New Zephyr features: LWM2M / FOTA Framework - SFO17-113
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The document outlines recent developments in the Zephyr project, including firmware over-the-air (FOTA) updates and integration with the MCUBoot bootloader. It details enhancements to the LwM2M subsystem, including standardized object management and application features, aimed at enhancing interoperability. Future plans involve expanding LwM2M capabilities, including support for new object types and optimizations.
![LEADING COLLABORATION
IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM
LWM2M from 10,000 ft (3048 m)
UDP, L2, PHY
CoAP [+DTLS]
LWM2M
IPSO objects
Application callbacks, etc.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sfo17-113newzephyrfeatureslwm2m2ffotaframeworksfo17-171011100942/85/New-Zephyr-features-LWM2M-FOTA-Framework-SFO17-113-13-320.jpg)
![LEADING COLLABORATION
IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM
IPSO Light Control in Source Form
static struct lwm2m_engine_obj_field fields[] = {
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_ON_OFF_ID, RW, BOOL),
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_DIMMER_ID, RW, U8),
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_ON_TIME_ID, RW, S32),
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_CUMULATIVE_ACTIVE_POWER_ID, R,
FLOAT32),
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_POWER_FACTOR_ID, R, FLOAT32),
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_COLOUR_ID, RW, STRING),
OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_SENSOR_UNITS_ID, R, STRING),
};](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sfo17-113newzephyrfeatureslwm2m2ffotaframeworksfo17-171011100942/85/New-Zephyr-features-LWM2M-FOTA-Framework-SFO17-113-16-320.jpg)
![LEADING COLLABORATION
IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM
Instance-specific data declarations
/* Initialize instance resource data. */
INIT_OBJ_RES_DATA(res[avail], i, LIGHT_ON_OFF_ID,
&on_off_value[avail], sizeof(*on_off_value));
INIT_OBJ_RES_DATA(res[avail], i, LIGHT_DIMMER_ID,
&dimmer_value[avail], sizeof(*dimmer_value));
[...]
INIT_OBJ_RES_DATA(res[avail], i, LIGHT_SENSOR_UNITS_ID,
units[avail], LIGHT_STRING_SHORT);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sfo17-113newzephyrfeatureslwm2m2ffotaframeworksfo17-171011100942/85/New-Zephyr-features-LWM2M-FOTA-Framework-SFO17-113-17-320.jpg)
![LEADING COLLABORATION
IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM
Application level
/* Resource initialization */
lwm2m_engine_set_string("3/0/0", CLIENT_MANUFACTURER);
lwm2m_engine_set_string("3/0/1", CLIENT_MODEL_NUMBER);
[...]
/* Engine startup */
ret = lwm2m_rd_client_start(&client, CONFIG_NET_APP_PEER_IPV6_ADDR,
CONFIG_LWM2M_PEER_PORT, CONFIG_BOARD,
rd_client_event);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sfo17-113newzephyrfeatureslwm2m2ffotaframeworksfo17-171011100942/85/New-Zephyr-features-LWM2M-FOTA-Framework-SFO17-113-18-320.jpg)
New Zephyr features: LWM2M / FOTA Framework - SFO17-113
- 1. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM New Zephyr features LWM2M / FOTA Framework Marti Bolivar <marti.bolivar@linaro.org> David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org> Ricardo Salveti <ricardo.salveti@linaro.org> Mike Scott <michael.scott@linaro.org>
- 2. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Zephyr and LTD “changing at an alarming pace”
- 3. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Version Changesets Changed lines 1.1.0 481 15,798(+) 9,205(-) 1.2.0 482 37,176(+) 11,044(-) 1.3.0 456 37,216(+) 15,452(-) 1.4.0 473 289,223(+) 14,585(-) 1.5.0 970 179,485(+) 18,732(-) 1.6.0 3,188 1,706,583(+) 131,887(-) 1.7.0 1,839 1,126,493(+) 336,555(-) 1.8.0 1,692 858,467(+) 239,250(-) Since Zephyr v1.0.0 (February 8)
- 4. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM FOTA at last Connect ● MCUBoot talk given by David ○ Introduce the bootloader ○ Discuss the Zephyr port, work with Runtime, etc ○ A more detailed update was given earlier today in SFO17-118, so just some Zep updates to discuss today ● hawkBit keynote demo ○ FOTA updates of devices which live-streamed temperature data ○ An updated demo was given at today’s keynote
- 5. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Zephyr work since then ● Firmware over the air (FOTA) framework ● LWM2M subsystem and example applications ● Today’s keynote demos ○ hawkBit ○ LWM2M ○ BT Mesh lights Work in progress, in collaboration with other groups and companies.
- 6. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM MCUBoot + FOTA framework
- 7. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Desiderata ● Should be possible to add SoC or board support for mcuboot without changing mcuboot repository ● Should be possible to portably share system configuration ○ The bootloader, ○ Applications which are chain-loaded by it ○ Bootloader and application build systems (including flashing and debug) In short, mcuboot should be “easy”.
