Nash. elements and principles of design.new and improved
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The document provides an educational guide on the elements of art and principles of design for students, detailing various line types, shapes, forms, textures, color schemes, and spatial concepts. It includes definitions and examples for each concept, alongside prompts for students to draw and apply their understanding. Additionally, it emphasizes techniques and visual elements that contribute to composition and artistic expression.
Nash. elements and principles of design.new and improved
- 1. Elements of ArtElements of Art & Principles of& Principles of DesignDesign A slide show for students to use to learn about theA slide show for students to use to learn about the Elements of Art and the Principles of DesignElements of Art and the Principles of Design
- 2. LineLine““is a dot that took a walk.”is a dot that took a walk.”
- 3. Gesture LinesGesture Lines““quick, almost scribblyquick, almost scribbly line drawing thatline drawing that captures action orcaptures action or movement, sometimesmovement, sometimes done in charcoal as adone in charcoal as a preliminary sketch for apreliminary sketch for a painting or more finishedpainting or more finished drawing.”drawing.” Draw a gesture drawingDraw a gesture drawing below your definition.below your definition.
- 4. Hatching LinesHatching Lines ““are a series of parallelare a series of parallel lines varying degreeslines varying degrees apart that can also createapart that can also create value.”value.” Draw an object withDraw an object with hatching lines below yourhatching lines below your definition.definition.
- 5. Crosshatching LinesCrosshatching Lines ““are sets of hatchingare sets of hatching lines that cross eachlines that cross each other, and also can createother, and also can create value.”value.” DDraw an objectraw an object using crosshatching linesusing crosshatching lines..
- 6. Contour LinesContour Lines““are lines that surroundare lines that surround and define the edges of aand define the edges of a subject, giving it shapesubject, giving it shape and volume.”and volume.” Draw an objectDraw an object using contour linesusing contour lines underneath yourunderneath your definition.definition.
- 7. Blind Contour LinesBlind Contour Lines ““is a contour lineis a contour line drawing where youdrawing where you ONLY look at yourONLY look at your subject, NOT yoursubject, NOT your paper.”paper.” Take 5 minutes toTake 5 minutes to draw your hands usingdraw your hands using blind contour lineblind contour line technique underneathtechnique underneath your definitionyour definition..
- 8. TextureTexture ““is how something feels when touched, or how itis how something feels when touched, or how it looks like it would feel if touched.”looks like it would feel if touched.”
- 9. Actual TextureActual Texture Lobi Jar with Lid 20th century Ceramic The Minneapolis Institute of Arts “ is the way a surface actually feels when you touch it, such as the roughness of the bark on a tree.” Glue something from the box underneath your definition for touching.
- 10. Simulated TextureSimulated Texture ““is how something looksis how something looks like it would feel iflike it would feel if touched.touched.”” Draw simulatedDraw simulated textures underneath yourtextures underneath your definitiondefinition.. Juan Sanchez Cotan, Still Life with Quince, Cabbage, Melon, and Cucumber, 1600, Oil Touching a photograph.
- 11. ShapeShape ““is an enclosed 2-dimensional areais an enclosed 2-dimensional area measured with height and width.measured with height and width. ThereThere are two different types of shapes,are two different types of shapes, geometric and organic.”geometric and organic.” Composition VIII, 1923
- 12. Geometric ShapeGeometric Shape ““is a shape with a mathematical design. They tendis a shape with a mathematical design. They tend to be exact and are typically made with straight linesto be exact and are typically made with straight lines (except for circles and ovals).”(except for circles and ovals).” Draw examples of geometric shapes underneathDraw examples of geometric shapes underneath your definitionyour definition.. Piet Mondrian, (Dutch) 1872-1944, Boogie- Woogie, 1942-43. Oil on canvas, 50 x 50" (127 x 127 cm) . The Museum of Modern Art, New York.
