UKSG 2023 - New approaches to resource sharing: a reassessment of library collections and a more open research agenda
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The document discusses the evolving landscape of interlibrary loan (ILL) services, highlighting their significance in facilitating research and resource sharing among libraries. It identifies challenges such as high costs and inefficiencies in traditional ILL models while proposing new approaches and technologies to enhance resource management, equity, and user experience. Additionally, it outlines the potential for controlled digital lending and collaborative projects to improve access to resources, particularly e-books, and concludes that innovative solutions can better support the demands of modern academic research.
![Issues to resolve - Ebooks
Ebooks
Nevertheless some progress towards ebook ILL is being made. For example the
Collection Strategies team at the University of Alberta is optimistic ‘that as more
libraries work with vendors on this issue, whole ebook lending could become the
new standard.’ Similar work is being done by other libraries such as Virginia's
Academic Library Consortium and the State University of New York. SUNY’s
eBook Lending Project is a collaboration with ProQuest and designed to develop
processes for lending eBook titles.
ProQuest eBook Lending Project. EBC eBook Lending Project. Suny Library
services [website]
https://slcny.libguides.com/sls/ebc_lending](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/newapproachestoresourcesharingareassessmentoflibrarycollectionsandamoreopenresearchagenda-230419125608-f9dceed9/85/UKSG-2023-New-approaches-to-resource-sharing-a-reassessment-of-library-collections-and-a-more-open-research-agenda-21-320.jpg)
![Issues to resolve - digital lending
Controlled Digital Lending
Controlled Digital Lending (CDL) is a method for libraries to loan digitized items
from their print collection to their patrons in a “lend like print” fashion.
Using this method libraries digitize an owned physical item from their
collection, then lend out this secured digital version to one user at a time
while the original, printed copy, is simultaneously made unavailable to
other users. Technical controls in CDL interactions ensure a consistent
“owned-to-loaned” ratio, meaning the library circulates the exact number of
copies of a specific title it owns, regardless of format, putting controls in
place to prevent users from redistributing or copying the digitized version.
Statement on Using Controlled Digital Lending as a Mechanism for Interlibrary Loan. Controlled Digital
Lending [website] https://controlleddigitallending.org/illstatement](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/newapproachestoresourcesharingareassessmentoflibrarycollectionsandamoreopenresearchagenda-230419125608-f9dceed9/85/UKSG-2023-New-approaches-to-resource-sharing-a-reassessment-of-library-collections-and-a-more-open-research-agenda-22-320.jpg)
![The provision of Fair Use clauses in US copyright law
gives greater certainty to US universities and allows
them to pursue CDL more vigorously than other
countries. David Prosser, Executive Director of
Research Libraries UK (RLUK) lamented.
‘Differences in copyright frameworks could result in
the US universities moving to a 21st Century model
of library lending, while we in the UK are left behind’.
Library Lending Fit for the 21st Century? Controlled Digital Lending in the UK,
David Prosser. RLUK [Blog] September 2021. https://www.rluk.ac.uk/library-
lending-fit-for-the-21st-century-controlled-digital-lending-in-the-uk/](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/newapproachestoresourcesharingareassessmentoflibrarycollectionsandamoreopenresearchagenda-230419125608-f9dceed9/85/UKSG-2023-New-approaches-to-resource-sharing-a-reassessment-of-library-collections-and-a-more-open-research-agenda-23-320.jpg)
UKSG 2023 - New approaches to resource sharing: a reassessment of library collections and a more open research agenda
- 1. Ken Chad Ken Chad Consulting Ltd Twitter @kenchad ken@kenchadconsulting.com Tel: +44 (0)7788 727 845 www.kenchadconsulting.com New approaches to resource sharing: a reassessment of library collections and a more open research agenda - Anna Clements, Director of Library Services and University Librarian University of Sheffield M: 07704 305441 @AnnaKClements ORCID: 0000-0003-2895-1310
- 2. Read more about it …………..
- 3. The value of ILL ‘You would be hard-pressed to find an acknowledgments page in a book of academic scholarship that doesn’t include the phrase interlibrary loan’.
