some other animals can see the world using infrared rays. This is similar to other sensors. With
these limitations we see the world and outer space. We use equipment to extend our five sensors but
not beyond that. Further to this, there may be other life forms having different methods to sense the
nature and they may experience another reality.
According to the forth objective of the Phenomenology, phenomenologists gather conscious experience.
It is about our thinking process. Now let me discuss about what I understood about our thinking process.
Let us take an example for this. When it is raining over the surface of a water body (Reservoir) we can
see the agitation occurring due to the impact of rain drops over the surface. Because of these impacts
surface of the water body agitates every moment. Our mind has similar behavior. Always mind is
agitated by various thoughts and our actions are totally governed by these agitations caused due to
greed anger and ignorance. We came to this planet to understand this agitation and its continuation life

after life. But we do not have time to do this where we have thousands of other works to do guided by
our five sensory organs and these organs are fuelling this agitation forever.
Since it is an agitation it generates certain mind energy having unique frequency and this frequency is
defined by ourselves with our own effort and some times control artists who can program minds of
others. This mind energy is having a unique frequency, which has enough energy to change the
chromosome arrangement during cell division at zygote level. Therefore, that frequency of that
particular mind set starts to continue another circle of life. Your next body confirmation is totally
depend on your mind energy you release when you die and it is depend on how you manage it today.
(This part is from a discussion had long time back with one good gentleman named Ranjith Hidurangala
form Boralesgamuwa area in Sri Lanka and he got this from honorable E.W. Adikaram a grate thinker
lived in Sri Lanka.
This is the real mind of a person who ever in a society and even this may be true for a phenomenologist.
Society itself creates problems and solutions within this pool of thoughts. If somebody can find a way to
stop this agitation and definitely he or she could see the pool of thoughts and how it plays within
individuals. But without stopping your agitation and try to figure out the oscillation of another
individual could be another trial and error experiment.
Further to this if someone can change the frequency of his or her own oscillation which is needed to re
arrange the chromosomes of a zygote. Then his or her frequency will not access any form of another
biological body to continue this life after life cycle.
12.
Question by Shankhadeep Chakraborty, Techno India, How do you judge quality status of persons
around you?
My Answer
I Judge my self and surrounding environment adjust accordingly.
13.
Question by Mubashir Hussain, Directorate of Water Management Gilgit-Baltistan, What are the basic
parameters to asses the analysis of watershed ecosystems in specific regions?
My Answer
What I suggest is to have a manageable environmental unit or a boundary first. this is depend on your
budget, available other resources and time.

To do this you need spatial data (shape file of the area, DEM file, and stream shape file) and try to
delineate the watershed or the ecosystem using ArcGIS software.
In this you must install Arc Hydrology tool. This will help you to process terrain, catchment, flow
accumulation, catchment polygons, drainage points etc. Then you know your manageable boundary of
your study. Therefore, you can plan your study according to your requirements with a field survey to get
data (Flora, fauna, stream network, ground water, human intervention, eco system services and goods,
necessary for your study.
This will help you to find out a way to improve the resilience of your ecosystem as an outcome of you
research study.
What are the basic parameters to asses the analysis of watershed ecosystems in specific regions? -
ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_are_the_basic_parameters_to_asses_the_analysis_of_water
shed_ecosystems_in_specific_regions [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
14.
Question by Thomas Cantu, our3duniverse.com/theinteractionsbook.com, How do the Natural Laws
differ in the various levels of structure, in comparison to the world around us?
My Answer
My answer may be little different form the main scientific frame. By controlling laws of conservation,
mechanics and motion, humans achieved so called development. Now science itself identifies this
achievement as a catastrophe or uncontrolled extraction of natural eco system goods and services.
Laws of conservation, mechanics and motion are relative to our five sensory organs. Therefore, what
ever we experience as natural laws in the nature are limited to our five sensory organs. What ever the
machinery, equipment and technological processes developed have their own limitations. They have
been developed within the limitations of our own sensory organs.
Again we have sixth sense that is called mind and we do not have much equipment to study or to use
the power of our mind. At the same time there is a natural low which is beyond our control. That is the
change of all physical objects including our bodies. Form the first cell or the zygote all living beings
experience the degradation or unstoppable change and ultimately perish unconditionally.
We have to find a way to re connect the mid energy with the nature and need to re define the human
development model where we can extract eco system goods and services more sustainably to have
better world around us.
How do the Natural Laws differ in the various levels of structure, in comparison to the world around us?
- ResearchGate. Available from:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_do_the_Natural_Laws_differ_in_the_various_levels_of_struc
ture_in_comparison_to_the_world_around_us/3 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
15.
Question by Marwan M. Obeidat, Hashemite University, What movie (or fiction) character are you?
My Answer
An alien in the planet earth who develop technologies to survive under the natural environmental
conditions ignoring the eco system balance while trying to go back to where I came with an old UFO.
What movie (or fiction) character are you? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_movie_or_fiction_character_are_you/2 [accessed Jul 9,
2015].
16.
Question by Mohamed Dallel, University of Tunis El Manar, What is better memories of the college or
the memories of the faculty?
My Answer
Memories are memories and we are adding those stuff daily to our memory bank Our relatives, friends,
neighbors, society, social groups also add memories. If you can analyze memories and how those
memories color your present moment, and how they carry you forward, you can find exact yourself
among those memories. Therefore, memories of college as well as faculty equally contribute to
understand good and bad about myself. If you can find a technique to play with your memory bank
without being attached or detached, and consider memories as only experiences, you will have enough
energy to continue work in hand with that experience at this moment and you will have ample time to
relax and enjoy the present moment.
What is better memories of the college or the memories of the faculty? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/what_is_better_memories_of_the_college_or_the_memories_of_t
he_faculty/1 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
17.
Question by Sufia Zaman, University of Calcutta, How can we link Science, Philosophy and History
together?
My Answer