- 13. Organic ShapeOrganic Shape ““is a shape with natural free flowing characteristics.is a shape with natural free flowing characteristics. They tend to be found in nature.”They tend to be found in nature.” Draw examples of organic shapes underneathDraw examples of organic shapes underneath your definition.your definition. Joan Miro (Spanish) 1893- 1983, The Policeman, Oil on canvas,1925, 248 x 194.9 cm, The Art Institute Of Chicago
- 14. FormForm ““is an enclosed 3-dimensional area measured withis an enclosed 3-dimensional area measured with height, width, and volume.height, width, and volume. There are two types ofThere are two types of form, geometric and organic.”form, geometric and organic.” Michelangelo Buonoratti (Italian ) 1475-1564, David, 1501-1504, 15 feet, Marble, Galleria dell'Accademia, Italy Paul Herman, Self Portrait Sierra de Aracena, Sevilla, 1994, Oil on canvas
- 15. Geometric FormGeometric Form ““is a form with a mathematical design. They tend to beis a form with a mathematical design. They tend to be exact and are typically made with straight lines (exceptexact and are typically made with straight lines (except for spheres).”for spheres).” Draw geometric forms underneath your definitionDraw geometric forms underneath your definition..
- 16. Organic FormOrganic Form ““is a form with natural free flowing characteristics.is a form with natural free flowing characteristics. They tend to be found in nature.”They tend to be found in nature.” Draw organic forms underneath your definitionDraw organic forms underneath your definition.. Henry Moore, Locking Piece, 1963-64 Paul Herman, Self Portrait Sierra de Aracena, Sevilla, 1994, Oil on canvas A tree found in nature
- 17. ValueValue““is the lightness and darkness of a color.is the lightness and darkness of a color. It canIt can also make a flat, 2-dimensional shape have thealso make a flat, 2-dimensional shape have the illusion of a 3-dimensional form.”illusion of a 3-dimensional form.” Marc Chagall, (Russian),
- 18. Value ScalesValue Scales Use a #2 pencil and aUse a #2 pencil and a colored pencil to draw twocolored pencil to draw two 6 section value scales.6 section value scales.
- 19. ValueValue Hatching Crosshatching Scribbling Stippling Blending Hatching Use a #2 pencil and draw these 6 circles, using different value techniques
- 20. ColorColor““Occurs when light in different wavelengths hits ourOccurs when light in different wavelengths hits our eyes.”eyes.”
- 21. ColorColorHue:Hue: is the color wheel name of the color such as yellow oris the color wheel name of the color such as yellow or yellow-green.yellow-green. Tint:Tint: when white is added to a color to make it lighter value.when white is added to a color to make it lighter value. Shade:Shade: when black is added to a color to make it darker value.when black is added to a color to make it darker value.
- 22. Color WheelColor Wheel Draw the color wheel shown below.Draw the color wheel shown below.
- 23. Color WheelColor WheelPrimary ColorsPrimary Colors: Red, Yellow, and Blue: Red, Yellow, and Blue 2 Important Things About the Primary Colors:2 Important Things About the Primary Colors: No mixture of colors can make the primary colors.No mixture of colors can make the primary colors. The primary colors can be mixed to make any color on the colorThe primary colors can be mixed to make any color on the color wheel.wheel. Color the primary colors onto your color wheel. They are the middle sections. Also color their tints which are the outside sections and their shades which are the inside sections. Label the color with a P next to it. Circle the P.
- 24. Color WheelColor Wheel Check that your color wheel matches this one shown below.Check that your color wheel matches this one shown below. Yellow (P) Blue (P)Red (P)
- 25. Color WheelColor WheelSecondary ColorsSecondary Colors:: Orange, Green, VioletOrange, Green, Violet Two primary colors mixed together makeTwo primary colors mixed together make a secondary color.a secondary color. Color the secondary colors onto your color wheel. They are the middle sections. Also color their tints which are the outside sections and their shades which are the inside sections. Label the color with a S next to it. Circle the S.