- 8. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Booting with MCUBoot Application image area Other Application update area TMPMCUBoot Etc MCUBoot’s job is to move a new image in the update area to the main application image area, using the temporary (TMP) scratch space to avoid data loss. It and apps need to know various details about the flash device, and peacefully coexist with other partitions. MCUBoot header Vector table
- 9. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Flash specifics to know about (apps and bootloader) Sector 0 Sector 1 Sector 2 Sector n - 1...Sector 3 ● Map between sectors and “partitions” / image areas ● Nonuniform sector sizes (e.g. STM32) ● Widely varying “write block sizes” (1, 4, 8 common)
- 10. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Support issues on Zephyr Zephyr (or other RTOS) Kernel Flash driver Bootutil library (bootloader core) Board header (flash layout, WBS, sector sizes) Small application, mostly defers to bootutil HAL (for mynewt compatibility) One header file per board with flash layout, sector “size”, etc. This information is duplicated again in every application that needs to manage FOTA updates with mcuboot. This is tedious and error-prone. Also, what happens when you want to change the config? Partitions in DTS now, but more remains for writing apps. Other issues around flashing, etc.
- 11. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM MCUBoot with Zephyr + “FOTA framework” Zephyr Kernel Flash driver + device tree (partition / sector map, write block size) Bootutil library (bootloader core) Small application, mostly defers to bootutil HAL (flash layout, WBS, variable sector size support) MCUBoot / DFU manager MCUBoot’s HAL will allow target-specific hacks, but supports obtaining everything from the OS. Target-specific behavior from DTS and the flash driver. MCUBoot manager allows apps and bootloader to start sharing code. Makefile.exports for build systems, but more work needed to make this easy.
- 12. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM LWM2M
- 13. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM LWM2M from 10,000 ft (3048 m) UDP, L2, PHY CoAP [+DTLS] LWM2M IPSO objects Application callbacks, etc.
- 14. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM LWM2M and IPSO ● LWM2M: 18 base objects managed via OMA Working Groups with room for expansion up to object id 1023. Security (0), Server (1), Device (3), Firmware (5) ... ● IPSO: Hundreds of standard and vendor-defined objects starting with object id 2048. Examples: Light control (3311) used in keynote demo, also presence (3302), humidity (3304), accelerometer (3313), magnetometer (3314), … ● These well-defined objects / resources increase interoperability. More details in the OMA registry.
- 15. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Resource Name Read/write Number Required? Type 5850 On/Off RW Single Mandatory Boolean 5851 Dimmer RW Single Optional Integer 5852 On Time RW Single Optional Integer 5805 Cumulative active power R Single Optional 5820 Power Factor R Single Optional Float 5706 Colour RW Single Optional String 5701 Sensor Units R Single Optional String IPSO Light Control Object Resources
- 16. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM IPSO Light Control in Source Form static struct lwm2m_engine_obj_field fields[] = { OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_ON_OFF_ID, RW, BOOL), OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_DIMMER_ID, RW, U8), OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_ON_TIME_ID, RW, S32), OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_CUMULATIVE_ACTIVE_POWER_ID, R, FLOAT32), OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_POWER_FACTOR_ID, R, FLOAT32), OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_COLOUR_ID, RW, STRING), OBJ_FIELD_DATA(LIGHT_SENSOR_UNITS_ID, R, STRING), };
- 17. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Instance-specific data declarations /* Initialize instance resource data. */ INIT_OBJ_RES_DATA(res[avail], i, LIGHT_ON_OFF_ID, &on_off_value[avail], sizeof(*on_off_value)); INIT_OBJ_RES_DATA(res[avail], i, LIGHT_DIMMER_ID, &dimmer_value[avail], sizeof(*dimmer_value)); [...] INIT_OBJ_RES_DATA(res[avail], i, LIGHT_SENSOR_UNITS_ID, units[avail], LIGHT_STRING_SHORT);
- 18. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Application level /* Resource initialization */ lwm2m_engine_set_string("3/0/0", CLIENT_MANUFACTURER); lwm2m_engine_set_string("3/0/1", CLIENT_MODEL_NUMBER); [...] /* Engine startup */ ret = lwm2m_rd_client_start(&client, CONFIG_NET_APP_PEER_IPV6_ADDR, CONFIG_LWM2M_PEER_PORT, CONFIG_BOARD, rd_client_event);
- 19. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM End to End Demo System ● Control an LED and do a FOTA update via LWM2M ● Canned Docker containers and build system glue to get moving quickly ● http://ltd-docs.readthedocs.io/ en/ltd-17.09/iotfoundry/lwm2m -howto.html
- 20. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM How to play with the Zephyr LWM2M Client locally ● Download the latest Leshan Demo Server build and start ○ $ wget https://hudson.eclipse.org/leshan/job/leshan/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/ leshan-server-demo.jar ○ $ java -jar ./leshan-server-demo.jar ○ Open a web browser to: http://localhost:8080 ● Run the Zephyr LWM2M Client via QEMU ○ Follow “Getting Started” Guide ○ Follow “Networking with QEMU” Docs ○ $ make -C samples/net/lwm2m_client run
- 21. LEADING COLLABORATION IN THE ARM ECOSYSTEM Zephyr LWM2M Roadmap In Zephyr v1.9 ● LWM2M Engine to manage registering smart object and handling read/write/create/delete operations. ● Registration device client state machine (DTLS not supported yet) ● 4 OMA LWM2M objects: Security, Server, Device and Firmware ● Support for firmware update via both direct resource write and pull via URL resource. Coming in the future ● Migrate to new Zephyr CoAP APIs. ● LWM2M Engine to support DTLS. ● Registration client to support bootstrap state machine. ● Add more OMA standard smart objects: Access Controls, Location … ● Add more IPSO Smart Objects. ● Optimization!