History was a trial and error. Philosophy theorized trial and errors and science experimented the
philosophy and continue just for the sake of mankind, leaving hazardous foot prints, putting all living
beings on an environmental chaos, with out knowing the limits of human habitat.
How can we link Science, Philosophy and History together? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_can_we_link_Science_Philosophy_and_History_together/1
[accessed Jul 9, 2015].
18.
Question by Ayman Hefnawi , Abu Dhabi Education Council, What is your motto? why?
My Answer
Allow living beings to survive and exploit natural resources sustainably with high tech methods.
19.
Question by Hatef Farshi , Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Would you like to be a professional engineer
or scientific researcher?
My Answer
I would like to be a habitat engineer who has capacities to re define human habitat considering the eco
system services and finding ways and means to improve the eco system resilience. Hence more inclined
to scientific researcher.
Would you like to be a professional engineer or scientific researcher? - ResearchGate. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Would_you_like_to_be_a_professional_engineer_or_scientific_res
earcher/5 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
20.
Question by Marwan M. Obeidat, Hashemite University, If a movie title about your life is ever needed,
what would you choose it to be?
My Answer
Human habitat and myself
http://breakfreewithnature.loomhost.com/
21.

Question by Ting Fa Margherita Chang, University of Udine, Can the perception of generosity be
increased by bragging about prosocial behavior?
What do you think about this dilemma?
1- How do you judge those who boasts?
2- Do you boast yourself?
3- What do you boast about?
4- In what contexts do you boast more (in the family, with friends, at work, with strangers etc. ) ?
5- What are the limits of decency and good taste of these behaviors even in the context of advertising
for the marketing of the products?
Can the perception of generosity be increased by bragging about prosocial behavior? - ResearchGate.
Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Can_the_perception_of_generosity_be_increased_by_bragging_ab
out_prosocial_behavior/7 [accessed Jul 9, 2015].
My Answer
Yes it is good to have a discussion. Researchgate is a kind of a place for boosting and it helps to build up
your generosity. A braggart may have this dilemma, where he or she needs bragging about his or her
prosocial behavior who receive penalties instead rewards. I also brag some times and it must be a
natural human behavior. Even though article highlights bragging as a selfish motive some times it could
be a positive motive when social groups try to bully somebody to turn down upon his or her own skills or
talents. 1- How do you judge those who boasts? If somebody is boosting and asking constructive
criticism I would like it and if the approach is different must discourage for his or her own benefit to
understand his or her own mental disorders. 2- Do you boast yourself? Yes I do some times for my own
benefit. 3- What do you boast about? I boost about my work, my achievements as well as my losses. 4-
In what contexts do you boast more (in the family, with friends, at work, with strangers etc. ) ?I do boost
for several reasons with my family and colleagues but not with strangers, not just to get the recognition
but to have constructive criticism to improve my work. 5- What are the limits of decency and good taste
of these behaviors even in the context of advertising for the marketing of the products? Personally,
some times when others boost we can read our own minds, identify our mental disorders and will help
us to improve ourselves.When you concern about marketing products, cigarettes and alcohol beverages
may ignite this dilemma
Available from:

One Reply Marcel M. Lambrechts , Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France
Dear Chandima,
I support your idea about green cities and desert water!
How will water/salt be transported in an environmental friendly way?
Available from:
My answer to that reply
Thank you for your kind attention. My first attempt was to construct concrete canals. This may not
possible with sand storms.
There are two approaches which could eliminate that problem. One is to use solar evaporators to
evaporate certain percentage of water form the sea water and recharge in to an artificial aquifer under
the sand. In the long run with the rain water we can build up a large artificial aquifer in the desert. Later
with soil conditioning we could create an oasis in that area.
Second option is to create a surface in a large open space to have natural evaporation. This will help to
increase the moisture content in the local atmosphere leading to localized rainfalls. In here we have to
construct a very large concrete ball. Then sea water has to pour on top of it like a shower using solar
powered water pumps. This part is in open space and even sand get deposited will wash down with the
water shower. We have to construct an underground water collector to collect water coming over the
surface of the concrete ball as a surface runoff. Flow rates and the discharge from the shower have to
adjust according to pre determined salt concentration to avoid production of salt on the surface of the
concrete ball.
To implement these two activities we must have an environmental friendly way of transporting sea
water to evaporators and near to the concrete ball. We need to have environmentally friendly way of re
directing sea water having high salt content back to the sea.
I am suggesting a line of concrete hume pipes for this transportation. This is my imagination. If you like
it, please develop it. I just wanted to convert desert areas to habitable livelihoods.
Available from:

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