NCTU ppt 2023-2024_WEEK1-Introduction to DBMS.pdf
- 1. q Dr. Amany AbdElSamea Saeed February 2024 PEARSON BTEC International Standards Verifier ICT Program Lec. 1 Introduction to DBMS والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 1
- 2. Course Content والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية Module 0: includes an introduction to relational database management systems Module 1: introduces basic Structured Query Language (SQL) Module 2: includes SQL data types, operations and expressions. Module 3: introduces SQL – procedures, functions, triggers. Module 4: includes SQL constraints. Module 5: introduces Views & Indexes in Databases Module 6: discusses SQL Joins Module 7: discusses query plans and query optimization Module 8: introduces SQL transactions Module 9: discusses NoSQL tools. 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 2
- 3. Outline والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية • Types of Database • Database keys • Database management systems • Structured query language • Types of SQL statements • MySQL installation 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 3
- 4. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 4 Database • A database is a tool used to organize, store, retrieve, and communicate groups of related information • A database is an organized collection of related data • Database Structure: Table: It is the fundamental object of database structure. The basic purpose of a table is to store data. It consists of rows and columns. Rows/Records: Rows are the horizontal part of the table Columns/Fields: Columns are the vertical part of the table
- 5. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 5 Types of Database Non-Relational Relational Ideal for quasi-structured and un-structured data (Key-value pairs, Document-based, Graph database, Wide-column stores) Ideal for structured data (Table-based) Structure - Data consistency and integrity is not top priority - Expecting high transaction load -Don’t anticipate changes to the database structure - Working with complex queries and reports Strength Designed for scaling out horizontally by adding more database nodes to handle the increased workload Designed for scaling up vertically by upgrading the custom-built hardware Scalability Schema free and change management is easy Change management is difficult due to rigid schema Management No Standard for querying data Standard SQL is used to query data Querying Suitable for social media sites and big web applications Suitable for Financial Applications i.e. Banking Transaction require ACID property Applications CouchDB and MongoDB Cassandra and HBase and Redis Oracle Database, Microsoft Sql Server, IBM DB2, and PostgresSQL Examples
- 6. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 6 Types of keys A DBMS key is an attribute or a set of attributes which help you uniquely identify a record or a row of data in a relation ( table). • In other words, a candidate key is super key without any redundant attribute. • Except for the primary key, the remaining attributes are considered a candidate key. The candidate keys are as strong as the primary key. • The candidate key chosen to uniquely identify each row of data in a table. • No two rows can have the same primary key value, primary key value cannot be NULL and every row must have a primary key Primary Key • The candidate keys that are not selected as primary key are known as alternate keys. Alternate Key Candidate Key • A foreign key is an attribute or a set of attributes in a relation whose values match a primary key in another relation. • Foreign keys are the column of the table used to point to the primary key of another table. Foreign Key • Whenever a primary key consists of more than one attribute, it known as a composite key Composite Key
- 7. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 7 Relationships • A relationship is a logical connection between different tables. • It is established by connecting one or more fields of two tables. The fields used to connect two tables normally have same name, data type and size. • Types of relationships are: - One-to-One relationship - One-to-Many relationship - Many-to-Many relationship
- 8. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 8 Types of Relationships One-to-One One-to-Many Many-to-Many - For each record in the first table, there is only one record in the second table - For each record in the second table, there is only one record in the first table. - For each record in the first table, there are one or more records in the second table - For each record in the second table, there is only one record in the first table. - For each record in the first table, there are one or more records in the second table - For each record in the second table, there are one or more records in the first table.
- 9. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 9 Database Management Systems (DBMS) • A special computer software program that helps users create and maintain a database Makes it easy to manage large amounts of information Handles Security Backups Importing/exporting data Concurrency Interacts with software applications oProgramming Languages • Four main operations of DBMS are create, read, update and delete • RDBMS uses SQL queries to access the data in the database.