- 26. Color WheelColor Wheel Check that your color wheel matches this one shown belowCheck that your color wheel matches this one shown below Yellow (P) Blue (P)Red (P) Green (S) Violet (S) Orange(S)
- 27. Color WheelColor WheelTertiary ColorsTertiary Colors: Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-: Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue- Violet, Red-Violet, Red-Orange, Yellow-OrangeViolet, Red-Violet, Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange Made by mixing a primary color and a secondary colorMade by mixing a primary color and a secondary color Important: Always say the primary color first.Important: Always say the primary color first. Color the tertiary colors onto your color wheel. They are the middle sections. Also color their tints which are the outside sections and their shades which are the inside sections. Label the color with a T next to it. Circle the T.
- 28. Color WheelColor Wheel Yellow-Green (T) Yellow (P) Green (S) Blue-Green (T) Blue (P)Red (P) Blue-Violet(T) Violet (S) Red-Violet (T) Red- Orange (T) Orange(S) Yellow-Orange (T) WARM COLORS COOLCOLORS
- 29. Color SchemesColor Schemes ““Warm Colors:Warm Colors: Yellow-Green, Yellow,Yellow-Green, Yellow, Yellow-Orange, Orange, Red-Orange, Red, Red-VioletYellow-Orange, Orange, Red-Orange, Red, Red-Violet These colors pop out at you. They stand out.”These colors pop out at you. They stand out.” Label the warm colors on your color wheel.Label the warm colors on your color wheel.
- 30. Color WheelColor Wheel Yellow-Green (T) Yellow (P) Green (S) Blue-Green (T) Blue (P)Red (P) Blue-Violet(T) Violet (S) Red-Violet (T) Red- Orange (T) Orange(S) Yellow-Orange (T) WARM COLORS COOLCOLORS
- 31. Color SchemesColor Schemes Cool Colors:Cool Colors: Green, Blue-Green, Blue,Green, Blue-Green, Blue, Blue-Violet, VioletBlue-Violet, Violet These colors recede into the background.These colors recede into the background. Label the cool colors on your color wheelLabel the cool colors on your color wheel Vincent Van Gogh,Vincent Van Gogh, ““Starry Night”Starry Night”,, 18891889
- 32. Color WheelColor Wheel Yellow-Green (T) Yellow (P) Green (S) Blue-Green (T) Blue (P)Red (P) Blue-Violet(T) Violet (S) Red-Violet (T) Red- Orange (T) Orange(S) Yellow-Orange (T) WARM COLORS COOLCOLORS
- 33. Color SchemesColor Schemes ““Monochromatic:Monochromatic: is when only one color and it’sis when only one color and it’s values are used.”values are used.” Christine Taylor, “Ocean Blue”, 2007, Colored Pencil on Vellum Bristol paper
- 34. Monochromatic Color SchemeMonochromatic Color Scheme • Draw a circle with six sections. •Choose a color, and write it’s name down underneath the circle. • Color in the six sections using different values of the color. •NOTE: You are only using one colored pencil. Blue
- 35. Color SchemesColor Schemes““Analogous:Analogous: is 3 to 5 colors lined up in ais 3 to 5 colors lined up in a row on the color wheel.row on the color wheel.
- 36. Analogous Color SchemeAnalogous Color Scheme • Draw a circle with six sections. •Choose three to five analogous colors, and write their names down underneath the circle. • Color in the six sections using different values of each of the analogous colors. Yellow, Yellow-Green, Green, Blue-Green
- 37. Color SchemesColor Schemes ““Complementary colors:Complementary colors: are two colors directlyare two colors directly across from each other onacross from each other on the color wheel.the color wheel.
- 38. Complementary Color SchemeComplementary Color Scheme • Draw a circle with six sections. •Choose two complementary colors, and write their names down underneath the circle. • Color in the six sections using three different values of each of those complementary colors. Red, Green
- 39. SpaceSpace““The distance or area between, around,The distance or area between, around, above, below, or within things.”above, below, or within things.”