- 4. The value of ILL ‘Interlibrary Loan services are a key strategy in ensuring that scholars and researchers have the opportunity to study, teach, and conduct research in a resource-rich environment, enabling discovery, analysis, and reflection leading to the creation of new knowledge’. Exploring the Value of Interlibrary Loan. Kristine Shrauger and Meg Scharf. ACRL Conference. At the helm: leading transformation. 2017 https://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/conference s/confsandpreconfs/2017/ExploringValueofInterlibraryLoan.pdf
- 5. Barriers The main disadvantages of this model of interlibrary loan involve high expense and relatively long times to fulfill requests. Costs might include transaction fees assessed by the interlibrary loan service broker, charges assessed by the lender, and shipping. A request might cycle through multiple potential suppliers before it is completed, and shipping from distant locations will extend the fulfillment interval even further. Introduction to Resource Sharing Chapter 1 of Resource Sharing in Libraries: Concepts, Products, Technologies, and Trends. Library Technology Reports. vol. 49, no. 1 January 2013
- 6. Peer to peer - ISO ILL 10160/10161 standard The need to create a more efficient environment for ILL is exemplified in IFLA’s Guidelines for Best Practice in Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery. It makes the following general recommendations: • Streamline the process within your own library o Define performance indicators for service levels and turnaround time and monitor your performance against them o Evaluate your own routines and change them accordingly o Reduce the number of hands through which the requests are passing • All requests should be handled in one electronic system, preferably with the ability to interoperate with other ILL/DD systems • Keep statistics to suit national monitoring schemes and local needs • Make holdings available on Union Catalogues and keep them up to date, with an indication of availability for resource sharing • Explore reciprocal arrangements Guidelines for Best Practice in Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery. International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. (IFLA) 2015 https://www.ifla.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/assets/docdel/documents/guidelines-best- practice-ill-dd-en.pdf
- 7. Resource sharing – new approaches
- 8. ILL to resource sharing Reciprocal Borrowing across Alma institutions: P2P inter-lending with WHELF. WHELF 2020 https://whelf.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/WHELFs-P2P- Alma-Inter-Lending-Scheme-v2.pdf
- 9. ILL to resource sharing A next generation of resource management solutions is enhancing efficiency by enabling peer-to-peer interoperability across institutions that may have different local library systems. Extending Interoperability - new open system solutions
- 10. ILL to resource sharing RapidILL was developed by inter-library loan staff at Colorado State University and subsequently acquired by Ex Libris. It facilitates quick, reciprocal resource requesting for ‘pods’ of libraries and interfaces with software solutions from a variety of vendors. It is especially optimised for electronic resources (‘non- returnables’). At November 2022 Ex Libris reported there were 500 customers worldwide with a 95% fulfilment rate and a 11.2 hours turnaround time on 1.5 million requests Ex Libris RapidILL https://exlibrisgroup.com/products/rapidill-interlibrary-loan/
- 11. ILL to resource sharing Tipasa ‘an ILL management system for individual libraries to share and obtain materials through different resources and systems as well as to provide an exceptional experience for the library user’. Resource sharing revolutionized. OCLC https://www.oclc.org/en/resource-sharing.html
- 12. ILL to resource sharing Project ReShare is an open-source community driven project ‘creating a new and open approach to library resource sharing systems that sets the standard for how we connect library patrons to the resources and information they require.....designing an open source, highly-scalable platform that supports discovery, fulfilment, and delivery workflows, with a focus on user-centered design.’ Project ReShare. https://projectreshare.org/
- 13. Solving problems - making it equitable Equity A barrier to taking part in peer-to-peer arrangements has been the concern that a library may be overwhelmed by requests or treated unfairly. A key principle governing the Welsh resource sharing project is ‘Equitability – a rota system ensures that no institution receives a disproportionate number of requests’. ‘Load balancing’ reduces or eliminates this concern and although implemented in different ways is a key feature of the new tranche of resource sharing solutions.
- 14. Solving problems - reducing costs Reducing costs Making resource sharing equitable can also enable significant cost reductions. As noted above, the Welsh consortium and RapidILL ‘pods’ start from the assumption that equity means no need to makes charges for requests. This potentially eliminates the costly infrastructure to manage those charges. Automating the processing of requests and therefore removing the need, for the most part, of staff mediation is another way of significantly reducing costs. <LIS-ILL@JISCMAIL.AC.UK> Sent: 08 November 2022 15:33 To: LIS-ILL@JISCMAIL.AC.UK Subject: removing ILL charges? We currently charge our customers for document supply requests – but are considering removing the fee. Has anyone out there made a similar change recently?
- 15. Solving problems - a better user experience A better user experience The ability to integrate ILL functionality into library discovery solutions enhances the value of that service by enabling users to obtain resources not in the library’s collection easily and quickly It is not just about speed of supply. In the same way that Amazon offers differing fulfilment options such as new or secondhanded a resource sharing solution can for example, offer the user the option of the physical copy delivered in days or an electronic chapter available in hours.
- 16. Solving problems – a better user experience Improving the user experience A brokering capability means that the user can expand their search from their institutional or consortia library discovery layer to external resources and get a choice of fulfilment options. In the same way that Amazon offers differing fulfilment options, a resource sharing brokering solution can, for example, offer the user the option of the physical copy delivered in days or an electronic chapter available in hours. Importantly, the user decides.