- 10. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 10 What is SQL? • SQL is a standardized language used for interacting with RDMS - You can use SQL to get the RDMS to do things for you Create, retrieve, update & delete data Create & manage databases Design & create database tables Perform administrative tasks (user management, security, backup, etc.,) • SQL is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard • SQL implementations vary between systems. SQL code used on one RDMS is not always portable to another without modification • SQL stands for Structured Query language, pronounced as “S-Q-L” or sometimes as “See-Quel”
- 11. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 11 Types of SQL Statements • Data Query Language (DQL) oUsed to query the database for information oGet information that is already stored there • Data Definition Language (DDL) oUsed for defining database schemas • Data Control Language (DCL) oUsed for controlling access to the data in the database oUser & permissions management • Data Manipulation Language (DML) oUsed for inserting, updating and deleting data from the database • Transaction Control Language oManage the transactions in the database
- 12. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 12 Most Popular DBMS
- 13. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 13 What is MYSQL? • MySQL is a relational database management system • MySQL is open-source • MySQL is free • MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications • MySQL is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use • MySQL is cross-platform • MySQL is compliant with the ANSI SQL standard • MySQL was first released in 1995 • MySQL is developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation • MySQL is supported on a large number of platforms, including Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows, etc.,. It also has APIs for large number of languages, including C, C++, Java, .NET, Perl, PHP, Python.
- 14. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 14 Who use MYSQL? • Huge websites like Facebook, Twitter, Booking.com, Uber, GitHub, YouTube, etc. • Content Management Systems like WordPress, Drupal, etc. • A very large number of web developers around the world To build a web site that shows data from a database, you will need: An RDBMS database program (like MySQL) A server-side scripting language, like PHP To use SQL to get the data you want To use HTML / CSS to style the page
- 15. Installing MySQL • Step 1: go to https:/ / dev. mysql. com/ downloads/ windows/ installer/ • Step 2: After that, you will see two options to Download. If you have internet connectivity then you can go forward and choose the mysql-installer-web- community, else you can choose the other one. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 15
- 16. Installing MySQL cont., • Step 3: Once, you click on Download, you will be redirected to the following page: If you aren't interested in logging in or signing up, choose No thanks, just start my download • Step 4: Install the file you just downloaded by clicking on it from your browser downloads or by double-clicking on the file in Windows Explorer. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 16
- 17. Installing MySQL cont., • Step 5: In the next wizard, you have to choose the setup type. Here, I will choose the option FULL and click on Next. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 17 • Step 6: The products will be downloaded
- 18. Installing MySQL cont., • Step 7: The products will be installed. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 18 • Step 8: The products configuration
- 19. • Step 9: Type and networking. Click next والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 19 • Step 10:Now, you have to choose the authentication method. Here, I will choose the first option and click on Next. Installing MySQL cont.,
- 20. • Step 11: Next, you have to mention the MySQL Root Password and again click on Next. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 20 • Step 12:: Finally, you have to choose whether you want to start the server or not. Then click on Next. Installing MySQL cont.,
- 21. • Step 13: Next, you have to choose the server file permissions. Then click on Next والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 21 • Step 14: Finally, Apply Configuration Then click on Execute then Finish Installing MySQL cont.,
- 22. • Step 15: Next, you will configure MySQL Router. Click on Next والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 22 Installing MySQL cont., • Step 16: Click on Finish
- 23. • Step 17: Next, you will configure Samples and examples. Click on Next والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 23 Installing MySQL cont., • Step 18: you will see the following wizard, to Connect to server. Here mention the root password, which you had set in the previous steps
- 24. • Step 19: Once, you click on Next, choose the configurations applied and click on Execute. Then click on finish والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 24 Installing MySQL cont., • Step 20: Installation complete. Click finish
- 25. • Step 21: Start MySQL Shell and MySQL Workbench والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 25 Installing MySQL cont.,
- 26. والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 26 Installing MySQL cont.,
- 27. q Thank you والطاقة الصناعة تكنولوجيا كلية 2/22/2024 11:44 AM 27