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NIH OA
- 1. The NIH Public Access Mandate and Open Access What do we need to know…and why?
- 2. WHAT IS THE NIH PUBLIC ACCESS POLICY? 1 As of April 7, 2008: NIH-funded investigators are required to submit (or have submitted for them) their final, peer-reviewed manuscript to PubMed Central (PMC) upon acceptance of publication to be made publicly available within 12 months of publication. This policy applies to NIH-funded manuscripts accepted for publication on or after April 7, 2008. As of May 25, 2008: NIH applications, proposals and progress reports must include the PubMed Central reference number (PMCID) when citing an article that falls under the policy and is authored or co-authored by the investigator, or arose from the investigator ’s NIH award.
- 3. WHEN DOES IT APPLY? 2 Institutions and PIs are responsible for compliance… Even if the PI is not an author on the publication Must ensure compliance before signing a copyright transfer agreement WHO IS RESPONSIBLE? 3 The NIH Public Access Policy applies to any manuscript that: Is peer-reviewed Is accepted for publication on or after April 7, 2008 Arises from direct funding from NIH
- 4. HOW DO YOU COMPLY? 2 Submission Method A: Publish in a journal that publishes all NIH-funded final published articles to PMC Submission Method B: Request that the publisher deposit the specific final published article to PMC (usually for a fee) Submission Method C: Deposit the final peer-reviewed manuscript through the NIH Manuscript Submission System Submission Method D: Complete the publisher initiated submission of the final peer-reviewed manuscript using NIHMS
- 5. What are we talking about? [1] Public Access Open Access
- 6. How do I tell the difference?
- 7. OA Outside of NIH All NIH-funded material is free/public access, but not necessarily OA. OA material is not necessarily mandated, rather the researchers want their findings to be freely available with few/no restrictions.
- 8. Scholarly Publishing Who are you? (publishing) Who has recognized your work? (citing) Neither involves the author getting PAID. Never has. So, why the 30% overhead? Why the “serials crisis”?
- 9. The Roads to OA Green: Self-archive Not always refereed Consequences? Multi-format Conference presentations, raw data, grey lit, tutorials Open digital repositories (1,700+) Mandates (200+) [4] Personal websites Problems?
- 10. Rationale Behind OA: Why isn ’t public access enough? Sustainability Transfer of copyright Author addendum Georgia State case “ The scholar ’ s copy” Embargoes Innovation Recent Alzheimer ’ s research Dr. Harold Varmus
- 11. OCTOBER 24-30, 2011 | EVERYWHERE
Editor's Notes
- #3: Moved from a strong suggestion to a mandate (and it has worked - include deposit rates over last two years) “ Ensures public has access to the published results of NIH-funded research” “ To help advance science and improve human health” SPARC: * Fulfilling grant progress reporting requirements by substituting deposit for submission of paper copies of articles; * Supporting NIH in its effort to preserve and archive research findings; Ensuring that the article is available in PMC to be cross-indexed to other federally supported databases, such as GenBank; and, Heightening the visibility of the research and enhancing the likelihood of early and increased citation. PMC has 420,000 unique individual users EACH DAY and more than 2/3 of those users are outside of the academy Inspired Federal Research Public Access Act (agencies with extramural research budget of $100 million or more) http://www.taxpayeraccess.org/ Evidence of compliance
- #4: PI does not have to be the one to deposit but will be held responsible for compliance depending on the severity and duration of the non-compliance NIH generally will afford the grantee an opportunity to correct the deficiencies before taking enforcement action (suspension or termination) unless public health or welfare concerns require immediate action However, even if a grantee is taking corrective action, NIH may take proactive action to protect the Federal government ’ s interests, including placing special conditions on awards or precluding the grantee from obtaining future awards for a specified period, or may take action designed to prevent future non-compliance, such as closer monitoring. See Enforcement Actions in the NIH Grants Policy Statement (11/03): http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/nihgps_2003/NIHGPS_Part8.htm#_Toc54600145
- #5: Distinction between final published article and final peer-reviewed manuscript: Final peer-reviewed manuscript: The Investigator's final manuscript of a peer-reviewed paper accepted for journal publication, including all modifications from the peer review process. Final published article: The journal ’ s authoritative copy of the paper, including all modifications from the publishing peer review process, copyediting and stylistic edits, and formatting changes. Embargoes Submission C: Who can deposit? 3 steps 1)deposit 2)authorize 3) approve
- #6: PUBLIC ACCESS A digital copy of the material may be ACCESSED without cost Standard copyright restrictions apply (no re-use/ redistribution without permission) NIH calls it “public access” Access often delayed for 6 months to a year OA Free, immediate online access with the right to use No permission necessary because permission explicitly granted in the license Definitions: BOAI , Bethesda , Berlin NIH doesn ’t REQUIRE OA but can be deposited in PMC without issue What are the benefits of posting peer-reviewed papers to PubMed Central? prominent, integrated and accessible, making it easier for all scientists to pursue NIH ’ s research priority areas competitively. PubMed Central materials are integrated with large NIH research data bases such as Genbank and PubChem, which helps accelerate scientific discovery Clinicians, patients, educators, and students can better reap the benefits of papers arising from NIH funding by accessing them on PubMed Central at no charge. Finally, the Policy allows NIH to monitor, mine, and develop its portfolio of taxpayer funded research more effectively, and archive its results in perpetuity.
- #7: “ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ” First, assume all material is covered by “all-rights reserved” copyright unless otherwise stated. The author may include a statement granting certain permissions. You might see this: Creative Commons offers various licenses permitting specific uses. If there is no copyright information in the particular article, check the publisher ’s website.
- #11: Both financial and archiving - journals have no incentive past profit… “ The copy of an article or book that works best for me is the one that I can download to my desktop, and mark up as I please with highlighting and commentary. I want to be able to re-copy to multiple folders if this suits how I work. If I am using the same article for two different projects, for example, I may want two copies with different highlighting reflecting the most salient points to each particular project. This ideal is a copy that I can search, along with everything else on my computer, either for keywords or key phrases in the text, or for my own notes. I can share a copy freely with colleagues or students, with or without my notes, either privately, or openly, on the web. I may want to create a new version before sending, with customized notes to fit the needs of my fellow researcher or student. ” - Heather Morrison Author rights Can I post my articles on my course Web sites or in institutional repositories? Can I share my work freely after assigning exclusive copyright to a publisher? Is it okay for me to post my work in NIH ’ s PubMed Central? Transfer of copyright means that you give up control over your own work…for what? This matters: Look at Georgia State case Cambridge University Press, Oxford University Press and Sage Publications says licensing fees must be paid Embargoes delay the scholarly communication process…a lot could happen in one year.