- 40. Position on Picture Plane (Space)Position on Picture Plane (Space) ““The higher up the objects are in a picture plane,The higher up the objects are in a picture plane, the farther away.” they seem to be.the farther away.” they seem to be. Andrew Wyeth, (American) b. 1917, Christina's World, 1948 Tempera, 32 1/4 x 47 3/4 in., The Museum of Modern Art, New York Draw your own example.
- 41. Size (Space)Size (Space) Abraham Bloemaert Shepherd Boy Pointing at Tobias and the Angel c. 1625-1630 Oil on canvas The Minneapolis Institute of Arts •Objects get smaller as they move into the background. Draw your own example.
- 42. Overlapping (Space)Overlapping (Space) The Antimenes Painter Black-figured Hydria c. 530 B.C. Slip-glazed earthenware The Minneapolis Institute of Arts Detail on pot Draw your own example.
- 43. Aerial Perspective (Space)Aerial Perspective (Space) ““Images in the background get hazier, cooler,Images in the background get hazier, cooler, lighter, and duller in color.”lighter, and duller in color.” T. Worthington Whittredge (American), 1820- 1910)
- 44. Linear Perspective (Space)Linear Perspective (Space) ““Linear Perspective is a term used to describe the fact thatLinear Perspective is a term used to describe the fact that lines which are parallel in nature seem to converge (comelines which are parallel in nature seem to converge (come together) in the distance. This diagram illustrates 1-pointtogether) in the distance. This diagram illustrates 1-point and 2-point perspective, where lines converge on theand 2-point perspective, where lines converge on the horizon at a vanishing point.”horizon at a vanishing point.” Camille Pissarro Place du Théâtre Français, Paris: Rain 1898 Oil on canvas The Minneapolis Institute of Arts
- 46. Positive & Negative SpacePositive & Negative Space Draw your own example and label theDraw your own example and label the positive and negative spacespositive and negative spaces.. Positive Space: is the actual image(s) in a composition. Negative Space: The background areas around the image(s). by Sarah Clare Positive Space Negative Space
- 47. EmphasisEmphasis ““is used to make certain parts of artwork stand outis used to make certain parts of artwork stand out and grab the viewer’s attention. Also known as aand grab the viewer’s attention. Also known as a ‘focal point’.”‘focal point’.” http://www.bluemoonwebdesign.com/art-lessons-4.asp Draw your own example.
- 48. ContrastContrast““is differences in values, colors, textures, and otheris differences in values, colors, textures, and other elements.elements. If there is no contrast in an artwork, it is thought to beIf there is no contrast in an artwork, it is thought to be monotonous, uninteresting, and boring.”monotonous, uninteresting, and boring.” B. J. D. Pilling •Contrasting values •Contrasting values and textures Philly Hall, “Whangarei Sky Wave”, Painting and Fibre Art Draw your own example.
- 49. MovementMovement““is the suggestion or illusion of motion in a painting,is the suggestion or illusion of motion in a painting, sculpture, or design.sculpture, or design. Your eyes are led around theYour eyes are led around the composition, often to a focal point.”composition, often to a focal point.” Vincent Van Gogh Starry Night, 1889 http://www.pblunit10.com/mager/Van%20Gogh.htm Draw your own example.
- 50. RhythmRhythm ““movementmovement created by thecreated by the repetitionrepetition of elements in aof elements in a composition.”composition.” Artist Unknown Photograph of a picket fence Draw your own example.
- 51. PatternPattern ““is theis the repetitionrepetition of elements throughout aof elements throughout a composition.”composition.” Draw your own example.
- 52. UnityUnity ““is using the elements to create a feeling thatis using the elements to create a feeling that everything in the work of art works together andeverything in the work of art works together and looks like it fits.”looks like it fits.” http://www.bluemoonwebdesign.com/art-lessons-9.asp Draw your own example. Unity using Space
- 53. BalanceBalance ““describes how artists create visual weight.”describes how artists create visual weight.” http://www.artsconnected.org/toolkit/encyc_balancesymmetry.html
- 54. Symmetrical BalanceSymmetrical Balance ““is when one side is a mirror image of the other.”is when one side is a mirror image of the other.” Jhon Goes In Center Warrior's Cross 1991 German silver The Minneapolis Institute of Arts http://www.artsconnected.org/toolkit/encyc_balancesymmetry.html •Draw your own example.