- 19. Issues to resolve - Ebooks Ebooks The move to ebooks has been slower but also offers major possibilities for efficiencies. Lending a print book to another library involves costs related to processing, mailing and storage. A print book can be damaged in transfer, and if this happens, the borrowing library has to replace it. When a print book is issued to another library it is unavailable to the library’s own patrons. The requester has to wait several days for the book to arrive by post. By making an e-book available to another library/libraries can avoid all the above. Collins, P.D., Krueger, S., & Skenderija, S. (Eds.). (2019). Proceedings of the 16th IFLA ILDS conference: Beyond the paywall - Resource sharing in a disruptive ecosystem. Prague, Czech Republic: National Library of Technology. http://invenio.nusl.cz/record/407836?ln=en
- 20. Issues to resolve - Ebooks Restrictive licences Restrictive licences and digital rights management militate against e-books being part of the traditional ILL model. Licensing agreements, as well as pricing and access models, place constraints on how these collections are used. This has limited the ability of libraries to use ILL as a mechanism to reach beyond the resources of their institution.
- 21. Issues to resolve - Ebooks Ebooks Nevertheless some progress towards ebook ILL is being made. For example the Collection Strategies team at the University of Alberta is optimistic ‘that as more libraries work with vendors on this issue, whole ebook lending could become the new standard.’ Similar work is being done by other libraries such as Virginia's Academic Library Consortium and the State University of New York. SUNY’s eBook Lending Project is a collaboration with ProQuest and designed to develop processes for lending eBook titles. ProQuest eBook Lending Project. EBC eBook Lending Project. Suny Library services [website] https://slcny.libguides.com/sls/ebc_lending
- 22. Issues to resolve - digital lending Controlled Digital Lending Controlled Digital Lending (CDL) is a method for libraries to loan digitized items from their print collection to their patrons in a “lend like print” fashion. Using this method libraries digitize an owned physical item from their collection, then lend out this secured digital version to one user at a time while the original, printed copy, is simultaneously made unavailable to other users. Technical controls in CDL interactions ensure a consistent “owned-to-loaned” ratio, meaning the library circulates the exact number of copies of a specific title it owns, regardless of format, putting controls in place to prevent users from redistributing or copying the digitized version. Statement on Using Controlled Digital Lending as a Mechanism for Interlibrary Loan. Controlled Digital Lending [website] https://controlleddigitallending.org/illstatement
- 23. The provision of Fair Use clauses in US copyright law gives greater certainty to US universities and allows them to pursue CDL more vigorously than other countries. David Prosser, Executive Director of Research Libraries UK (RLUK) lamented. ‘Differences in copyright frameworks could result in the US universities moving to a 21st Century model of library lending, while we in the UK are left behind’. Library Lending Fit for the 21st Century? Controlled Digital Lending in the UK, David Prosser. RLUK [Blog] September 2021. https://www.rluk.ac.uk/library- lending-fit-for-the-21st-century-controlled-digital-lending-in-the-uk/
- 24. Conclusion New resource sharing solutions have the potential to play a major role is rebalancing the research environment by enabling the realisation of a wider view of library collections based on regional, national and even international resource sharing consortia.
- 25. N8+ .. What’s it all about? Anna Clements Director Library Services & University Librarian UKSG 13-15 March 2023
- 26. 28 REPRISE – UKSG 2022
- 27. 29 REPRISE – UKSG 2022
- 28. 30 WHAT MAKES THIS POSSIBLE Common purpose Evidence Technology
- 29. 31 COMMON PURPOSE • 30 UK University Libraries – all members of RLUK • Concerns about budget pressures and value for money • Concerns about excess profits made by commercial suppliers / not aligned with our missions • Lack of transparency around cost increases • Our primary responsibility is to support high quality teaching and research at our parent institution …increasing, unjustified expenditure on resources has to be challenged.
- 30. EVIDENCE – cancelling a big deal CC BY 2.0. Lauri Vain https://www.flickr.com/photos/lauri_vain/5025823997
- 31. EVIDENCE – cancelling a big deal Unsub Price list PCA Counter CC BY 2.0. Lauri Vain https://www.flickr.com/photos/lauri_vain/5025823997
- 32. EVIDENCE – cancelling a big deal Unsub Price list PCA Counter Working with Unsub and Jisc Feed in • Counter 5 usage stats (includes OA) • Post cancellation access details 60 – 65% instant access (no resubscriptions; no inter library loans; no resubscriptions) • Resubscribe high usage titles • ILL across group • 80 – 95% fulfilment
- 33. 35 TECHNOLOGY CC BY-SA 2.0 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Library_of_Birmingham_-_Centenary_Square_- _long_queue_before_11am_%2817645772824%29.jpg RapidILL • Estimated 2 hour turnaround • Actually achieved median 36 – 42 minutes across trials • Workload per request < 2 mins (had estimated 7 mins @ £1.50*) Overall cost savings 50 – 70% • Cancel big deal • Subscribe to RapidILL • Re-subscribe small number journals • Modest increase in ILL staff resource (most none at all) * cf £8 Research Consulting Report for Jisc in 2021
- 34. 36 Discussion CC BY 2.0. Lauri Vain https://www.flickr.com/photos/lauri_vain/5025823997 Q&A ------ Why have we not cancelled a big deal? ------