- 55. Asymmetrical BalanceAsymmetrical Balance James Whistler, American, “Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1: Portrait of the Artist's Mother”, 1871, oil on canvas, •Draw your own example. “is when elements are not the same on each side of the axis, but the visual weight is still balanced in the composition”
- 56. Radial BalanceRadial Balance is when all the elements radiate out from a centralis when all the elements radiate out from a central point.”point.” Rose window of the Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, Interior view http://makingamark.blogspot.com/2008_01_01_archive.html •Draw your own example.
- 57. ReferencesReferences http://www.conceptart.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62688http://www.conceptart.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62688 http://www.albertc.on.ca/library/courses/art/Elements%20of%20Art%20-%20http://www.albertc.on.ca/library/courses/art/Elements%20of%20Art%20-%20 http://wwwisg.cs.uni-magdeburg.de/graphik/pub/files/Schlechtweg_1996_RLhttp://wwwisg.cs.uni-magdeburg.de/graphik/pub/files/Schlechtweg_1996_RL http://newberryworkshop.com/Tutorial/egg/egg.htmlhttp://newberryworkshop.com/Tutorial/egg/egg.html http://www.homeschoolarts.com/pncl-l1-4.htmhttp://www.homeschoolarts.com/pncl-l1-4.htm http://ycdinsiders.digitalchainsaw.com/InsidersArtistLoft/crosshatch.htmhttp://ycdinsiders.digitalchainsaw.com/InsidersArtistLoft/crosshatch.htm http://artlex.com/http://artlex.com/ http://www.classinfoonline.org/art111/art111_drawingTerms.hthttp://www.classinfoonline.org/art111/art111_drawingTerms.ht mlml http://www.hitrecord.org/forum/viewtopic.php?http://www.hitrecord.org/forum/viewtopic.php? t=3832&start=15&sid=d83343aa7304b78978187645047098d6t=3832&start=15&sid=d83343aa7304b78978187645047098d6 http://blog.miragestudio7.com/2006/04/creating-seamless-textures/http://blog.miragestudio7.com/2006/04/creating-seamless-textures/ http://www.freefoto.com/preview/33-15-15?ffid=33-15-15http://www.freefoto.com/preview/33-15-15?ffid=33-15-15 http://blog.phamansinh.com/category/entertainment/http://blog.phamansinh.com/category/entertainment/ http://www.electricscotland.com/art/rightside2.htmhttp://www.electricscotland.com/art/rightside2.htm
- 58. ReferencesReferences http://www.picable.com/Art/Tattoo/Positivenegative-Space-Drawing.496163http://www.picable.com/Art/Tattoo/Positivenegative-Space-Drawing.496163 http://www.hermanstudios.com/blog.htmlhttp://www.hermanstudios.com/blog.html http://media.photobucket.com/image/drawinghttp://media.photobucket.com/image/drawing %20spheres/sashapetrenko/sphere-reflect-and-specular.jpg%20spheres/sashapetrenko/sphere-reflect-and-specular.jpg http://www.homeschoolarts.com/pncl-l1-4.htmhttp://www.homeschoolarts.com/pncl-l1-4.htm http://www.superstock.co.uk/stock-photos-images/475-1811http://www.superstock.co.uk/stock-photos-images/475-1811 http://fineartamerica.com/featured/ruby-glow-pattern-amy-vangsgard.htmlhttp://fineartamerica.com/featured/ruby-glow-pattern-amy-vangsgard.html http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/M/MUR/mural-decoration-15.htmlhttp://www.1902encyclopedia.com/M/MUR/mural-decoration-15.html Special thanks to Jacqueline Wiggins, a fellow Art teacher In CCSD, for sharing this with me and other art teachers.